See baculum in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bacillum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bacillus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "baculāris"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "imbēcillus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "bàcul"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "baculum"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "bâcle"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "bagoo"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "báculo"
},
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "bachall"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "abbacchio"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "bacchio"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "bacolo"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"word": "báculo"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "baculu"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"word": "báculo"
},
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"sense": "crook, staff",
"word": "bagl"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"id": "cane"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "qfa-sub",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*bokъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *bokъ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*bakkos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *bakkos",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "βάκτρον"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek βάκτρον (báktron)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*pagil"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *pagil",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*bak-tlom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bak-tlom",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-sbl",
"3": "-",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "Osco-Umbrian",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "կալ",
"t": "threshing floor"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian կալ (kal, “threshing floor”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "βακτηρία"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek βακτηρία (baktēría)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain, though probably loaned from a non-Indo-European substrate. The term is possibly cognate with Proto-Slavic *bokъ, Proto-Celtic *bakkos, Ancient Greek βάκτρον (báktron), and Proto-West Germanic *pagil. Based on these forms, the Proto-Indo-European root *bak- has been reconstructed. The term could be construed as a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *bak-tlom, although De Vaan postulates a pre-form *bak-k(e)los. The linguist Gert Klingenschmitt has proposed an alternative reconstruction *gʷaḱ-, though the linguist Thomas Olander suggests that a form *gʷh₂ḱ- could also yield the expected forms according to this theory. Nevertheless, such an alternative reconstruction would perhaps require the Latin term to have been borrowed from an Osco-Umbrian language, though it would allow for Old Armenian կալ (kal, “threshing floor”) to be adduced as a cognate.\nSee also beccus, Ancient Greek βακτηρία (baktēría).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "baculī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "baculum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bacula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "baculī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "baculōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "baculō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "baculīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "baculum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bacula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "baculō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "baculīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "baculum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bacula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "baculus",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"rare"
]
},
{
"form": "vaclus",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Latin",
"proscribed"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "baculum<2>"
},
"expansion": "baculum n (genitive baculī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "baculum<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 8 8 13 14 24 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"walking stick, cane, staff"
],
"id": "en-baculum-la-noun-SGRYXoRg",
"links": [
[
"walking stick",
"walking stick"
],
[
"cane",
"cane"
],
[
"staff",
"staff"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"sceptre, rod, verge (staff of office)"
],
"id": "en-baculum-la-noun-nGiz0882",
"links": [
[
"sceptre",
"sceptre"
],
[
"rod",
"rod"
],
[
"verge",
"verge"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"stick, cudgel"
],
"id": "en-baculum-la-noun-limDkimZ",
"links": [
[
"stick",
"stick"
],
[
"cudgel",
"cudgel"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Medieval Latin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "14 8 8 13 14 24 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a stick used as a symbol of warranty or in transfers of property"
],
"id": "en-baculum-la-noun-WIwiSeLN",
"links": [
[
"symbol",
"symbol"
],
[
"warranty",
"warranty"
],
[
"transfer",
"transfer"
],
[
"property",
"property"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Medieval Latin) a stick used as a symbol of warranty or in transfers of property"
],
"tags": [
"Medieval-Latin",
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ecclesiastical Latin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "14 8 8 13 14 24 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a support, stay"
],
"id": "en-baculum-la-noun-u0gmwNM8",
"links": [
[
"support",
"support"
],
[
"stay",
"stay"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Ecclesiastical Latin) a support, stay"
],
"tags": [
"Ecclesiastical",
"Latin",
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ecclesiastical Latin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "14 8 8 13 14 24 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"crosier"
],
"id": "en-baculum-la-noun-p~f8H2GO",
"links": [
[
"crosier",
"crosier"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Ecclesiastical Latin) crosier"
],
"tags": [
"Ecclesiastical",
"Latin",
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Zoology",
"orig": "la:Zoology",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "36 15 14 1 1 1 1 0 0 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 4 3 8 14 63",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 8 8 13 14 24 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a penis bone"
],
"id": "en-baculum-la-noun-UqML9ldQ",
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) a penis bone"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈba.kʊ.ɫũː]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈbaː.ku.lum]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "baculum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 3-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin neuter nouns",
"Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin second declension nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from substrate languages",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin terms with unknown etymologies",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bacillum"
},
{
"word": "bacillus"
},
{
"word": "baculāris"
},
{
"word": "imbēcillus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "bàcul"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "baculum"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "bâcle"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "bagoo"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "báculo"
},
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "bachall"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "abbacchio"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "bacchio"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "bacolo"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"word": "báculo"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "baculu"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"word": "báculo"
},
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"sense": "crook, staff",
"word": "bagl"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"id": "cane"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "qfa-sub",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*bokъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *bokъ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*bakkos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *bakkos",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "βάκτρον"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek βάκτρον (báktron)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*pagil"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *pagil",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*bak-tlom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bak-tlom",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-sbl",
"3": "-",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "Osco-Umbrian",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "կալ",
"t": "threshing floor"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian կալ (kal, “threshing floor”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "βακτηρία"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek βακτηρία (baktēría)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain, though probably loaned from a non-Indo-European substrate. The term is possibly cognate with Proto-Slavic *bokъ, Proto-Celtic *bakkos, Ancient Greek βάκτρον (báktron), and Proto-West Germanic *pagil. Based on these forms, the Proto-Indo-European root *bak- has been reconstructed. The term could be construed as a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *bak-tlom, although De Vaan postulates a pre-form *bak-k(e)los. The linguist Gert Klingenschmitt has proposed an alternative reconstruction *gʷaḱ-, though the linguist Thomas Olander suggests that a form *gʷh₂ḱ- could also yield the expected forms according to this theory. Nevertheless, such an alternative reconstruction would perhaps require the Latin term to have been borrowed from an Osco-Umbrian language, though it would allow for Old Armenian կալ (kal, “threshing floor”) to be adduced as a cognate.\nSee also beccus, Ancient Greek βακτηρία (baktēría).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "baculī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "baculum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bacula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "baculī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "baculōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "baculō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "baculīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "baculum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bacula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "baculō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "baculīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "baculum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bacula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "baculus",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"rare"
]
},
{
"form": "vaclus",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Latin",
"proscribed"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "baculum<2>"
},
"expansion": "baculum n (genitive baculī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "baculum<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"walking stick, cane, staff"
],
"links": [
[
"walking stick",
"walking stick"
],
[
"cane",
"cane"
],
[
"staff",
"staff"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"sceptre, rod, verge (staff of office)"
],
"links": [
[
"sceptre",
"sceptre"
],
[
"rod",
"rod"
],
[
"verge",
"verge"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"stick, cudgel"
],
"links": [
[
"stick",
"stick"
],
[
"cudgel",
"cudgel"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Medieval Latin"
],
"glosses": [
"a stick used as a symbol of warranty or in transfers of property"
],
"links": [
[
"symbol",
"symbol"
],
[
"warranty",
"warranty"
],
[
"transfer",
"transfer"
],
[
"property",
"property"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Medieval Latin) a stick used as a symbol of warranty or in transfers of property"
],
"tags": [
"Medieval-Latin",
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Ecclesiastical Latin"
],
"glosses": [
"a support, stay"
],
"links": [
[
"support",
"support"
],
[
"stay",
"stay"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Ecclesiastical Latin) a support, stay"
],
"tags": [
"Ecclesiastical",
"Latin",
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Ecclesiastical Latin"
],
"glosses": [
"crosier"
],
"links": [
[
"crosier",
"crosier"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Ecclesiastical Latin) crosier"
],
"tags": [
"Ecclesiastical",
"Latin",
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"la:Zoology"
],
"glosses": [
"a penis bone"
],
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) a penis bone"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈba.kʊ.ɫũː]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈbaː.ku.lum]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "baculum"
}
Download raw JSONL data for baculum meaning in Latin (6.8kB)
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}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-03-07 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-03-03 using wiktextract (d146717 and 59dc20b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.