"firma" meaning in Latin

See firma in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /ˈfir.ma/ [Classical], [ˈfɪrmä] [Classical], /ˈfir.ma/ (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical), [ˈfirmä] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)
Etymology: See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. Etymology templates: {{nonlemma}} See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. Head templates: {{head|la|adjective form}} firma
  1. inflection of firmus:
    feminine nominative/vocative singular
    Tags: feminine, form-of, nominative, singular, vocative
    Sense id: en-firma-la-adj-uFQypPsK Categories (other): Latin entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 22 23 28 10 15 2
  2. inflection of firmus:
    neuter nominative/accusative/vocative plural
    Tags: accusative, form-of, neuter, nominative, plural, vocative
    Sense id: en-firma-la-adj-qkN-3hgg Categories (other): Latin entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 22 23 28 10 15 2
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Adjective

IPA: /ˈfir.ma/ [Classical], [ˈfɪrmä] [Classical], /ˈfir.ma/ (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical), [ˈfirmä] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical), /ˈfir.maː/ [Classical], [ˈfɪrmäː] [Classical], /ˈfir.ma/ (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical), [ˈfirmä] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) Forms: firmā [canonical]
Etymology: See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. Etymology templates: {{nonlemma}} See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. Head templates: {{head|la|adjective form|head=firmā}} firmā
  1. ablative feminine singular of firmus Tags: ablative, feminine, form-of, singular Form of: firmus
    Sense id: en-firma-la-adj-QExiwzsR Categories (other): Latin entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 22 23 28 10 15 2
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Noun

IPA: /ˈfir.ma/ [Classical], [ˈfɪrmä] [Classical], /ˈfir.ma/ (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical), [ˈfirmä] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)
Etymology: There is debate as to whether Medieval Latin acquired this term from Old English feorm (“rent, provision, supplies, feast”), from Proto-Germanic *fermō, *firhuma- (“means of living, subsistence”), from Proto-Germanic *ferhwō (“life force, body, being”), from Proto-Indo-European *perkʷ- (“life, force, strength, tree”), or from Latin firmus (“solid, secure”), from Proto-Italic *fermos, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰer-mo-s (“holding”), from the root *dʰer- (“to hold”). If the former etymology is correct, the term is related to Old English feorh (“life, spirit”), Icelandic fjör (“life, vitality, vigour, animation”), Gothic 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍈𐌿𐍃 (fairƕus, “the world”). Compare also Old English feormehām (“farm”), feormere (“purveyor”). Etymology templates: {{der|la|ang|feorm|t=rent, provision, supplies, feast}} Old English feorm (“rent, provision, supplies, feast”), {{der|la|gem-pro|*fermō}} Proto-Germanic *fermō, {{m|gem-pro|*firhuma-|t=means of living, subsistence}} *firhuma- (“means of living, subsistence”), {{der|la|gem-pro|*ferhwō|t=life force, body, being}} Proto-Germanic *ferhwō (“life force, body, being”), {{der|la|ine-pro|*perkʷ-|t=life, force, strength, tree}} Proto-Indo-European *perkʷ- (“life, force, strength, tree”), {{m+|la|firmus|t=solid, secure}} Latin firmus (“solid, secure”), {{inh|la|itc-pro|*fermos}} Proto-Italic *fermos, {{inh|la|ine-pro||*dʰer-mo-s|t=holding}} Proto-Indo-European *dʰer-mo-s (“holding”), {{m|ine-pro|*dʰer-|t=to hold}} *dʰer- (“to hold”), {{cog|ang|feorh|t=life, spirit}} Old English feorh (“life, spirit”), {{cog|is|fjör|t=life, vitality, vigour, animation}} Icelandic fjör (“life, vitality, vigour, animation”), {{cog|got|𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍈𐌿𐍃|t=the world}} Gothic 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍈𐌿𐍃 (fairƕus, “the world”), {{cog|ang|feormehām|t=farm}} Old English feormehām (“farm”), {{m|ang|feormere|t=purveyor}} feormere (“purveyor”) Head templates: {{la-noun|firma<1>}} firma f (genitive firmae); first declension Inflection templates: {{la-ndecl|firma<1>}} Forms: firmae [genitive], no-table-tags [table-tags], firma [nominative, singular], firmae [nominative, plural], firmae [genitive, singular], firmārum [genitive, plural], firmae [dative, singular], firmīs [dative, plural], firmam [accusative, singular], firmās [accusative, plural], firmā [ablative, singular], firmīs [ablative, plural], firma [singular, vocative], firmae [plural, vocative]
  1. tax, tribute Tags: Medieval-Latin, declension-1, feminine
    Sense id: en-firma-la-noun-olSECArn Categories (other): Latin entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 22 23 28 10 15 2
  2. rent Tags: Medieval-Latin, declension-1, feminine
    Sense id: en-firma-la-noun-Dp~RWWxL Categories (other): Latin entries with incorrect language header, Latin feminine nouns in the first declension, Medieval Latin Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 22 23 28 10 15 2 Disambiguation of Latin feminine nouns in the first declension: 30 42 28 Disambiguation of Medieval Latin: 43 55 2
  3. farm Tags: Medieval-Latin, declension-1, feminine
    Sense id: en-firma-la-noun-yM9wHzCt
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: ferma Derived forms: firma burgi
Etymology number: 1

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for firma meaning in Latin (9.7kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "firma burgi"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fro",
            "2": "ferme"
          },
          "expansion": "Old French: ferme\nMiddle French: ferme\nFrench: ferme\n→ Romanian: fermă\n→ Middle English: ferme, farme, ferm, fyrme; feorme, veorme (in part)\nEnglish: farm\n→ Dutch: farm\n→ Finnish: farmi\n→ German: Farm\n→ Portuguese: farme, farma\n→ Yiddish: פֿאַרם (farm)\n→ Spanish: farmear\n→ Thai: ฟาร์ม (faam)\nScots: ferm\n→ Welsh: fferm",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old French: ferme\nMiddle French: ferme\nFrench: ferme\n→ Romanian: fermă\n→ Middle English: ferme, farme, ferm, fyrme; feorme, veorme (in part)\nEnglish: farm\n→ Dutch: farm\n→ Finnish: farmi\n→ German: Farm\n→ Portuguese: farme, farma\n→ Yiddish: פֿאַרם (farm)\n→ Spanish: farmear\n→ Thai: ฟาร์ม (faam)\nScots: ferm\n→ Welsh: fferm"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "oc",
            "2": "ferma"
          },
          "expansion": "Occitan: ferma",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Occitan: ferma"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "feorm",
        "t": "rent, provision, supplies, feast"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English feorm (“rent, provision, supplies, feast”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*fermō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fermō",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*firhuma-",
        "t": "means of living, subsistence"
      },
      "expansion": "*firhuma- (“means of living, subsistence”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*ferhwō",
        "t": "life force, body, being"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ferhwō (“life force, body, being”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*perkʷ-",
        "t": "life, force, strength, tree"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *perkʷ- (“life, force, strength, tree”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "firmus",
        "t": "solid, secure"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin firmus (“solid, secure”)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*fermos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *fermos",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*dʰer-mo-s",
        "t": "holding"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰer-mo-s (“holding”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*dʰer-",
        "t": "to hold"
      },
      "expansion": "*dʰer- (“to hold”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "feorh",
        "t": "life, spirit"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English feorh (“life, spirit”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "fjör",
        "t": "life, vitality, vigour, animation"
      },
      "expansion": "Icelandic fjör (“life, vitality, vigour, animation”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍈𐌿𐍃",
        "t": "the world"
      },
      "expansion": "Gothic 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍈𐌿𐍃 (fairƕus, “the world”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "feormehām",
        "t": "farm"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English feormehām (“farm”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "feormere",
        "t": "purveyor"
      },
      "expansion": "feormere (“purveyor”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "There is debate as to whether Medieval Latin acquired this term from Old English feorm (“rent, provision, supplies, feast”), from Proto-Germanic *fermō, *firhuma- (“means of living, subsistence”), from Proto-Germanic *ferhwō (“life force, body, being”), from Proto-Indo-European *perkʷ- (“life, force, strength, tree”), or from Latin firmus (“solid, secure”), from Proto-Italic *fermos, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰer-mo-s (“holding”), from the root *dʰer- (“to hold”). If the former etymology is correct, the term is related to Old English feorh (“life, spirit”), Icelandic fjör (“life, vitality, vigour, animation”), Gothic 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍈𐌿𐍃 (fairƕus, “the world”). Compare also Old English feormehām (“farm”), feormere (“purveyor”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "firmae",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "firma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "firmae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "firmae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "firmārum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "firmae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "firmīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "firmam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "firmās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "firmā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "firmīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "firma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "firmae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "firma<1>"
      },
      "expansion": "firma f (genitive firmae); first declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "firma<1>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "22 23 28 10 15 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "tax, tribute"
      ],
      "id": "en-firma-la-noun-olSECArn",
      "links": [
        [
          "tax",
          "tax"
        ],
        [
          "tribute",
          "tribute"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Medieval-Latin",
        "declension-1",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "22 23 28 10 15 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "30 42 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "43 55 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Medieval Latin",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "rent"
      ],
      "id": "en-firma-la-noun-Dp~RWWxL",
      "links": [
        [
          "rent",
          "rent"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Medieval-Latin",
        "declension-1",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "farm"
      ],
      "id": "en-firma-la-noun-yM9wHzCt",
      "links": [
        [
          "farm",
          "farm"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Medieval-Latin",
        "declension-1",
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfir.ma/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈfɪrmä]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfir.ma/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈfirmä]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "ferma"
    }
  ],
  "word": "firma"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
      "name": "nonlemma"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "adjective form"
      },
      "expansion": "firma",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "22 23 28 10 15 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of firmus:",
        "feminine nominative/vocative singular"
      ],
      "id": "en-firma-la-adj-uFQypPsK",
      "links": [
        [
          "firmus",
          "firmus#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "form-of",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "22 23 28 10 15 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of firmus:",
        "neuter nominative/accusative/vocative plural"
      ],
      "id": "en-firma-la-adj-qkN-3hgg",
      "links": [
        [
          "firmus",
          "firmus#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "form-of",
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "form": "firma",
      "ipa": "/ˈfir.ma/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "firma",
      "ipa": "[ˈfɪrmä]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "firma",
      "ipa": "/ˈfir.ma/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "form": "firma",
      "ipa": "[ˈfirmä]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "firma"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
      "name": "nonlemma"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "firmā",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "adjective form",
        "head": "firmā"
      },
      "expansion": "firmā",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "22 23 28 10 15 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "firmus"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ablative feminine singular of firmus"
      ],
      "id": "en-firma-la-adj-QExiwzsR",
      "links": [
        [
          "firmus",
          "firmus#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "form-of",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "form": "firma",
      "ipa": "/ˈfir.ma/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "firma",
      "ipa": "[ˈfɪrmä]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "firma",
      "ipa": "/ˈfir.ma/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "form": "firma",
      "ipa": "[ˈfirmä]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "form": "firmā",
      "ipa": "/ˈfir.maː/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "firmā",
      "ipa": "[ˈfɪrmäː]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "firmā",
      "ipa": "/ˈfir.ma/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "form": "firmā",
      "ipa": "[ˈfirmä]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "firma"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 2-syllable words",
    "Latin adjective forms",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin feminine nouns",
    "Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
    "Latin first declension nouns",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin non-lemma forms",
    "Latin nouns",
    "Latin terms derived from Old English",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
    "Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Medieval Latin"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "firma burgi"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fro",
            "2": "ferme"
          },
          "expansion": "Old French: ferme\nMiddle French: ferme\nFrench: ferme\n→ Romanian: fermă\n→ Middle English: ferme, farme, ferm, fyrme; feorme, veorme (in part)\nEnglish: farm\n→ Dutch: farm\n→ Finnish: farmi\n→ German: Farm\n→ Portuguese: farme, farma\n→ Yiddish: פֿאַרם (farm)\n→ Spanish: farmear\n→ Thai: ฟาร์ม (faam)\nScots: ferm\n→ Welsh: fferm",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old French: ferme\nMiddle French: ferme\nFrench: ferme\n→ Romanian: fermă\n→ Middle English: ferme, farme, ferm, fyrme; feorme, veorme (in part)\nEnglish: farm\n→ Dutch: farm\n→ Finnish: farmi\n→ German: Farm\n→ Portuguese: farme, farma\n→ Yiddish: פֿאַרם (farm)\n→ Spanish: farmear\n→ Thai: ฟาร์ม (faam)\nScots: ferm\n→ Welsh: fferm"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "oc",
            "2": "ferma"
          },
          "expansion": "Occitan: ferma",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Occitan: ferma"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "feorm",
        "t": "rent, provision, supplies, feast"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English feorm (“rent, provision, supplies, feast”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*fermō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fermō",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*firhuma-",
        "t": "means of living, subsistence"
      },
      "expansion": "*firhuma- (“means of living, subsistence”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*ferhwō",
        "t": "life force, body, being"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ferhwō (“life force, body, being”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*perkʷ-",
        "t": "life, force, strength, tree"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *perkʷ- (“life, force, strength, tree”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "firmus",
        "t": "solid, secure"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin firmus (“solid, secure”)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*fermos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *fermos",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*dʰer-mo-s",
        "t": "holding"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰer-mo-s (“holding”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*dʰer-",
        "t": "to hold"
      },
      "expansion": "*dʰer- (“to hold”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "feorh",
        "t": "life, spirit"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English feorh (“life, spirit”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "fjör",
        "t": "life, vitality, vigour, animation"
      },
      "expansion": "Icelandic fjör (“life, vitality, vigour, animation”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍈𐌿𐍃",
        "t": "the world"
      },
      "expansion": "Gothic 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍈𐌿𐍃 (fairƕus, “the world”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "feormehām",
        "t": "farm"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English feormehām (“farm”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "feormere",
        "t": "purveyor"
      },
      "expansion": "feormere (“purveyor”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "There is debate as to whether Medieval Latin acquired this term from Old English feorm (“rent, provision, supplies, feast”), from Proto-Germanic *fermō, *firhuma- (“means of living, subsistence”), from Proto-Germanic *ferhwō (“life force, body, being”), from Proto-Indo-European *perkʷ- (“life, force, strength, tree”), or from Latin firmus (“solid, secure”), from Proto-Italic *fermos, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰer-mo-s (“holding”), from the root *dʰer- (“to hold”). If the former etymology is correct, the term is related to Old English feorh (“life, spirit”), Icelandic fjör (“life, vitality, vigour, animation”), Gothic 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍈𐌿𐍃 (fairƕus, “the world”). Compare also Old English feormehām (“farm”), feormere (“purveyor”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "firmae",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "firma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "firmae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "firmae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "firmārum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "firmae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "firmīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "firmam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "firmās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "firmā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "firmīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "firma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "firmae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "firma<1>"
      },
      "expansion": "firma f (genitive firmae); first declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "firma<1>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "tax, tribute"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "tax",
          "tax"
        ],
        [
          "tribute",
          "tribute"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Medieval-Latin",
        "declension-1",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "rent"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "rent",
          "rent"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Medieval-Latin",
        "declension-1",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "farm"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "farm",
          "farm"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Medieval-Latin",
        "declension-1",
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfir.ma/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈfɪrmä]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfir.ma/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈfirmä]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "ferma"
    }
  ],
  "word": "firma"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 2-syllable words",
    "Latin adjective forms",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin non-lemma forms",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
      "name": "nonlemma"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "adjective form"
      },
      "expansion": "firma",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of firmus:",
        "feminine nominative/vocative singular"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "firmus",
          "firmus#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "form-of",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of firmus:",
        "neuter nominative/accusative/vocative plural"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "firmus",
          "firmus#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "form-of",
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "form": "firma",
      "ipa": "/ˈfir.ma/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "firma",
      "ipa": "[ˈfɪrmä]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "firma",
      "ipa": "/ˈfir.ma/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "form": "firma",
      "ipa": "[ˈfirmä]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "firma"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 2-syllable words",
    "Latin adjective forms",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin non-lemma forms",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
      "name": "nonlemma"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "firmā",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "adjective form",
        "head": "firmā"
      },
      "expansion": "firmā",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "firmus"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ablative feminine singular of firmus"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "firmus",
          "firmus#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "form-of",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "form": "firma",
      "ipa": "/ˈfir.ma/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "firma",
      "ipa": "[ˈfɪrmä]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "firma",
      "ipa": "/ˈfir.ma/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "form": "firma",
      "ipa": "[ˈfirmä]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "form": "firmā",
      "ipa": "/ˈfir.maː/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "firmā",
      "ipa": "[ˈfɪrmäː]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "firmā",
      "ipa": "/ˈfir.ma/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "form": "firmā",
      "ipa": "[ˈfirmä]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "firma"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.