"中古" meaning in Japanese

See 中古 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: [t͡ɕɨːko̞] Forms: 中古 ^ [canonical] (ruby: (ちゅう), ()), chūko [romanization], tyuuko [romanization], ちゆうこ [hiragana, historical]
Head templates: {{ja-noun|ちゅうこ|hhira=ちゆうこ}} 中(ちゅう)古(こ) • (chūko) ^(←ちゆうこ (tyuuko)?)
  1. a secondhand or used item Synonyms: セコハン, セコンドハンド, セカンドハンド
    Sense id: en-中古-ja-noun-GvRmDPq-
  2. medieval times (in Japanese history, including the Heian period) Coordinate_terms: 上古, 近古
    Sense id: en-中古-ja-noun-ISjjgrae Categories (other): Japanese terms read with jūbakoyomi, Japanese terms read with on'yomi, Japanese terms with 2 kanji, Time Disambiguation of Japanese terms read with jūbakoyomi: 5 44 47 5 Disambiguation of Japanese terms read with on'yomi: 5 50 45 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with 2 kanji: 5 47 43 5 Disambiguation of Time: 0 89 11 0
  3. short for 中古日本語 (Chūko Nihongo): Heian period Japanese; Early Middle Japanese Tags: abbreviation, alt-of Alternative form of: 中古日本語 (extra: (Chūko Nihongo): Heian period Japanese; Early Middle Japanese)
    Sense id: en-中古-ja-noun-dMlwHLoe Categories (other): Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant alt parameters, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms read with jūbakoyomi, Japanese terms read with on'yomi, Japanese terms with 2 kanji, Japanese terms with Atamadaka pitch accent (Tōkyō), Japanese terms with Heiban pitch accent (Tōkyō), Japanese terms with multiple readings, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys, Japanese terms with rendaku Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 4 34 58 4 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant alt parameters: 5 39 52 5 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 4 39 53 4 Disambiguation of Japanese terms read with jūbakoyomi: 5 44 47 5 Disambiguation of Japanese terms read with on'yomi: 5 50 45 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with 2 kanji: 5 47 43 5 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with Atamadaka pitch accent (Tōkyō): 3 24 73 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with Heiban pitch accent (Tōkyō): 3 23 71 3 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with multiple readings: 4 39 52 4 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 6 33 54 8 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 4 40 56 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with rendaku: 3 35 58 3
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: 中古語 (chūkogo) (ruby: (ちゅう), (), ()), 中古車 (chūkosha) (ruby: (ちゅう), (), (しゃ)), 中古書店 (chūko shoten) (ruby: (ちゅう), (), (しょ), (てん)), 中古品 (chūkohin) (ruby: (ちゅう), (), (ひん)), 中古文 (chūkobun) (ruby: (ちゅう), (), (ぶん)), 中古文学 (chūko bungaku) (ruby: (ちゅう), (), (ぶん), (がく))
Etymology number: 1

Noun

IPA: [t͡ɕɨːbɯ̟ɾɯ̟] Forms: 中古 [canonical] (ruby: (ちゅう), (ぶる)), chūburu [romanization]
Head templates: {{ja-noun|ちゅうぶる}} 中(ちゅう)古(ぶる) • (chūburu)
  1. (slang) a secondhand or used item Tags: slang
    Sense id: en-中古-ja-noun-GvRmDPq-1 Categories (other): Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "chūkogo",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "中",
          "ちゅう"
        ],
        [
          "古",
          "こ"
        ],
        [
          "語",
          "ご"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "中古語"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "chūkosha",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "中",
          "ちゅう"
        ],
        [
          "古",
          "こ"
        ],
        [
          "車",
          "しゃ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "中古車"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "chūko shoten",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "中",
          "ちゅう"
        ],
        [
          "古",
          "こ"
        ],
        [
          "書",
          "しょ"
        ],
        [
          "店",
          "てん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "中古書店"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "chūkohin",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "中",
          "ちゅう"
        ],
        [
          "古",
          "こ"
        ],
        [
          "品",
          "ひん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "中古品"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "chūkobun",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "中",
          "ちゅう"
        ],
        [
          "古",
          "こ"
        ],
        [
          "文",
          "ぶん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "中古文"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "chūko bungaku",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "中",
          "ちゅう"
        ],
        [
          "古",
          "こ"
        ],
        [
          "文",
          "ぶん"
        ],
        [
          "学",
          "がく"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "中古文学"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "中古 ^",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "中",
          "ちゅう"
        ],
        [
          "古",
          "こ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chūko",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tyuuko",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちゆうこ",
      "roman": "tyuuko",
      "tags": [
        "hiragana",
        "historical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ちゅうこ",
        "hhira": "ちゆうこ"
      },
      "expansion": "中(ちゅう)古(こ) • (chūko) ^(←ちゆうこ (tyuuko)?)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a secondhand or used item"
      ],
      "id": "en-中古-ja-noun-GvRmDPq-",
      "links": [
        [
          "secondhand",
          "secondhand"
        ],
        [
          "used",
          "used"
        ],
        [
          "item",
          "item"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "セコハン"
        },
        {
          "word": "セコンドハンド"
        },
        {
          "word": "セカンドハンド"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "5 44 47 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms read with jūbakoyomi",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 50 45",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms read with on'yomi",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 47 43 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 89 11 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Time",
          "orig": "ja:Time",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "coordinate_terms": [
        {
          "word": "上古"
        },
        {
          "word": "近古"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "medieval times (in Japanese history, including the Heian period)"
      ],
      "id": "en-中古-ja-noun-ISjjgrae",
      "links": [
        [
          "medieval",
          "medieval"
        ],
        [
          "times",
          "times"
        ],
        [
          "Heian period",
          "w:Heian period"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "(Chūko Nihongo): Heian period Japanese; Early Middle Japanese",
          "word": "中古日本語"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "4 34 58 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 39 52 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 39 53 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 44 47 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms read with jūbakoyomi",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 50 45",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms read with on'yomi",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 47 43 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 24 73",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with Atamadaka pitch accent (Tōkyō)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 23 71 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with Heiban pitch accent (Tōkyō)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 39 52 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 33 54 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 40 56",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 35 58 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with rendaku",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "short for 中古日本語 (Chūko Nihongo): Heian period Japanese; Early Middle Japanese"
      ],
      "id": "en-中古-ja-noun-dMlwHLoe",
      "links": [
        [
          "中古日本語",
          "中古日本語#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "Heian",
          "Heian"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "ちゅうこ"
    },
    {
      "other": "ちゅうこ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ɕɨːko̞]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "ja:中古 (時代区分)",
    "ja:中古日本語"
  ],
  "word": "中古"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "中古",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "中",
          "ちゅう"
        ],
        [
          "古",
          "ぶる"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chūburu",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ちゅうぶる"
      },
      "expansion": "中(ちゅう)古(ぶる) • (chūburu)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a secondhand or used item"
      ],
      "id": "en-中古-ja-noun-GvRmDPq-1",
      "links": [
        [
          "secondhand",
          "secondhand"
        ],
        [
          "used",
          "used"
        ],
        [
          "item",
          "item"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(slang) a secondhand or used item"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "slang"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "ちゅうぶる"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ɕɨːbɯ̟ɾɯ̟]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "中古"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese terms read with jūbakoyomi",
    "Japanese terms read with on'yomi",
    "Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with 中 read as ちゅう",
    "Japanese terms spelled with 古 read as こ",
    "Japanese terms spelled with 古 read as ふる",
    "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
    "Japanese terms with Atamadaka pitch accent (Tōkyō)",
    "Japanese terms with Heiban pitch accent (Tōkyō)",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation with pitch accent",
    "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms with rendaku",
    "Pages with 4 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "ja:Time"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "chūkogo",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "中",
          "ちゅう"
        ],
        [
          "古",
          "こ"
        ],
        [
          "語",
          "ご"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "中古語"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chūkosha",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "中",
          "ちゅう"
        ],
        [
          "古",
          "こ"
        ],
        [
          "車",
          "しゃ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "中古車"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chūko shoten",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "中",
          "ちゅう"
        ],
        [
          "古",
          "こ"
        ],
        [
          "書",
          "しょ"
        ],
        [
          "店",
          "てん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "中古書店"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chūkohin",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "中",
          "ちゅう"
        ],
        [
          "古",
          "こ"
        ],
        [
          "品",
          "ひん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "中古品"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chūkobun",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "中",
          "ちゅう"
        ],
        [
          "古",
          "こ"
        ],
        [
          "文",
          "ぶん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "中古文"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chūko bungaku",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "中",
          "ちゅう"
        ],
        [
          "古",
          "こ"
        ],
        [
          "文",
          "ぶん"
        ],
        [
          "学",
          "がく"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "中古文学"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "中古 ^",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "中",
          "ちゅう"
        ],
        [
          "古",
          "こ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chūko",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tyuuko",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちゆうこ",
      "roman": "tyuuko",
      "tags": [
        "hiragana",
        "historical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ちゅうこ",
        "hhira": "ちゆうこ"
      },
      "expansion": "中(ちゅう)古(こ) • (chūko) ^(←ちゆうこ (tyuuko)?)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a secondhand or used item"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "secondhand",
          "secondhand"
        ],
        [
          "used",
          "used"
        ],
        [
          "item",
          "item"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "セコハン"
        },
        {
          "word": "セコンドハンド"
        },
        {
          "word": "セカンドハンド"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "coordinate_terms": [
        {
          "word": "上古"
        },
        {
          "word": "近古"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "medieval times (in Japanese history, including the Heian period)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "medieval",
          "medieval"
        ],
        [
          "times",
          "times"
        ],
        [
          "Heian period",
          "w:Heian period"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "(Chūko Nihongo): Heian period Japanese; Early Middle Japanese",
          "word": "中古日本語"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Japanese short forms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "short for 中古日本語 (Chūko Nihongo): Heian period Japanese; Early Middle Japanese"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "中古日本語",
          "中古日本語#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "Heian",
          "Heian"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "ちゅうこ"
    },
    {
      "other": "ちゅうこ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ɕɨːko̞]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "ja:中古 (時代区分)",
    "ja:中古日本語"
  ],
  "word": "中古"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese terms read with jūbakoyomi",
    "Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with 中 read as ちゅう",
    "Japanese terms spelled with 古 read as ふる",
    "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
    "Japanese terms with Heiban pitch accent (Tōkyō)",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation with pitch accent",
    "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms with rendaku",
    "Pages with 4 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "ja:Time"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "中古",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "中",
          "ちゅう"
        ],
        [
          "古",
          "ぶる"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chūburu",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ちゅうぶる"
      },
      "expansion": "中(ちゅう)古(ぶる) • (chūburu)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese slang",
        "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a secondhand or used item"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "secondhand",
          "secondhand"
        ],
        [
          "used",
          "used"
        ],
        [
          "item",
          "item"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(slang) a secondhand or used item"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "slang"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "ちゅうぶる"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ɕɨːbɯ̟ɾɯ̟]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "中古"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 中古 meaning in Japanese (4.7kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-02 using wiktextract (6fdc867 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.