See 鳴く in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 鳴く meaning in Japanese (10.3kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "音",
"3": "",
"4": "(emotional) sound, voice",
"pos": "bound form",
"tr": "na"
},
"expansion": "音 (na, “(emotional) sound, voice”, bound form)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "く",
"pos": "verb suffix",
"tr": "-ku"
},
"expansion": "く (-ku, verb suffix)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "泣く",
"2": "なく"
},
"expansion": "泣(な)く (naku)",
"name": "ja-r"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese, derived from 音 (na, “(emotional) sound, voice”, bound form) + く (-ku, verb suffix). Cognate with 泣(な)く (naku).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "鳴く",
"ruby": [
[
"鳴",
"な"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "naku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴き",
"roman": "naki",
"ruby": [
[
"鳴",
"な"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴いた",
"roman": "naita",
"ruby": [
[
"鳴",
"な"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-go-ku",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴か",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "なか",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "naka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴き",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "なき",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "naki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴く",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "なく",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "naku",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴け",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "なけ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "nake",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴かれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "なかれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "nakareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴かせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴かす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "なかせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "なかす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "nakaseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "nakasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴ける",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "なける",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "nakeru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴こう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "なこう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "nakō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴かない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "なかない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "nakanai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴かず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "なかず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "nakazu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴きます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "なきます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "nakimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴いた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "ないた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "naita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴いて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ないて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "naite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴けば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "なけば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "nakeba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-conj-bungo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴か",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "なか",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "naka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴き",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "なき",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "naki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴く",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "なく",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "naku",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴く",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "なく",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "naku",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴け",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "なけ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "nake",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴け",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "なけ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "nake",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴かず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "なかず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "nakazu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴けど",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "なけど",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "nakedo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴けば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "なけば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "nakeba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴かば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "なかば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "nakaba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴きき",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "なきき",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "nakiki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴きけり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "なきけり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "nakikeri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴きつ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "なきつ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "nakitu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴きぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "なきぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "nakinu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴けり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴きたり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "なけり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "なきたり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "nakeri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "nakitari",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴かむ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "なかむ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "nakamu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "なく",
"type": "1"
},
"expansion": "鳴(な)く • (naku) godan (stem 鳴(な)き (naki), past 鳴(な)いた (naita))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "な",
"2": "4-k"
},
"name": "ja-conj-bungo"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Animal sounds",
"orig": "ja:Animal sounds",
"parents": [
"Sounds",
"Vocalizations",
"Sound",
"Communication",
"Energy",
"All topics",
"Nature",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "A little bird sang outside my window.",
"roman": "Mado no soto de kotori ga naita.",
"ruby": [
[
"窓",
"まど"
],
[
"外",
"そと"
],
[
"小",
"こ"
],
[
"鳥",
"とり"
],
[
"鳴",
"な"
]
],
"text": "窓の外で小鳥が鳴いた。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to call, to make noise; e.g., a bird's singing"
],
"id": "en-鳴く-ja-verb-5ZUt~Lc6",
"links": [
[
"call",
"call"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of an animal) to call, to make noise; e.g., a bird's singing"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of an animal"
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "naru",
"ruby": [
[
"鳴",
"な"
]
],
"word": "鳴る"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "なく"
},
{
"ipa": "[na̠kɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"word": "鳴く"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "音",
"3": "",
"4": "(emotional) sound, voice",
"pos": "bound form",
"tr": "na"
},
"expansion": "音 (na, “(emotional) sound, voice”, bound form)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "く",
"pos": "verb suffix",
"tr": "-ku"
},
"expansion": "く (-ku, verb suffix)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "泣く",
"2": "なく"
},
"expansion": "泣(な)く (naku)",
"name": "ja-r"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese, derived from 音 (na, “(emotional) sound, voice”, bound form) + く (-ku, verb suffix). Cognate with 泣(な)く (naku).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "鳴く",
"ruby": [
[
"鳴",
"な"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "naku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴き",
"roman": "naki",
"ruby": [
[
"鳴",
"な"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴いた",
"roman": "naita",
"ruby": [
[
"鳴",
"な"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-go-ku",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴か",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "なか",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "naka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴き",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "なき",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "naki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴く",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "なく",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "naku",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴け",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "なけ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "nake",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴かれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "なかれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "nakareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴かせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴かす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "なかせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "なかす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "nakaseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "nakasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴ける",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "なける",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "nakeru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴こう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "なこう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "nakō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴かない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "なかない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "nakanai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴かず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "なかず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "nakazu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴きます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "なきます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "nakimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴いた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "ないた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "naita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴いて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ないて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "naite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴けば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "なけば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "nakeba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-conj-bungo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴か",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "なか",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "naka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴き",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "なき",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "naki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴く",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "なく",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "naku",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴く",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "なく",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "naku",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴け",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "なけ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "nake",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴け",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "なけ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "nake",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴かず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "なかず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "nakazu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴けど",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "なけど",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "nakedo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴けば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "なけば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "nakeba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴かば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "なかば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "nakaba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴きき",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "なきき",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "nakiki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴きけり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "なきけり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "nakikeri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴きつ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "なきつ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "nakitu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴きぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "なきぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "nakinu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴けり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴きたり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "なけり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "なきたり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "nakeri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "nakitari",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "鳴かむ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "なかむ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "nakamu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "なく",
"type": "1"
},
"expansion": "鳴(な)く • (naku) godan (stem 鳴(な)き (naki), past 鳴(な)いた (naita))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "な",
"2": "4-k"
},
"name": "ja-conj-bungo"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"roman": "naru",
"ruby": [
[
"鳴",
"な"
]
],
"word": "鳴る"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with manual fragments",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with usage examples",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
"Japanese type 1 verbs",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"ja:Animal sounds"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "A little bird sang outside my window.",
"roman": "Mado no soto de kotori ga naita.",
"ruby": [
[
"窓",
"まど"
],
[
"外",
"そと"
],
[
"小",
"こ"
],
[
"鳥",
"とり"
],
[
"鳴",
"な"
]
],
"text": "窓の外で小鳥が鳴いた。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to call, to make noise; e.g., a bird's singing"
],
"links": [
[
"call",
"call"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of an animal) to call, to make noise; e.g., a bird's singing"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of an animal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "なく"
},
{
"ipa": "[na̠kɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"word": "鳴く"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"鳴く"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "鳴く",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
"path": [
"鳴く"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "鳴く",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
"path": [
"鳴く"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "鳴く",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
"path": [
"鳴く"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "鳴く",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
"path": [
"鳴く"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "鳴く",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
"path": [
"鳴く"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "鳴く",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
"path": [
"鳴く"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "鳴く",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.