"fremor" meaning in Latin

See fremor in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: [ˈfrɛ.mɔr] [Classical-Latin], [ˈfrɛː.mor] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)
Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *bʰrem- Proto-Indo-European *bʰrémeti Proto-Italic *fremō Latin fremō Proto-Indo-European *-os Proto-Indo-European *-s Proto-Indo-European *-ōs Proto-Italic *-ōs Latin -or Latin fremor From fremō (“to murmur, roar, grumble”) + -or (noun-forming suffix). Etymology templates: {{ety|la|:af|fremō<t:to murmur, roar, grumble>|-or<pos:noun-forming suffix>|text=+|title=fremor|tree=1}} Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *bʰrem- Proto-Indo-European *bʰrémeti Proto-Italic *fremō Latin fremō Proto-Indo-European *-os Proto-Indo-European *-s Proto-Indo-European *-ōs Proto-Italic *-ōs Latin -or Latin fremor [Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*fremō", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "fremō", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "la" }, { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "nouns", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "nouns", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "athematic", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-os", "lang" : "ine-pro" }, { "id" : "hysterokinetic", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-s", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-ōs", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*-ōs", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-or", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "la", "pos" : "noun-forming suffix" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "fremor", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "la" }" data-lang="la" data-title="fremor"> From fremō (“to murmur, roar, grumble”) + -or (noun-forming suffix). Head templates: {{la-noun|fremor<3>}} fremor m (genitive fremōris); third declension Inflection templates: {{la-ndecl|fremor<3>}} Forms: fremōris [genitive], no-table-tags [table-tags], fremor [nominative, singular], fremōrēs [nominative, plural], fremōris [genitive, singular], fremōrum [genitive, plural], fremōrī [dative, singular], fremōribus [dative, plural], fremōrem [accusative, singular], fremōrēs [accusative, plural], fremōre [ablative, singular], fremōribus [ablative, plural], fremor [singular, vocative], fremōrēs [plural, vocative]
  1. a murmur, roar Tags: declension-3, masculine Synonyms: fremitus
    Sense id: en-fremor-la-noun-tWWf8oB6 Categories (other): Latin entries with etymology texts, Latin entries with etymology trees, Latin entries with incorrect language header, Latin masculine nouns in the third declension, Latin terms suffixed with -or, Pages using etymon with no ID, Pages with entries, Pages with etymology trees, Sound Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 51 49 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 52 48 Disambiguation of Sound: 100 0
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Verb

IPA: [ˈfrɛ.mɔr] [Classical-Latin], [ˈfrɛː.mor] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)
Head templates: {{head|la|verb form}} fremor
  1. first-person singular present passive indicative of fremō Tags: first-person, form-of, indicative, passive, present, singular Form of: fremō
    Sense id: en-fremor-la-verb-SGYqpr04 Categories (other): Latin entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 51 49 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 33 67 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 52 48
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Inflected forms

{
  "etymology_number": "1",
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": ":af",
        "3": "fremō<t:to murmur, roar, grumble>",
        "4": "-or<pos:noun-forming suffix>",
        "text": "+",
        "title": "fremor",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰrem-\nProto-Indo-European *bʰrémeti\nProto-Italic *fremō\nLatin fremō\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *-ōs\nProto-Italic *-ōs\nLatin -or\nLatin fremor\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*fremō\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"fremō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"athematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"hysterokinetic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-s\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-ōs\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ōs\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-or\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\", \"pos\" : \"noun-forming suffix\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"fremor\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"fremor\">\nFrom fremō (“to murmur, roar, grumble”) + -or (noun-forming suffix).",
      "name": "ety"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰrem-\nProto-Indo-European *bʰrémeti\nProto-Italic *fremō\nLatin fremō\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *-ōs\nProto-Italic *-ōs\nLatin -or\nLatin fremor\nFrom fremō (“to murmur, roar, grumble”) + -or (noun-forming suffix).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "fremōris",
      "links": [
        [
          "fremōris",
          "fremoris"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fremor",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fremōrēs",
      "links": [
        [
          "fremōrēs",
          "fremores#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fremōris",
      "links": [
        [
          "fremōris",
          "fremoris#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fremōrum",
      "links": [
        [
          "fremōrum",
          "fremorum#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fremōrī",
      "links": [
        [
          "fremōrī",
          "fremori#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fremōribus",
      "links": [
        [
          "fremōribus",
          "fremoribus#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fremōrem",
      "links": [
        [
          "fremōrem",
          "fremorem#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fremōrēs",
      "links": [
        [
          "fremōrēs",
          "fremores#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fremōre",
      "links": [
        [
          "fremōre",
          "fremore#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fremōribus",
      "links": [
        [
          "fremōribus",
          "fremoribus#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fremor",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fremōrēs",
      "links": [
        [
          "fremōrēs",
          "fremores#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fremor<3>"
      },
      "expansion": "fremor m (genitive fremōris); third declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fremor<3>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with etymology texts",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "51 49",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin terms suffixed with -or",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "52 48",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "100 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "la",
          "name": "Sound",
          "orig": "la:Sound",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a murmur, roar"
      ],
      "id": "en-fremor-la-noun-tWWf8oB6",
      "links": [
        [
          "murmur",
          "murmur"
        ],
        [
          "roar",
          "roar"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "fremitus"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈfrɛ.mɔr]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈfrɛː.mor]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "fremor"
}

{
  "etymology_number": "2",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "fremor",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "51 49",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "33 67",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "52 48",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "fremō"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "first-person singular present passive indicative of fremō"
      ],
      "id": "en-fremor-la-verb-SGYqpr04",
      "links": [
        [
          "fremō",
          "fremo#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈfrɛ.mɔr]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈfrɛː.mor]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "fremor"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 2-syllable words",
    "Latin entries with etymology texts",
    "Latin entries with etymology trees",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin masculine nouns",
    "Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
    "Latin non-lemma forms",
    "Latin nouns",
    "Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰrem-",
    "Latin terms suffixed with -or",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Latin third declension nouns",
    "Latin verb forms",
    "Pages using etymon with no ID",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Pages with etymology trees",
    "la:Sound"
  ],
  "etymology_number": "1",
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": ":af",
        "3": "fremō<t:to murmur, roar, grumble>",
        "4": "-or<pos:noun-forming suffix>",
        "text": "+",
        "title": "fremor",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰrem-\nProto-Indo-European *bʰrémeti\nProto-Italic *fremō\nLatin fremō\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *-ōs\nProto-Italic *-ōs\nLatin -or\nLatin fremor\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*fremō\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"fremō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"athematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"hysterokinetic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-s\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-ōs\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ōs\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-or\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\", \"pos\" : \"noun-forming suffix\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"fremor\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"fremor\">\nFrom fremō (“to murmur, roar, grumble”) + -or (noun-forming suffix).",
      "name": "ety"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰrem-\nProto-Indo-European *bʰrémeti\nProto-Italic *fremō\nLatin fremō\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *-ōs\nProto-Italic *-ōs\nLatin -or\nLatin fremor\nFrom fremō (“to murmur, roar, grumble”) + -or (noun-forming suffix).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "fremōris",
      "links": [
        [
          "fremōris",
          "fremoris"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fremor",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fremōrēs",
      "links": [
        [
          "fremōrēs",
          "fremores#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fremōris",
      "links": [
        [
          "fremōris",
          "fremoris#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fremōrum",
      "links": [
        [
          "fremōrum",
          "fremorum#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fremōrī",
      "links": [
        [
          "fremōrī",
          "fremori#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fremōribus",
      "links": [
        [
          "fremōribus",
          "fremoribus#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fremōrem",
      "links": [
        [
          "fremōrem",
          "fremorem#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fremōrēs",
      "links": [
        [
          "fremōrēs",
          "fremores#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fremōre",
      "links": [
        [
          "fremōre",
          "fremore#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fremōribus",
      "links": [
        [
          "fremōribus",
          "fremoribus#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fremor",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fremōrēs",
      "links": [
        [
          "fremōrēs",
          "fremores#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fremor<3>"
      },
      "expansion": "fremor m (genitive fremōris); third declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fremor<3>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a murmur, roar"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "murmur",
          "murmur"
        ],
        [
          "roar",
          "roar"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "fremitus"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈfrɛ.mɔr]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈfrɛː.mor]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "fremor"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 2-syllable words",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin non-lemma forms",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Latin verb forms",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "la:Sound"
  ],
  "etymology_number": "2",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "fremor",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "fremō"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "first-person singular present passive indicative of fremō"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fremō",
          "fremo#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈfrɛ.mɔr]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈfrɛː.mor]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "fremor"
}

Download raw JSONL data for fremor meaning in Latin (6.0kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-06-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-06-01 using wiktextract (ade7ec3 and 7f4db16). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.