See dulcis in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Taste",
"orig": "la:Taste",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dulcacidus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dūlcamārus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dulcēdō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dulcēscō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dulcia"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dulciculus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dulcifer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dulcificō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dulciloquus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dulcimodus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dulcinervis"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dulciolum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dulciōrelocus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dulcisonōrus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dulcisonus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dulcitās"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dulciter"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dulcitūdō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dulcō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dulcor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "obdulcēscō"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "durche"
}
],
"lang": "Insular Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"word": "dultsi"
},
{
"lang": "Istro-Romanian",
"lang_code": "ruo",
"word": "duľțe"
},
{
"lang": "Megleno-Romanian",
"lang_code": "ruq",
"word": "dulți"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"word": "dulce"
}
],
"lang": "Balkano-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dalmatian",
"lang_code": "dlm",
"word": "dolc"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "dolce"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"Tuscan"
],
"word": "dorce"
},
{
"lang": "Neapolitan",
"lang_code": "nap",
"word": "doce"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "duci"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "aruci"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "dólso"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "dolse"
}
],
"lang": "Italo-Dalmatian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Friulian",
"lang_code": "fur",
"word": "dolç"
},
{
"lang": "Romansh",
"lang_code": "rm",
"word": "dultsch"
}
],
"lang": "Rhaeto-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Emilian",
"lang_code": "egl",
"word": "dåulz"
},
{
"lang": "Ligurian",
"lang_code": "lij",
"word": "dôçe"
},
{
"lang": "Lombard",
"lang_code": "lmo",
"word": "dolz"
},
{
"lang": "Piedmontese",
"lang_code": "pms",
"word": "doss"
}
],
"lang": "Gallo-Italic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "dolç"
},
{
"lang": "Franco-Provençal",
"lang_code": "frp",
"word": "dox"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "doç"
},
{
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "douz"
}
],
"lang": "Gallo-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Aragonese",
"lang_code": "an",
"word": "dulce"
},
{
"lang": "Aragonese",
"lang_code": "an",
"word": "duze"
},
{
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"word": "dulce"
},
{
"lang": "Mozarabic",
"lang_code": "mxi",
"roman": "dalji",
"word": "دَلجِ"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Fala",
"lang_code": "fax",
"word": "doci"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "doce"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "doce"
}
],
"lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
"lang_code": "roa-opt",
"word": "doce"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Fala",
"lang_code": "fax",
"word": "doci"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "doce"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "doce"
}
],
"lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
"lang_code": "roa-opt",
"word": "doçe"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "dulce"
}
],
"lang": "Old Spanish",
"lang_code": "osp",
"word": "duz"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "dulce"
}
],
"lang": "Old Spanish",
"lang_code": "osp",
"word": "duce"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "dulce"
}
],
"lang": "Old Spanish",
"lang_code": "osp",
"raw_tags": [
"latinized?"
],
"word": "dulce"
}
],
"lang": "Ibero-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Vulgar Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "*indulcīre"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "γλυκύς",
"t": "sweet"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek γλυκύς (glukús, “sweet”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dléwkus",
"4": "*dl̥kús",
"t": "sweet"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dl̥kús (“sweet”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "The expected outcome would have been <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"la\">**dulquis</i>, with the u-stem regularly extended into an i- one, as in <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"la\">brevis</i>, <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"la\">tenuis</i>, etc.<ref name=deVaan/>",
"group": "n"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "شیرین",
"t": "sweet",
"tr": "šīrēn"
},
"expansion": "Persian شیرین (šīrēn, “sweet”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*sǖčig",
"t": "sweet"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *sǖčig (“sweet”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Most likely akin to Ancient Greek γλυκύς (glukús, “sweet”), both traditionally derived from a tentative Proto-Indo-European *dl̥kús (“sweet”), although the fall of -u- in the Latin form would be left unexplained, and the Greek form is problematic as well. Given that Latin and Greek are linguistically quite distant while being very close geographically, it is likely the word does not go back to PIE as it may have been borrowed from a common unknown source, possibly related to lac (“milk”). Compare typologically Persian شیرین (šīrēn, “sweet”) from شیر (šīr, “milk”) and Proto-Turkic *sǖčig (“sweet”) from *sǖt (“milk”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dulce",
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "dulcior",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "dulcissimus",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "dulce",
"tags": [
"adverb"
]
},
{
"form": "dulciter",
"tags": [
"adverb"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dulcis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dulce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dulcēs",
"links": [
[
"dulcēs",
"dulces#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dulcia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dulcis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dulcium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dulcī",
"links": [
[
"dulcī",
"dulci#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dulcibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dulcem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dulce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dulcīs",
"links": [
[
"dulcīs",
"dulcis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dulcēs",
"links": [
[
"dulcēs",
"dulces#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dulcia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dulcī",
"links": [
[
"dulcī",
"dulci#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dulcibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dulcis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dulce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dulcēs",
"links": [
[
"dulcēs",
"dulces#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dulcia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dulcis",
"adv": "dulce/dulciter",
"comp": "dulcior",
"sup": "dulcissimus"
},
"expansion": "dulcis (neuter dulce, comparative dulcior, superlative dulcissimus, adverb dulce or dulciter); third-declension two-termination adjective",
"name": "la-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dulcis"
},
"name": "la-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dulcātor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dulciārius"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dulcōrō"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "amārus"
}
],
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "It has all the virtues necessary for health, and constantly changes its nature along with the heat, being moist and dry, sweet, bitter, and acid.",
"ref": "234 BCE – 149 BCE, Marcus Porcius Cato, De agri cultura 157.1",
"text": "omnia ad salutem temperat conmutatque sese semper cum calore arida simul et umida et dulcis et amara et acris",
"translation": "It has all the virtues necessary for health, and constantly changes its nature along with the heat, being moist and dry, sweet, bitter, and acid.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sweet"
],
"id": "en-dulcis-la-adj-uQQ8Fq82",
"links": [
[
"sweet",
"sweet"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of taste) sweet"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of taste"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "suāvis"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"two-termination"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 48 37 4 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 35 29 12 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin third declension adjectives of two terminations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 53 40 2 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 57 37 2 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "8 CE – 12 CE, Ovidius, Tristia 5.13.22",
"roman": "Sooner would pale wormwood be missing from icy Pontus or Sicilian Hybla lack its sweet-scented thyme",
"text": "cāna prius gelidō dēsint absinthia Pontō\net careat dulcī Trīnacris Hybla thymō",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sweet-smelling, sweet-scented, fragrant"
],
"id": "en-dulcis-la-adj-lhNalohV",
"links": [
[
"sweet-smelling",
"sweet-smelling"
],
[
"scented",
"scented"
],
[
"fragrant",
"fragrant"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"two-termination"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 35 29 12 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin third declension adjectives of two terminations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Demosthenes, however, says most upon this head, and often speaks of his accuser as having a sweet-sounding and clear pronunciation.",
"ref": "46 BCE, Cicero, Brutus 57",
"text": "dicit plorare etiam Demosthenes istum quem saepe dicat voce dulci et clara fuisse",
"translation": "Demosthenes, however, says most upon this head, and often speaks of his accuser as having a sweet-sounding and clear pronunciation.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sweet-sounding, melodic, melodious, tuneful"
],
"id": "en-dulcis-la-adj-CnVAZr-9",
"links": [
[
"sounding",
"sounding"
],
[
"melodic",
"melodic"
],
[
"melodious",
"melodious"
],
[
"tuneful",
"tuneful"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"two-termination"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 35 29 12 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin third declension adjectives of two terminations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Sweet and fitting it is to die for one's fatherland.",
"ref": "23 BCE – 13 BCE, Horatius, Carmina 3.2.13",
"text": "Dulce et decōrum est prō patriā morī.",
"translation": "Sweet and fitting it is to die for one's fatherland.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "Then lambs are fat, and wines are mellowest then; then sleep is sweet, and dark the shadows fall upon the mountains.",
"ref": "c. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Vergilius, Georgicon 1.342",
"roman": "tum somnī dulcēs dēnsaeque in montibus umbrae",
"text": "tum pinguēs agnī et tum mollissima vīna",
"translation": "Then lambs are fat, and wines are mellowest then; then sleep is sweet, and dark the shadows fall upon the mountains.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "Let me declare briefly how sweet freedom is.",
"ref": "c. 15 BCE – c. 50 CE, Phaedrus, Fabulae 7.1",
"text": "Quam dulcis sit lībertās breviter prōloquar.",
"translation": "Let me declare briefly how sweet freedom is.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"agreeable, delightful, pleasant, soft, sweet"
],
"id": "en-dulcis-la-adj-ncn8Az~I",
"links": [
[
"agreeable",
"agreeable"
],
[
"delightful",
"delightful"
],
[
"pleasant",
"pleasant"
],
[
"soft",
"soft"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) agreeable, delightful, pleasant, soft, sweet"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "acceptus"
},
{
"word": "amoenus"
},
{
"word": "grātus"
},
{
"word": "iūcundus"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"figuratively",
"two-termination"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 35 29 12 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin third declension adjectives of two terminations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "You, his dear wife, on the lone shore alone, […]",
"ref": "c. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Vergilius, Georgicon 4.465",
"text": "tē, dulcis coniūnx, tē sōlō in lītore secum […]",
"translation": "You, his dear wife, on the lone shore alone, […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"(of persons) friendly, charming, kind, dear, pleasant, agreeable"
],
"id": "en-dulcis-la-adj-WKjGVuCc",
"links": [
[
"friendly",
"friendly"
],
[
"charming",
"charming"
],
[
"kind",
"kind"
],
[
"dear",
"dear"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) (of persons) friendly, charming, kind, dear, pleasant, agreeable"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "venustus"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"figuratively",
"two-termination"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈdʊɫ.kɪs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈdul̠ʲ.t͡ʃis]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "dulcis"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin adjectives",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin third declension adjectives",
"Latin third declension adjectives of two terminations",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"la:Taste"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "dulcacidus"
},
{
"word": "dūlcamārus"
},
{
"word": "dulcēdō"
},
{
"word": "dulcēscō"
},
{
"word": "dulcia"
},
{
"word": "dulciculus"
},
{
"word": "dulcifer"
},
{
"word": "dulcificō"
},
{
"word": "dulciloquus"
},
{
"word": "dulcimodus"
},
{
"word": "dulcinervis"
},
{
"word": "dulciolum"
},
{
"word": "dulciōrelocus"
},
{
"word": "dulcisonōrus"
},
{
"word": "dulcisonus"
},
{
"word": "dulcitās"
},
{
"word": "dulciter"
},
{
"word": "dulcitūdō"
},
{
"word": "dulcō"
},
{
"word": "dulcor"
},
{
"word": "obdulcēscō"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "durche"
}
],
"lang": "Insular Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"word": "dultsi"
},
{
"lang": "Istro-Romanian",
"lang_code": "ruo",
"word": "duľțe"
},
{
"lang": "Megleno-Romanian",
"lang_code": "ruq",
"word": "dulți"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"word": "dulce"
}
],
"lang": "Balkano-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dalmatian",
"lang_code": "dlm",
"word": "dolc"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "dolce"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"Tuscan"
],
"word": "dorce"
},
{
"lang": "Neapolitan",
"lang_code": "nap",
"word": "doce"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "duci"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "aruci"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "dólso"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "dolse"
}
],
"lang": "Italo-Dalmatian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Friulian",
"lang_code": "fur",
"word": "dolç"
},
{
"lang": "Romansh",
"lang_code": "rm",
"word": "dultsch"
}
],
"lang": "Rhaeto-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Emilian",
"lang_code": "egl",
"word": "dåulz"
},
{
"lang": "Ligurian",
"lang_code": "lij",
"word": "dôçe"
},
{
"lang": "Lombard",
"lang_code": "lmo",
"word": "dolz"
},
{
"lang": "Piedmontese",
"lang_code": "pms",
"word": "doss"
}
],
"lang": "Gallo-Italic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "dolç"
},
{
"lang": "Franco-Provençal",
"lang_code": "frp",
"word": "dox"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "doç"
},
{
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "douz"
}
],
"lang": "Gallo-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Aragonese",
"lang_code": "an",
"word": "dulce"
},
{
"lang": "Aragonese",
"lang_code": "an",
"word": "duze"
},
{
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"word": "dulce"
},
{
"lang": "Mozarabic",
"lang_code": "mxi",
"roman": "dalji",
"word": "دَلجِ"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Fala",
"lang_code": "fax",
"word": "doci"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "doce"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "doce"
}
],
"lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
"lang_code": "roa-opt",
"word": "doce"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Fala",
"lang_code": "fax",
"word": "doci"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "doce"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "doce"
}
],
"lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
"lang_code": "roa-opt",
"word": "doçe"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "dulce"
}
],
"lang": "Old Spanish",
"lang_code": "osp",
"word": "duz"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "dulce"
}
],
"lang": "Old Spanish",
"lang_code": "osp",
"word": "duce"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "dulce"
}
],
"lang": "Old Spanish",
"lang_code": "osp",
"raw_tags": [
"latinized?"
],
"word": "dulce"
}
],
"lang": "Ibero-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Vulgar Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "*indulcīre"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "γλυκύς",
"t": "sweet"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek γλυκύς (glukús, “sweet”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dléwkus",
"4": "*dl̥kús",
"t": "sweet"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dl̥kús (“sweet”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "The expected outcome would have been <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"la\">**dulquis</i>, with the u-stem regularly extended into an i- one, as in <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"la\">brevis</i>, <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"la\">tenuis</i>, etc.<ref name=deVaan/>",
"group": "n"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "شیرین",
"t": "sweet",
"tr": "šīrēn"
},
"expansion": "Persian شیرین (šīrēn, “sweet”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*sǖčig",
"t": "sweet"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *sǖčig (“sweet”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Most likely akin to Ancient Greek γλυκύς (glukús, “sweet”), both traditionally derived from a tentative Proto-Indo-European *dl̥kús (“sweet”), although the fall of -u- in the Latin form would be left unexplained, and the Greek form is problematic as well. Given that Latin and Greek are linguistically quite distant while being very close geographically, it is likely the word does not go back to PIE as it may have been borrowed from a common unknown source, possibly related to lac (“milk”). Compare typologically Persian شیرین (šīrēn, “sweet”) from شیر (šīr, “milk”) and Proto-Turkic *sǖčig (“sweet”) from *sǖt (“milk”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dulce",
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "dulcior",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "dulcissimus",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "dulce",
"tags": [
"adverb"
]
},
{
"form": "dulciter",
"tags": [
"adverb"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dulcis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dulce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dulcēs",
"links": [
[
"dulcēs",
"dulces#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dulcia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dulcis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dulcium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dulcī",
"links": [
[
"dulcī",
"dulci#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dulcibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dulcem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dulce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dulcīs",
"links": [
[
"dulcīs",
"dulcis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dulcēs",
"links": [
[
"dulcēs",
"dulces#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dulcia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dulcī",
"links": [
[
"dulcī",
"dulci#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dulcibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dulcis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dulce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dulcēs",
"links": [
[
"dulcēs",
"dulces#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dulcia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dulcis",
"adv": "dulce/dulciter",
"comp": "dulcior",
"sup": "dulcissimus"
},
"expansion": "dulcis (neuter dulce, comparative dulcior, superlative dulcissimus, adverb dulce or dulciter); third-declension two-termination adjective",
"name": "la-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dulcis"
},
"name": "la-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "dulcātor"
},
{
"word": "dulciārius"
},
{
"word": "dulcōrō"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "amārus"
}
],
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "It has all the virtues necessary for health, and constantly changes its nature along with the heat, being moist and dry, sweet, bitter, and acid.",
"ref": "234 BCE – 149 BCE, Marcus Porcius Cato, De agri cultura 157.1",
"text": "omnia ad salutem temperat conmutatque sese semper cum calore arida simul et umida et dulcis et amara et acris",
"translation": "It has all the virtues necessary for health, and constantly changes its nature along with the heat, being moist and dry, sweet, bitter, and acid.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sweet"
],
"links": [
[
"sweet",
"sweet"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of taste) sweet"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of taste"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "suāvis"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"two-termination"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "8 CE – 12 CE, Ovidius, Tristia 5.13.22",
"roman": "Sooner would pale wormwood be missing from icy Pontus or Sicilian Hybla lack its sweet-scented thyme",
"text": "cāna prius gelidō dēsint absinthia Pontō\net careat dulcī Trīnacris Hybla thymō",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sweet-smelling, sweet-scented, fragrant"
],
"links": [
[
"sweet-smelling",
"sweet-smelling"
],
[
"scented",
"scented"
],
[
"fragrant",
"fragrant"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"two-termination"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Demosthenes, however, says most upon this head, and often speaks of his accuser as having a sweet-sounding and clear pronunciation.",
"ref": "46 BCE, Cicero, Brutus 57",
"text": "dicit plorare etiam Demosthenes istum quem saepe dicat voce dulci et clara fuisse",
"translation": "Demosthenes, however, says most upon this head, and often speaks of his accuser as having a sweet-sounding and clear pronunciation.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sweet-sounding, melodic, melodious, tuneful"
],
"links": [
[
"sounding",
"sounding"
],
[
"melodic",
"melodic"
],
[
"melodious",
"melodious"
],
[
"tuneful",
"tuneful"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"two-termination"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Sweet and fitting it is to die for one's fatherland.",
"ref": "23 BCE – 13 BCE, Horatius, Carmina 3.2.13",
"text": "Dulce et decōrum est prō patriā morī.",
"translation": "Sweet and fitting it is to die for one's fatherland.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "Then lambs are fat, and wines are mellowest then; then sleep is sweet, and dark the shadows fall upon the mountains.",
"ref": "c. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Vergilius, Georgicon 1.342",
"roman": "tum somnī dulcēs dēnsaeque in montibus umbrae",
"text": "tum pinguēs agnī et tum mollissima vīna",
"translation": "Then lambs are fat, and wines are mellowest then; then sleep is sweet, and dark the shadows fall upon the mountains.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "Let me declare briefly how sweet freedom is.",
"ref": "c. 15 BCE – c. 50 CE, Phaedrus, Fabulae 7.1",
"text": "Quam dulcis sit lībertās breviter prōloquar.",
"translation": "Let me declare briefly how sweet freedom is.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"agreeable, delightful, pleasant, soft, sweet"
],
"links": [
[
"agreeable",
"agreeable"
],
[
"delightful",
"delightful"
],
[
"pleasant",
"pleasant"
],
[
"soft",
"soft"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) agreeable, delightful, pleasant, soft, sweet"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "acceptus"
},
{
"word": "amoenus"
},
{
"word": "grātus"
},
{
"word": "iūcundus"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"figuratively",
"two-termination"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "You, his dear wife, on the lone shore alone, […]",
"ref": "c. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Vergilius, Georgicon 4.465",
"text": "tē, dulcis coniūnx, tē sōlō in lītore secum […]",
"translation": "You, his dear wife, on the lone shore alone, […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"(of persons) friendly, charming, kind, dear, pleasant, agreeable"
],
"links": [
[
"friendly",
"friendly"
],
[
"charming",
"charming"
],
[
"kind",
"kind"
],
[
"dear",
"dear"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) (of persons) friendly, charming, kind, dear, pleasant, agreeable"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "venustus"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"figuratively",
"two-termination"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈdʊɫ.kɪs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈdul̠ʲ.t͡ʃis]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "dulcis"
}
Download raw JSONL data for dulcis meaning in Latin (13.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-06-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-06-01 using wiktextract (03da280 and 7f4db16). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.