"ごわす" meaning in Japanese

See ごわす in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: [ɡo̞β̞a̠sɨ]
Etymology: Sound change from 御(ご)座(ざ)ります (gozarimasu, “to exist”, honorific form) → ござんす (gozansu) → ごわんす (gowansu) → ごわす (gowasu). Etymology templates: {{ja-r|御%座ります|ご%ざります|to exist|pos=honorific form}} 御(ご)座(ざ)ります (gozarimasu, “to exist”, honorific form), {{lang|ja|ござんす}} ござんす, {{lang|ja|ごわんす}} ごわんす Head templates: {{ja-verb}} ごわす • (gowasu) Forms: gowasu [romanization], no-table-tags [table-tags], ごわせ [imperfective, stem], gowase [imperfective, stem], ごわし [continuative, stem], gowashi [continuative, stem], ごわす [stem, terminative], gowasu [stem, terminative], ごわす [attributive, stem], gowasu [attributive, stem], ごわせ [hypothetical, stem], gowase [hypothetical, stem], - [imperative, stem], - [passive], - [causative], - [potential], ごわしょう [volitional], gowashō [volitional], ごわせん [negative], gowasen [negative], ごわせず [continuative, negative], gowasezu [continuative, negative], - [formal], ごわした [perfective], gowashita [perfective], ごわして [conjunctive], gowashite [conjunctive], ごわせば [conditional, hypothetical], gowaseba [conditional, hypothetical]
  1. (honorific) Polite form of ある (aru): to exist Tags: form-of, honorific, polite Form of: ある (extra: (aru): to exist) Synonyms: ございます, あります
    Sense id: en-ごわす-ja-verb-kevVSE7Z Categories (other): Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys, Japanese verbs without transitivity, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 48 52 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 48 52 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 48 52 Disambiguation of Japanese verbs without transitivity: 50 50 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 48 52 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 48 52
  2. (auxiliary, honorific) Polite form of ある (aru) Tags: auxiliary, form-of, honorific, polite Form of: ある (extra: aru) Synonyms: でございます, であります
    Sense id: en-ごわす-ja-verb-5con1NmO Categories (other): Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys, Japanese verbs without transitivity, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 48 52 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 48 52 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 48 52 Disambiguation of Japanese verbs without transitivity: 50 50 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 48 52 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 48 52

Alternative forms

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "御%座ります",
        "2": "ご%ざります",
        "3": "to exist",
        "pos": "honorific form"
      },
      "expansion": "御(ご)座(ざ)ります (gozarimasu, “to exist”, honorific form)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ござんす"
      },
      "expansion": "ござんす",
      "name": "lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ごわんす"
      },
      "expansion": "ごわんす",
      "name": "lang"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Sound change from 御(ご)座(ざ)ります (gozarimasu, “to exist”, honorific form) → ござんす (gozansu) → ごわんす (gowansu) → ごわす (gowasu).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gowasu",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-verbconj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ごわせ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gowase",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ごわし",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gowashi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ごわす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gowasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ごわす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gowasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ごわせ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gowase",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ごわしょう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gowashō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ごわせん",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gowasen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ごわせず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gowasezu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ごわした",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gowashita",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ごわして",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gowashite",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ごわせば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gowaseba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "ごわす • (gowasu)",
      "name": "ja-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "48 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "48 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "48 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "48 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "48 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "(aru): to exist",
          "word": "ある"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Polite form of ある (aru): to exist"
      ],
      "id": "en-ごわす-ja-verb-kevVSE7Z",
      "links": [
        [
          "ある",
          "ある#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "exist",
          "exist"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(honorific) Polite form of ある (aru): to exist"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "ございます"
        },
        {
          "word": "あります"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "honorific",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "48 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "48 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "48 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "48 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "48 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "aru",
          "word": "ある"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Polite form of ある (aru)"
      ],
      "id": "en-ごわす-ja-verb-5con1NmO",
      "links": [
        [
          "ある",
          "ある#Japanese"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(auxiliary, honorific) Polite form of ある (aru)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "でございます"
        },
        {
          "word": "であります"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary",
        "form-of",
        "honorific",
        "polite"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "ごわす"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɡo̞β̞a̠sɨ]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ごわす"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese hiragana",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese terms spelled with わ",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese verbs",
    "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "御%座ります",
        "2": "ご%ざります",
        "3": "to exist",
        "pos": "honorific form"
      },
      "expansion": "御(ご)座(ざ)ります (gozarimasu, “to exist”, honorific form)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ござんす"
      },
      "expansion": "ござんす",
      "name": "lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ごわんす"
      },
      "expansion": "ごわんす",
      "name": "lang"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Sound change from 御(ご)座(ざ)ります (gozarimasu, “to exist”, honorific form) → ござんす (gozansu) → ごわんす (gowansu) → ごわす (gowasu).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gowasu",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-verbconj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ごわせ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gowase",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ごわし",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gowashi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ごわす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gowasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ごわす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gowasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ごわせ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gowase",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ごわしょう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gowashō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ごわせん",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gowasen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ごわせず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gowasezu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ごわした",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gowashita",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ごわして",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gowashite",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ごわせば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gowaseba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "ごわす • (gowasu)",
      "name": "ja-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese honorific terms",
        "Japanese polite terms"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "(aru): to exist",
          "word": "ある"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Polite form of ある (aru): to exist"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ある",
          "ある#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "exist",
          "exist"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(honorific) Polite form of ある (aru): to exist"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "ございます"
        },
        {
          "word": "あります"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "honorific",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese auxiliary verbs",
        "Japanese honorific terms",
        "Japanese polite terms"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "aru",
          "word": "ある"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Polite form of ある (aru)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ある",
          "ある#Japanese"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(auxiliary, honorific) Polite form of ある (aru)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "でございます"
        },
        {
          "word": "であります"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary",
        "form-of",
        "honorific",
        "polite"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "ごわす"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɡo̞β̞a̠sɨ]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ごわす"
}

Download raw JSONL data for ごわす meaning in Japanese (4.3kB)

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "ごわす"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "ごわす",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2466",
  "msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Imperfective (未然形)",
  "path": [
    "ごわす"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "ごわす",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2466",
  "msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Continuative (連用形)",
  "path": [
    "ごわす"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "ごわす",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2466",
  "msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Terminal (終止形)",
  "path": [
    "ごわす"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "ごわす",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2466",
  "msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Attributive (連体形)",
  "path": [
    "ごわす"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "ごわす",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2466",
  "msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Hypothetical (仮定形)",
  "path": [
    "ごわす"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "ごわす",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2466",
  "msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Imperative (命令形)",
  "path": [
    "ごわす"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "ごわす",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2466",
  "msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Passive",
  "path": [
    "ごわす"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "ごわす",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2466",
  "msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Causative",
  "path": [
    "ごわす"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "ごわす",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2466",
  "msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Potential",
  "path": [
    "ごわす"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "ごわす",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2466",
  "msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Volitional",
  "path": [
    "ごわす"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "ごわす",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2466",
  "msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Negative",
  "path": [
    "ごわす"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "ごわす",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2466",
  "msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Negative continuative",
  "path": [
    "ごわす"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "ごわす",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2466",
  "msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Formal",
  "path": [
    "ごわす"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "ごわす",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2466",
  "msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Perfective",
  "path": [
    "ごわす"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "ごわす",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2466",
  "msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Conjunctive",
  "path": [
    "ごわす"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "ごわす",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2466",
  "msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Hypothetical conditional",
  "path": [
    "ごわす"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "ごわす",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.