"palus" meaning in Latin

See palus in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈpa.luːs/ [Classical-Latin], [ˈpäɫ̪uːs̠] [Classical-Latin], /ˈpa.lus/ (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical), [ˈpäːlus] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)
Etymology: From Proto-Italic *palūts, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *pelH- (“pale, gray”) (presumably with semantic shift "gray" > "swamp", though this is semantically tenuous). Either way, related to Latvian peļķe (“puddle”), Lithuanian pelkė (“marsh”), Sanskrit पल्वल (palvala, “pool, pond”), and possibly Ancient Greek πηλός (pēlós, “mud, earth, clay”). Etymology templates: {{inh|la|itc-pro|*palūts}} Proto-Italic *palūts, {{der|la|ine-pro|*pelH-|t=pale, gray}} Proto-Indo-European *pelH- (“pale, gray”), {{cog|lv|peļķe||puddle}} Latvian peļķe (“puddle”), {{cog|lt|pelkė||marsh}} Lithuanian pelkė (“marsh”), {{cog|sa|पल्वल||pool, pond}} Sanskrit पल्वल (palvala, “pool, pond”), {{cog|grc|πηλός||mud, earth, clay}} Ancient Greek πηλός (pēlós, “mud, earth, clay”) Head templates: {{la-noun|palūs/palūd<3>|g=f}} palūs f (genitive palūdis); third declension Inflection templates: {{la-ndecl|palūs/palūd<3>}} Forms: palūs [canonical, feminine], palūdis [genitive], no-table-tags [table-tags], palūs [nominative, singular], palūdēs [nominative, plural], palūdis [genitive, singular], palūdum [genitive, plural], palūdī [dative, singular], palūdibus [dative, plural], palūdem [accusative, singular], palūdēs [accusative, plural], palūde [ablative, singular], palūdibus [ablative, plural], palūs [singular, vocative], palūdēs [plural, vocative]
  1. swamp, marsh, morass, bog, fen, pool Tags: declension-3 Categories (place): Bodies of water, Landforms Synonyms: padūlis (english: late) Derived forms: palūdester, palūdicolus, palūdifer, palūdigena, palūdivagus, palūdōsus, Palūs Maeōtis, palūster
    Sense id: en-palus-la-noun-Be5LpRhI Disambiguation of Bodies of water: 54 46 Disambiguation of Landforms: 56 44 Categories (other): Latin feminine nouns in the third declension
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Noun

IPA: /ˈpaː.lus/ [Classical-Latin], [ˈpäːɫ̪ʊs̠] [Classical-Latin], /ˈpa.lus/ (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical), [ˈpäːlus] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)
Etymology: From Proto-Italic *pākslos, from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂ǵ-slos, from *peh₂ǵ-. See related terms. Etymology templates: {{etymon|la|der|ine-pro>*peh₂ǵ->attach|id=stake}}, {{inh|la|itc-pro|*pākslos}} Proto-Italic *pākslos, {{inh|la|ine-pro||*peh₂ǵ-slos}} Proto-Indo-European *peh₂ǵ-slos Head templates: {{la-noun|pālus<2>}} pālus m (genitive pālī); second declension Inflection templates: {{la-ndecl|pālus<2>}} Forms: pālus [canonical, masculine], pālī [genitive], no-table-tags [table-tags], pālus [nominative, singular], pālī [nominative, plural], pālī [genitive, singular], pālōrum [genitive, plural], pālō [dative, singular], pālīs [dative, plural], pālum [accusative, singular], pālōs [accusative, plural], pālō [ablative, singular], pālīs [ablative, plural], pāle [singular, vocative], pālī [plural, vocative]
  1. stake, prop, stay, pale, post Tags: declension-2 Categories (place): Bodies of water Synonyms (stake): stilus, sudis, tālea, vallus Derived forms: impālō, pālāris, pālātiō, pālō, pāxillus, tripālis Related terms: paciscor, pāgina, pāgus, pāngō, pāx, pignus, pīla
    Sense id: en-palus-la-noun-la:stake Disambiguation of Bodies of water: 54 46 Categories (other): Latin entries with incorrect language header, Latin masculine nouns in the second declension Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 4 96 Disambiguation of Latin masculine nouns in the second declension: 41 59
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Italo-Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "palude"
          },
          "expansion": "Italian: palude",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Italian: palude"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "North Italian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ist",
            "2": "paloû"
          },
          "expansion": "Istriot: paloû",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Istriot: paloû"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lld",
            "2": "paluk",
            "3": "palú"
          },
          "expansion": "Ladin: paluk, palú",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ladin: paluk, palú"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lmo",
            "2": "palut"
          },
          "expansion": "Lombard: palut",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lombard: palut"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pms",
            "2": "palú"
          },
          "expansion": "Piedmontese: palú",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Piedmontese: palú"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rm",
            "2": "palieu",
            "3": "paleu",
            "4": "pale",
            "5": "palukt",
            "6": "palü"
          },
          "expansion": "Romansch: palieu, paleu, pale, palukt, palü",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Romansch: palieu, paleu, pale, palukt, palü"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vec",
            "2": "palude"
          },
          "expansion": "Venetan: palude",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Venetan: palude"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Gallo-Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fro",
            "2": "palu"
          },
          "expansion": "Old French: palu",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old French: palu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "palud",
            "3": "palus"
          },
          "expansion": "French: palud, palus",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "French: palud, palus"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nrf",
            "2": "palu"
          },
          "expansion": "Norman: palu",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norman: palu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "oc-gas",
            "2": "palu"
          },
          "expansion": "Gascon: palu",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Gascon: palu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pro",
            "2": "palut",
            "3": "palus"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Occitan: palut, palus",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Occitan: palut, palus"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Borrowings:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "palude",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ French: palude",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ French: palude"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pt",
            "2": "palude",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Portuguese: palude",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Portuguese: palude"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ro",
            "2": "paludă",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Romanian: paludă",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Romanian: paludă"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "es",
            "2": "palude",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Spanish: palude",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Spanish: palude"
    },
    {
      "depth": 0,
      "templates": [],
      "text": ""
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "with a semantic shift to \"forest\""
          },
          "expansion": "(with a semantic shift to \"forest\")",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Balkan Romance: (with a semantic shift to \"forest\")"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rup",
            "2": "pãduri"
          },
          "expansion": "Aromanian: pãduri",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Aromanian: pãduri"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ruq",
            "2": "păduri"
          },
          "expansion": "Megleno-Romanian: păduri",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Megleno-Romanian: păduri"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ro",
            "2": "pădure"
          },
          "expansion": "Romanian: pădure",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Romanian: pădure"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sqj-pro",
            "2": "*pëdyll",
            "3": "*pëýll",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Proto-Albanian: *pëdyll, *pëýll",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Proto-Albanian: *pëdyll, *pëýll"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sq",
            "2": "pyll"
          },
          "expansion": "Albanian: pyll",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Albanian: pyll"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Italo-Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "co",
            "2": "padula"
          },
          "expansion": "Corsican: padula",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Corsican: padula"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "padule"
          },
          "expansion": "Italian: padule",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Italian: padule"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nap",
            "2": "padula"
          },
          "expansion": "Neapolitan: padula",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Neapolitan: padula"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "scn",
            "2": "padula"
          },
          "expansion": "Sicilian: padula",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sicilian: padula"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Insular Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sc",
            "2": "padule",
            "3": "paule",
            "4": "pauli"
          },
          "expansion": "Sardinian: padule, paule, pauli",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sardinian: padule, paule, pauli"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "North Italian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lmo",
            "2": "padum"
          },
          "expansion": "Lombard: padum",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lombard: padum"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lij",
            "2": "paú"
          },
          "expansion": "Ligurian: paú",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Ligurian: paú"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lij",
            "2": "padú",
            "qq": "outside influence?"
          },
          "expansion": "Ligurian: padú (outside influence?)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ligurian: padú (outside influence?)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Gallo-Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "roa-oca",
            "2": "paul"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Catalan: paul",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Catalan: paul"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ca",
            "2": "Paül",
            "qq": "toponym"
          },
          "expansion": "Catalan: Paül (toponym)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Catalan: Paül (toponym)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Ibero-Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mxi",
            "2": "*padul"
          },
          "expansion": "Mozarabic: *padul",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Mozarabic: *padul"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "es",
            "2": "Padul",
            "3": "Padules",
            "bor": "1",
            "qq": "southern toponyms"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Spanish: Padul, Padules (southern toponyms)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Spanish: Padul, Padules (southern toponyms)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "roa-oan",
            "2": "padul"
          },
          "expansion": "Navarro-Aragonese: padul",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Navarro-Aragonese: padul"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pt",
            "2": "paul"
          },
          "expansion": "Portuguese: paul",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Portuguese: paul"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "es",
            "2": "paúl"
          },
          "expansion": "Spanish: paúl",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Spanish: paúl"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "eu",
            "2": "padura",
            "3": "fadura",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Basque: padura, fadura",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Basque: padura, fadura"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*palūts"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *palūts",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*pelH-",
        "t": "pale, gray"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pelH- (“pale, gray”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "peļķe",
        "3": "",
        "4": "puddle"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian peļķe (“puddle”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "pelkė",
        "3": "",
        "4": "marsh"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian pelkė (“marsh”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "पल्वल",
        "3": "",
        "4": "pool, pond"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit पल्वल (palvala, “pool, pond”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "πηλός",
        "3": "",
        "4": "mud, earth, clay"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek πηλός (pēlós, “mud, earth, clay”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *palūts, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *pelH- (“pale, gray”) (presumably with semantic shift \"gray\" > \"swamp\", though this is semantically tenuous). Either way, related to Latvian peļķe (“puddle”), Lithuanian pelkė (“marsh”), Sanskrit पल्वल (palvala, “pool, pond”), and possibly Ancient Greek πηλός (pēlós, “mud, earth, clay”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "palūs",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "palūdis",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "palūs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "palūdēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "palūdis",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "palūdum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "palūdī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "palūdibus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "palūdem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "palūdēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "palūde",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "palūdibus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "palūs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "palūdēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "palūs/palūd<3>",
        "g": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "palūs f (genitive palūdis); third declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "palūs/palūd<3>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin feminine nouns in the third declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "54 46",
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "la",
          "name": "Bodies of water",
          "orig": "la:Bodies of water",
          "parents": [
            "Landforms",
            "Water",
            "Earth",
            "Places",
            "Liquids",
            "Nature",
            "Names",
            "Matter",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Chemistry",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Sciences",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "56 44",
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "la",
          "name": "Landforms",
          "orig": "la:Landforms",
          "parents": [
            "Earth",
            "Places",
            "Nature",
            "Names",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "palūdester"
        },
        {
          "word": "palūdicolus"
        },
        {
          "word": "palūdifer"
        },
        {
          "word": "palūdigena"
        },
        {
          "word": "palūdivagus"
        },
        {
          "word": "palūdōsus"
        },
        {
          "word": "Palūs Maeōtis"
        },
        {
          "word": "palūster"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "swamp, marsh, morass, bog, fen, pool"
      ],
      "id": "en-palus-la-noun-Be5LpRhI",
      "links": [
        [
          "swamp",
          "swamp"
        ],
        [
          "marsh",
          "marsh"
        ],
        [
          "morass",
          "morass"
        ],
        [
          "bog",
          "bog"
        ],
        [
          "fen",
          "fen"
        ],
        [
          "pool",
          "pool"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "english": "late",
          "word": "padūlis"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpa.luːs/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpäɫ̪uːs̠]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpa.lus/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpäːlus]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "palus"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Balkan Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rup",
            "2": "par"
          },
          "expansion": "Aromanian: par",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Aromanian: par"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ro",
            "2": "par"
          },
          "expansion": "Romanian: par",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Romanian: par"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Italo-Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "palo"
          },
          "expansion": "Italian: palo",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Italian: palo"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nap",
            "2": "palo"
          },
          "expansion": "Neapolitan: palo",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Neapolitan: palo"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "scn",
            "2": "palu"
          },
          "expansion": "Sicilian: palu",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sicilian: palu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "North Italian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fur",
            "2": "pâl"
          },
          "expansion": "Friulian: pâl",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Friulian: pâl"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pms",
            "2": "pal"
          },
          "expansion": "Piedmontese: pal",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Piedmontese: pal"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rgn"
          },
          "expansion": "Romagnol:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Romagnol:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rgn",
            "2": "pêl",
            "nolb": "1",
            "qq": "Ravenna, Cattolica"
          },
          "expansion": "pêl (Ravenna, Cattolica)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "pêl (Ravenna, Cattolica)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rgn",
            "2": "pël",
            "nolb": "1",
            "qq": "San Marino"
          },
          "expansion": "pël (San Marino)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "pël (San Marino)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rgn",
            "2": "pél",
            "nolb": "1",
            "qq": "Lugo"
          },
          "expansion": "pél (Lugo)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "pél (Lugo)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rm",
            "2": "pal",
            "3": "pêl"
          },
          "expansion": "Romansch: pal, pêl",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Romansch: pal, pêl"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vec",
            "2": "pało",
            "3": "pal"
          },
          "expansion": "Venetan: pało, pal",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Venetan: pało, pal"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Gallo-Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ca",
            "2": "pal"
          },
          "expansion": "Catalan: pal",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Catalan: pal"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fro",
            "2": "pal"
          },
          "expansion": "Old French: pal",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old French: pal"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "frm",
            "2": "pieu"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle French: pieu",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle French: pieu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "pieu"
          },
          "expansion": "French: pieu",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "French: pieu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xno",
            "2": "pel"
          },
          "expansion": "Anglo-Norman: pel",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Anglo-Norman: pel"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "peel",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Middle English: peel",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Middle English: peel"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "peel",
            "qq1": "'stake', obsolete"
          },
          "expansion": "English: peel ('stake', obsolete)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: peel ('stake', obsolete)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "pale",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Middle English: pale",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Middle English: pale"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "pale"
          },
          "expansion": "English: pale",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: pale"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "oc",
            "2": "pal"
          },
          "expansion": "Occitan: pal",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Occitan: pal"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Ibero-Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ast",
            "2": "palu"
          },
          "expansion": "Asturian: palu",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Asturian: palu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "roa-opt",
            "2": "pao"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese: pao\nGalician: pau\nPortuguese: pau (see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Galician-Portuguese: pao\nGalician: pau\nPortuguese: pau (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "es",
            "2": "palo"
          },
          "expansion": "Spanish: palo",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Spanish: palo"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pap",
            "2": "palu"
          },
          "expansion": "Papiamentu: palu",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Papiamentu: palu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Insular Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sc",
            "2": "palu",
            "3": "pau"
          },
          "expansion": "Sardinian: palu, pau",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sardinian: palu, pau"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Ancient borrowings:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sq",
            "2": "pallë",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Albanian: pallë",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Albanian: pallë"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*pālu",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Proto-West Germanic: *pālu",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Proto-West Germanic: *pālu (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Later borrowings:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "paal",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Dutch: paal",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Dutch: paal"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "palus",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: palus",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: palus"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "pal",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ French: pal",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ French: pal"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "pal",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Polish: pal",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Polish: pal"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "der",
        "3": "ine-pro>*peh₂ǵ->attach",
        "id": "stake"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*pākslos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *pākslos",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*peh₂ǵ-slos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *peh₂ǵ-slos",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *pākslos, from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂ǵ-slos, from *peh₂ǵ-. See related terms.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pālus",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pālī",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pālus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pālī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pālī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pālōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pālō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pālīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pālum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pālōs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pālō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pālīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pāle",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pālī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pālus<2>"
      },
      "expansion": "pālus m (genitive pālī); second declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pālus<2>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "4 96",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "41 59",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "54 46",
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "la",
          "name": "Bodies of water",
          "orig": "la:Bodies of water",
          "parents": [
            "Landforms",
            "Water",
            "Earth",
            "Places",
            "Liquids",
            "Nature",
            "Names",
            "Matter",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Chemistry",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Sciences",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "impālō"
        },
        {
          "word": "pālāris"
        },
        {
          "word": "pālātiō"
        },
        {
          "word": "pālō"
        },
        {
          "word": "pāxillus"
        },
        {
          "word": "tripālis"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "stake, prop, stay, pale, post"
      ],
      "id": "en-palus-la-noun-la:stake",
      "links": [
        [
          "stake",
          "stake"
        ],
        [
          "prop",
          "prop"
        ],
        [
          "stay",
          "stay"
        ],
        [
          "pale",
          "pale"
        ],
        [
          "post",
          "post"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "paciscor"
        },
        {
          "word": "pāgina"
        },
        {
          "word": "pāgus"
        },
        {
          "word": "pāngō"
        },
        {
          "word": "pāx"
        },
        {
          "word": "pignus"
        },
        {
          "word": "pīla"
        }
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "la:stake"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "sense": "stake",
          "word": "stilus"
        },
        {
          "sense": "stake",
          "word": "sudis"
        },
        {
          "sense": "stake",
          "word": "tālea"
        },
        {
          "sense": "stake",
          "word": "vallus"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpaː.lus/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpäːɫ̪ʊs̠]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpa.lus/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpäːlus]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "palus"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 2-syllable words",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin feminine nouns",
    "Latin feminine nouns in the third declension",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin masculine nouns",
    "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
    "Latin nouns",
    "Latin second declension nouns",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
    "Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₂ǵ-",
    "Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Latin third declension nouns",
    "Pages with 5 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "la:Bodies of water",
    "la:Landforms"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "palūdester"
    },
    {
      "word": "palūdicolus"
    },
    {
      "word": "palūdifer"
    },
    {
      "word": "palūdigena"
    },
    {
      "word": "palūdivagus"
    },
    {
      "word": "palūdōsus"
    },
    {
      "word": "Palūs Maeōtis"
    },
    {
      "word": "palūster"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Italo-Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "palude"
          },
          "expansion": "Italian: palude",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Italian: palude"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "North Italian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ist",
            "2": "paloû"
          },
          "expansion": "Istriot: paloû",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Istriot: paloû"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lld",
            "2": "paluk",
            "3": "palú"
          },
          "expansion": "Ladin: paluk, palú",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ladin: paluk, palú"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lmo",
            "2": "palut"
          },
          "expansion": "Lombard: palut",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lombard: palut"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pms",
            "2": "palú"
          },
          "expansion": "Piedmontese: palú",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Piedmontese: palú"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rm",
            "2": "palieu",
            "3": "paleu",
            "4": "pale",
            "5": "palukt",
            "6": "palü"
          },
          "expansion": "Romansch: palieu, paleu, pale, palukt, palü",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Romansch: palieu, paleu, pale, palukt, palü"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vec",
            "2": "palude"
          },
          "expansion": "Venetan: palude",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Venetan: palude"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Gallo-Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fro",
            "2": "palu"
          },
          "expansion": "Old French: palu",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old French: palu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "palud",
            "3": "palus"
          },
          "expansion": "French: palud, palus",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "French: palud, palus"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nrf",
            "2": "palu"
          },
          "expansion": "Norman: palu",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norman: palu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "oc-gas",
            "2": "palu"
          },
          "expansion": "Gascon: palu",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Gascon: palu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pro",
            "2": "palut",
            "3": "palus"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Occitan: palut, palus",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Occitan: palut, palus"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Borrowings:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "palude",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ French: palude",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ French: palude"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pt",
            "2": "palude",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Portuguese: palude",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Portuguese: palude"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ro",
            "2": "paludă",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Romanian: paludă",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Romanian: paludă"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "es",
            "2": "palude",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Spanish: palude",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Spanish: palude"
    },
    {
      "depth": 0,
      "templates": [],
      "text": ""
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "with a semantic shift to \"forest\""
          },
          "expansion": "(with a semantic shift to \"forest\")",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Balkan Romance: (with a semantic shift to \"forest\")"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rup",
            "2": "pãduri"
          },
          "expansion": "Aromanian: pãduri",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Aromanian: pãduri"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ruq",
            "2": "păduri"
          },
          "expansion": "Megleno-Romanian: păduri",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Megleno-Romanian: păduri"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ro",
            "2": "pădure"
          },
          "expansion": "Romanian: pădure",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Romanian: pădure"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sqj-pro",
            "2": "*pëdyll",
            "3": "*pëýll",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Proto-Albanian: *pëdyll, *pëýll",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Proto-Albanian: *pëdyll, *pëýll"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sq",
            "2": "pyll"
          },
          "expansion": "Albanian: pyll",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Albanian: pyll"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Italo-Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "co",
            "2": "padula"
          },
          "expansion": "Corsican: padula",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Corsican: padula"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "padule"
          },
          "expansion": "Italian: padule",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Italian: padule"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nap",
            "2": "padula"
          },
          "expansion": "Neapolitan: padula",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Neapolitan: padula"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "scn",
            "2": "padula"
          },
          "expansion": "Sicilian: padula",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sicilian: padula"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Insular Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sc",
            "2": "padule",
            "3": "paule",
            "4": "pauli"
          },
          "expansion": "Sardinian: padule, paule, pauli",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sardinian: padule, paule, pauli"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "North Italian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lmo",
            "2": "padum"
          },
          "expansion": "Lombard: padum",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lombard: padum"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lij",
            "2": "paú"
          },
          "expansion": "Ligurian: paú",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Ligurian: paú"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lij",
            "2": "padú",
            "qq": "outside influence?"
          },
          "expansion": "Ligurian: padú (outside influence?)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ligurian: padú (outside influence?)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Gallo-Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "roa-oca",
            "2": "paul"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Catalan: paul",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Catalan: paul"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ca",
            "2": "Paül",
            "qq": "toponym"
          },
          "expansion": "Catalan: Paül (toponym)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Catalan: Paül (toponym)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Ibero-Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mxi",
            "2": "*padul"
          },
          "expansion": "Mozarabic: *padul",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Mozarabic: *padul"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "es",
            "2": "Padul",
            "3": "Padules",
            "bor": "1",
            "qq": "southern toponyms"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Spanish: Padul, Padules (southern toponyms)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Spanish: Padul, Padules (southern toponyms)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "roa-oan",
            "2": "padul"
          },
          "expansion": "Navarro-Aragonese: padul",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Navarro-Aragonese: padul"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pt",
            "2": "paul"
          },
          "expansion": "Portuguese: paul",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Portuguese: paul"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "es",
            "2": "paúl"
          },
          "expansion": "Spanish: paúl",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Spanish: paúl"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "eu",
            "2": "padura",
            "3": "fadura",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Basque: padura, fadura",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Basque: padura, fadura"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*palūts"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *palūts",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*pelH-",
        "t": "pale, gray"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pelH- (“pale, gray”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "peļķe",
        "3": "",
        "4": "puddle"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian peļķe (“puddle”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "pelkė",
        "3": "",
        "4": "marsh"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian pelkė (“marsh”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "पल्वल",
        "3": "",
        "4": "pool, pond"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit पल्वल (palvala, “pool, pond”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "πηλός",
        "3": "",
        "4": "mud, earth, clay"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek πηλός (pēlós, “mud, earth, clay”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *palūts, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *pelH- (“pale, gray”) (presumably with semantic shift \"gray\" > \"swamp\", though this is semantically tenuous). Either way, related to Latvian peļķe (“puddle”), Lithuanian pelkė (“marsh”), Sanskrit पल्वल (palvala, “pool, pond”), and possibly Ancient Greek πηλός (pēlós, “mud, earth, clay”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "palūs",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "palūdis",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "palūs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "palūdēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "palūdis",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "palūdum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "palūdī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "palūdibus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "palūdem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "palūdēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "palūde",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "palūdibus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "palūs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "palūdēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "palūs/palūd<3>",
        "g": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "palūs f (genitive palūdis); third declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "palūs/palūd<3>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "swamp, marsh, morass, bog, fen, pool"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "swamp",
          "swamp"
        ],
        [
          "marsh",
          "marsh"
        ],
        [
          "morass",
          "morass"
        ],
        [
          "bog",
          "bog"
        ],
        [
          "fen",
          "fen"
        ],
        [
          "pool",
          "pool"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpa.luːs/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpäɫ̪uːs̠]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpa.lus/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpäːlus]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "english": "late",
      "word": "padūlis"
    }
  ],
  "word": "palus"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 2-syllable words",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin masculine nouns",
    "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
    "Latin nouns",
    "Latin second declension nouns",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
    "Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₂ǵ-",
    "Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages with 5 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "la:Bodies of water",
    "la:Landforms"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "impālō"
    },
    {
      "word": "pālāris"
    },
    {
      "word": "pālātiō"
    },
    {
      "word": "pālō"
    },
    {
      "word": "pāxillus"
    },
    {
      "word": "tripālis"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Balkan Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rup",
            "2": "par"
          },
          "expansion": "Aromanian: par",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Aromanian: par"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ro",
            "2": "par"
          },
          "expansion": "Romanian: par",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Romanian: par"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Italo-Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "palo"
          },
          "expansion": "Italian: palo",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Italian: palo"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nap",
            "2": "palo"
          },
          "expansion": "Neapolitan: palo",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Neapolitan: palo"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "scn",
            "2": "palu"
          },
          "expansion": "Sicilian: palu",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sicilian: palu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "North Italian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fur",
            "2": "pâl"
          },
          "expansion": "Friulian: pâl",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Friulian: pâl"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pms",
            "2": "pal"
          },
          "expansion": "Piedmontese: pal",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Piedmontese: pal"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rgn"
          },
          "expansion": "Romagnol:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Romagnol:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rgn",
            "2": "pêl",
            "nolb": "1",
            "qq": "Ravenna, Cattolica"
          },
          "expansion": "pêl (Ravenna, Cattolica)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "pêl (Ravenna, Cattolica)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rgn",
            "2": "pël",
            "nolb": "1",
            "qq": "San Marino"
          },
          "expansion": "pël (San Marino)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "pël (San Marino)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rgn",
            "2": "pél",
            "nolb": "1",
            "qq": "Lugo"
          },
          "expansion": "pél (Lugo)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "pél (Lugo)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rm",
            "2": "pal",
            "3": "pêl"
          },
          "expansion": "Romansch: pal, pêl",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Romansch: pal, pêl"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vec",
            "2": "pało",
            "3": "pal"
          },
          "expansion": "Venetan: pało, pal",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Venetan: pało, pal"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Gallo-Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ca",
            "2": "pal"
          },
          "expansion": "Catalan: pal",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Catalan: pal"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fro",
            "2": "pal"
          },
          "expansion": "Old French: pal",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old French: pal"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "frm",
            "2": "pieu"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle French: pieu",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle French: pieu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "pieu"
          },
          "expansion": "French: pieu",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "French: pieu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xno",
            "2": "pel"
          },
          "expansion": "Anglo-Norman: pel",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Anglo-Norman: pel"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "peel",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Middle English: peel",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Middle English: peel"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "peel",
            "qq1": "'stake', obsolete"
          },
          "expansion": "English: peel ('stake', obsolete)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: peel ('stake', obsolete)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "pale",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Middle English: pale",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Middle English: pale"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "pale"
          },
          "expansion": "English: pale",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: pale"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "oc",
            "2": "pal"
          },
          "expansion": "Occitan: pal",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Occitan: pal"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Ibero-Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ast",
            "2": "palu"
          },
          "expansion": "Asturian: palu",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Asturian: palu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "roa-opt",
            "2": "pao"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese: pao\nGalician: pau\nPortuguese: pau (see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Galician-Portuguese: pao\nGalician: pau\nPortuguese: pau (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "es",
            "2": "palo"
          },
          "expansion": "Spanish: palo",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Spanish: palo"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pap",
            "2": "palu"
          },
          "expansion": "Papiamentu: palu",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Papiamentu: palu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Insular Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sc",
            "2": "palu",
            "3": "pau"
          },
          "expansion": "Sardinian: palu, pau",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sardinian: palu, pau"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Ancient borrowings:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sq",
            "2": "pallë",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Albanian: pallë",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Albanian: pallë"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*pālu",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Proto-West Germanic: *pālu",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Proto-West Germanic: *pālu (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Later borrowings:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "paal",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Dutch: paal",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Dutch: paal"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "palus",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: palus",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: palus"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "pal",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ French: pal",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ French: pal"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "pal",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Polish: pal",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Polish: pal"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "der",
        "3": "ine-pro>*peh₂ǵ->attach",
        "id": "stake"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*pākslos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *pākslos",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*peh₂ǵ-slos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *peh₂ǵ-slos",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *pākslos, from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂ǵ-slos, from *peh₂ǵ-. See related terms.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pālus",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pālī",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pālus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pālī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pālī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pālōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pālō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pālīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pālum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pālōs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pālō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pālīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pāle",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pālī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pālus<2>"
      },
      "expansion": "pālus m (genitive pālī); second declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pālus<2>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "paciscor"
    },
    {
      "word": "pāgina"
    },
    {
      "word": "pāgus"
    },
    {
      "word": "pāngō"
    },
    {
      "word": "pāx"
    },
    {
      "word": "pignus"
    },
    {
      "word": "pīla"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "stake, prop, stay, pale, post"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "stake",
          "stake"
        ],
        [
          "prop",
          "prop"
        ],
        [
          "stay",
          "stay"
        ],
        [
          "pale",
          "pale"
        ],
        [
          "post",
          "post"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "la:stake"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpaː.lus/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpäːɫ̪ʊs̠]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpa.lus/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpäːlus]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "stake",
      "word": "stilus"
    },
    {
      "sense": "stake",
      "word": "sudis"
    },
    {
      "sense": "stake",
      "word": "tālea"
    },
    {
      "sense": "stake",
      "word": "vallus"
    }
  ],
  "word": "palus"
}

Download raw JSONL data for palus meaning in Latin (20.1kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (bb46d54 and 0c3c9f6). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.