"鮎" meaning in Japanese

See 鮎 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Character

  1. ayu, sweetfish Tags: Jinmeiyō, kanji
    Sense id: en-鮎-ja-character--EsrstJ2 Categories (other): Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant alt parameters, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with multiple readings, Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Japanese terms with redundant transliterations, Kanji used for names Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 30 4 23 28 15 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant alt parameters: 29 4 25 25 17 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 29 4 25 25 17 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with multiple readings: 29 11 24 24 13 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations: 34 5 31 30 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 27 4 25 27 18 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant transliterations: 91 9 Disambiguation of Kanji used for names: 56 44
  2. catfish Tags: Jinmeiyō, kanji Categories (lifeform): Smelts
    Sense id: en-鮎-ja-character-nBiA-SKf Disambiguation of Smelts: 21 28 18 18 15 Categories (other): Japanese terms with multiple readings Disambiguation of Japanese terms with multiple readings: 29 11 24 24 13

Noun

IPA: [a̠jɯ̟ᵝ] Audio: LL-Q5287_(jpn)-Higa4-鮎.wav Forms: 鮎 [canonical] (ruby: 鮎(あゆ)), 鮎 [canonical] (ruby: 鮎(アユ)), ayu [romanization]
Etymology: From Old Japanese of uncertain derivation. * One commonly encountered etymology suggests that ayu may derive from 饗 (ae, “hosting someone to a meal”), in reference to the way that this fish may be used in Shinto offerings. However, this would have been pronounced ape in ancient times, and while this ape did later become ahe, and a shift from -he to -ye did occur in many terms during the Muromachi period, the word ayu in reference to the fish appeared in the Nihon Shoki (720 CE), and is thus too old for this shift to have occurred. * Another common etymology states that ayu may be from extinct Old Japanese term 落ゆ (ayu, “to fall, as nuts from a tree; to flow down, as liquid in a stream”), in reference to the way that ayu swim downstream to spawn in the autumn. Some references suggest that this is not very eventful and that this etymology is therefore unlikely. However, there are terms specific to the ayu downstream migration, such as 落鮎 (ochiayu, “ayu migrating downstream to spawn”) and 鮎落つ (ayuotsu, “ayu migrating downstream to spawn”), suggesting that this event has been culturally important enough that the 落ゆ (ayu) derivation may be plausible. * Alternatively, this term may be borrowed from Ainu アイ (ay, “arrow”) in reference to how fast the fish moves. See also obsolete Japanese reading ai below. The kanji spelling 鮎 in reference to sweetfish is specific to Japan, probably in reference to the way the fish (魚) stakes out its territory (占). There is another tale wherein Empress Jingū caught an ayu and thereby prophesied (also spelled 占) the outcome of a battle, but this is likely a folk etymology. In China and elsewhere, the 鮎 character refers instead to catfish. The kanji spelling 年魚 is in reference to the common one-year lifespan of this fish. The kanji spelling 香魚 is in reference to its sweet-tasting flesh. Etymology templates: {{wp|アユ|鮎|lang=ja}}, {{wp|Ayu}}, {{lang|ja|鮎}} 鮎, {{inh|ja|ojp|-|sort=あゆ}} Old Japanese, {{C.E.|nodots=1}} CE, {{CE}} CE, {{bor|ja|ain|アイ||arrow|sort=あゆ|tr=ay}} Ainu アイ (ay, “arrow”), {{lang|ja|鮎}} 鮎, {{ja-l/helper||鮎|}} 鮎, {{ja-l||鮎}} 鮎, {{ja-l/helper|魚||}} 魚, {{ja-l|魚}} 魚, {{ja-l/helper|占||}} 占, {{ja-l|占}} 占, {{lang|ja|占}} 占, {{ja-l/helper||占|}} 占, {{ja-l||占}} 占, {{lang|ja|鮎}} 鮎, {{ja-l/helper||鮎|}} 鮎, {{ja-l||鮎}} 鮎, {{ja-l/helper|年魚||}} 年魚, {{ja-l|年魚}} 年魚, {{ja-l/helper|香魚||}} 香魚, {{ja-l|香魚}} 香魚 Head templates: {{ja-noun|あゆ|アユ}} 鮎(あゆ) or 鮎(アユ) • (ayu)
  1. ayu or sweetfish (Plecoglossus altivelis) Synonyms: 香魚, 年魚
    Sense id: en-鮎-ja-noun-1tY2ahF8 Categories (other): Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant alt parameters, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with multiple readings, Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 30 4 23 28 15 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant alt parameters: 29 4 25 25 17 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 29 4 25 25 17 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with multiple readings: 29 11 24 24 13 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations: 34 5 31 30 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 27 4 25 27 18 Derived forms: 鮎掛: ayu catching: fishing for ayu with a hook and line (ayukake) (ruby: 鮎掛(あゆかけ)), 鮎寄: alternate for 鮎豆腐 (ayu-dōfu), below, 鮎擬: Parabotia curtus (ayumodoki) (english: formerly Leptobotia curta), kissing loach fish, a kind of dish made with tofu cut into long strips, sauteed in oil, then prepared with smartweed vinegar in a fashion similar to salt-roasted ayu, 鮎汲 (ayu kumi) (ruby: 鮎汲(あゆくみ)) (english: using a net on a pole to catch young ayu as they swim upstream in March or April), 鮎祭 (ayu matsuri) (ruby: 鮎祭(あゆまつり)) (english: a festival formerly held at Ise Shrine on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month), 鮎刺: alternate name for the 小鰺刺 (koajisashi) (ruby: 鮎刺(あゆさし)) (english: little tern), 鮎子: ayu fry (ayuko), a term of endearment for an ayu fish, 鮎鷹: alternate name for 小鰺刺 (koajisashi) (ruby: 鮎鷹(あゆたか)) (english: little tern), 鮎豆腐 (ayu-dōfu) (ruby: 鮎(あゆ), 豆腐(どうふ)) (english: ground ayu sandwiched between layers of strained tofu, placed on a wooden board, and steam), 鮎落つ: ayu migrating downstream to spawn (ayuotsu) (ruby: 鮎(あゆ), 落(お)), 鮎籠 (ayu kago) (ruby: 鮎籠(あゆかご)) (english: an ayu basket, made of bamboo with a narrow opening and bulging bottom, used in ancient times to trap ayu), 鮎鮨: a kind of sushi prepared by salting (ayuzushi), vinegaring a gutted and cleaned ayu fish, then presenting with its belly packed with rice, popular during the Edo period, 落鮎: ayu migrating downstream to spawn (ochiayu) (ruby: 落鮎(おちあゆ))
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Noun

IPA: [a̠i] Audio: LL-Q5287_(jpn)-higa4_kagoshima_(Higa4)-鮎.wav Forms: 鮎 [canonical] (ruby: 鮎(あい)), ai [romanization]
Etymology: Obsolete variant of ayu pronunciation. May have been the original pronunciation. Head templates: {{ja-noun|あい}} 鮎(あい) • (ai)
  1. (obsolete) ayu or sweetfish (Plecoglossus altivelis) Tags: obsolete Derived forms: 鮎並, 鮎魚女 (ainame) (ruby: 鮎並(あいなめ), 鮎(あい), 魚女(なめ)) (english: a greenling, a kind of marine fish, so named for its similarities to ayu), 鮎鷹: alternate name for 小鰺刺 (koajisashi) (ruby: 鮎鷹(あいたか)) (english: little tern)
    Sense id: en-鮎-ja-noun-1tY2ahF81 Categories (other): Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant alt parameters, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with multiple readings, Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 30 4 23 28 15 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant alt parameters: 29 4 25 25 17 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 29 4 25 25 17 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with multiple readings: 29 11 24 24 13 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations: 34 5 31 30 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 27 4 25 27 18
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Noun

IPA: [na̠ma̠zɨᵝ] Forms: 鮎 [canonical] (ruby: 鮎(なまず)), namazu [romanization], namadu [romanization], なまづ [hiragana, historical]
Etymology: The kanji spelling 鮎 in reference to sweetfish is specific to Japan. In China and elsewhere, the 鮎 character refers instead to catfish. See the 鯰 entry for more detail about the Japanese term namazu. Etymology templates: {{lang|ja|鮎}} 鮎, {{lang|ja|鮎}} 鮎, {{ja-l/helper|鯰||}} 鯰, {{ja-l|鯰}} 鯰 Head templates: {{ja-noun|なまず|hhira=なまづ}} 鮎(なまず) • (namazu) ^(←なまづ (namadu)?)
  1. Rare spelling of 鯰 (namazu): a catfish Tags: alt-of, rare Alternative form of: 鯰 (extra: (namazu): a catfish)
    Sense id: en-鮎-ja-noun-rF67j5L8 Categories (other): Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant alt parameters, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with multiple readings, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 30 4 23 28 15 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant alt parameters: 29 4 25 25 17 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 29 4 25 25 17 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with multiple readings: 29 11 24 24 13 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 27 4 25 27 18
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 3

Download JSON data for 鮎 meaning in Japanese (16.9kB)

{
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "30 4 23 28 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 4 25 25 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
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            "Entry maintenance"
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          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 4 25 25 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
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          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 11 24 24 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
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          "_dis": "34 5 31 30",
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          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
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            "Entry maintenance"
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          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 4 25 27 18",
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          "parents": [
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          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "91 9",
          "kind": "other",
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          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "56 44",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Kanji used for names",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ayu, sweetfish"
      ],
      "id": "en-鮎-ja-character--EsrstJ2",
      "links": [
        [
          "ayu",
          "ayu"
        ],
        [
          "sweetfish",
          "sweetfish"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Jinmeiyō",
        "kanji"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "29 11 24 24 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "21 28 18 18 15",
          "kind": "lifeform",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Smelts",
          "orig": "ja:Smelts",
          "parents": [
            "Fish",
            "Vertebrates",
            "Chordates",
            "Animals",
            "Lifeforms",
            "All topics",
            "Life",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nature"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "catfish"
      ],
      "id": "en-鮎-ja-character-nBiA-SKf",
      "links": [
        [
          "catfish",
          "catfish"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Jinmeiyō",
        "kanji"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "鮎"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "アユ",
        "2": "鮎",
        "lang": "ja"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "wp"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Ayu"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "wp"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "鮎"
      },
      "expansion": "鮎",
      "name": "lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ojp",
        "3": "-",
        "sort": "あゆ"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "nodots": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "CE",
      "name": "C.E."
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "CE",
      "name": "CE"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ain",
        "3": "アイ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "arrow",
        "sort": "あゆ",
        "tr": "ay"
      },
      "expansion": "Ainu アイ (ay, “arrow”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "鮎"
      },
      "expansion": "鮎",
      "name": "lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "鮎",
        "3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "鮎",
      "name": "ja-l/helper"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "鮎"
      },
      "expansion": "鮎",
      "name": "ja-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "魚",
        "2": "",
        "3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "魚",
      "name": "ja-l/helper"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "魚"
      },
      "expansion": "魚",
      "name": "ja-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "占",
        "2": "",
        "3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "占",
      "name": "ja-l/helper"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "占"
      },
      "expansion": "占",
      "name": "ja-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "占"
      },
      "expansion": "占",
      "name": "lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "占",
        "3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "占",
      "name": "ja-l/helper"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "占"
      },
      "expansion": "占",
      "name": "ja-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "鮎"
      },
      "expansion": "鮎",
      "name": "lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "鮎",
        "3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "鮎",
      "name": "ja-l/helper"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "鮎"
      },
      "expansion": "鮎",
      "name": "ja-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "年魚",
        "2": "",
        "3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "年魚",
      "name": "ja-l/helper"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "年魚"
      },
      "expansion": "年魚",
      "name": "ja-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "香魚",
        "2": "",
        "3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "香魚",
      "name": "ja-l/helper"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "香魚"
      },
      "expansion": "香魚",
      "name": "ja-l"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Japanese of uncertain derivation.\n* One commonly encountered etymology suggests that ayu may derive from 饗 (ae, “hosting someone to a meal”), in reference to the way that this fish may be used in Shinto offerings. However, this would have been pronounced ape in ancient times, and while this ape did later become ahe, and a shift from -he to -ye did occur in many terms during the Muromachi period, the word ayu in reference to the fish appeared in the Nihon Shoki (720 CE), and is thus too old for this shift to have occurred.\n* Another common etymology states that ayu may be from extinct Old Japanese term 落ゆ (ayu, “to fall, as nuts from a tree; to flow down, as liquid in a stream”), in reference to the way that ayu swim downstream to spawn in the autumn. Some references suggest that this is not very eventful and that this etymology is therefore unlikely. However, there are terms specific to the ayu downstream migration, such as 落鮎 (ochiayu, “ayu migrating downstream to spawn”) and 鮎落つ (ayuotsu, “ayu migrating downstream to spawn”), suggesting that this event has been culturally important enough that the 落ゆ (ayu) derivation may be plausible.\n* Alternatively, this term may be borrowed from Ainu アイ (ay, “arrow”) in reference to how fast the fish moves. See also obsolete Japanese reading ai below.\nThe kanji spelling 鮎 in reference to sweetfish is specific to Japan, probably in reference to the way the fish (魚) stakes out its territory (占). There is another tale wherein Empress Jingū caught an ayu and thereby prophesied (also spelled 占) the outcome of a battle, but this is likely a folk etymology. In China and elsewhere, the 鮎 character refers instead to catfish.\nThe kanji spelling 年魚 is in reference to the common one-year lifespan of this fish.\nThe kanji spelling 香魚 is in reference to its sweet-tasting flesh.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "鮎",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "鮎",
          "あゆ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "鮎",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "鮎",
          "アユ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ayu",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "あゆ",
        "2": "アユ"
      },
      "expansion": "鮎(あゆ) or 鮎(アユ) • (ayu)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "30 4 23 28 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 4 25 25 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 4 25 25 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 11 24 24 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "34 5 31 30",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 4 25 27 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "roman": "ayukake",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "鮎掛",
              "あゆかけ"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "鮎掛: ayu catching: fishing for ayu with a hook and line"
        },
        {
          "roman": "ayu-dōfu",
          "word": "鮎寄: alternate for 鮎豆腐"
        },
        {
          "word": "below"
        },
        {
          "english": "formerly Leptobotia curta",
          "roman": "ayumodoki",
          "word": "鮎擬: Parabotia curtus"
        },
        {
          "word": "kissing loach fish"
        },
        {
          "word": "a kind of dish made with tofu cut into long strips"
        },
        {
          "word": "sauteed in oil"
        },
        {
          "word": "then prepared with smartweed vinegar in a fashion similar to salt-roasted ayu"
        },
        {
          "english": "using a net on a pole to catch young ayu as they swim upstream in March or April",
          "roman": "ayu kumi",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "鮎汲",
              "あゆくみ"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "鮎汲"
        },
        {
          "english": "a festival formerly held at Ise Shrine on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month",
          "roman": "ayu matsuri",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "鮎祭",
              "あゆまつり"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "鮎祭"
        },
        {
          "english": "little tern",
          "roman": "koajisashi",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "鮎刺",
              "あゆさし"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "鮎刺: alternate name for the 小鰺刺"
        },
        {
          "roman": "ayuko",
          "word": "鮎子: ayu fry"
        },
        {
          "word": "a term of endearment for an ayu fish"
        },
        {
          "english": "little tern",
          "roman": "koajisashi",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "鮎鷹",
              "あゆたか"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "鮎鷹: alternate name for 小鰺刺"
        },
        {
          "english": "ground ayu sandwiched between layers of strained tofu, placed on a wooden board, and steam",
          "roman": "ayu-dōfu",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "鮎",
              "あゆ"
            ],
            [
              "豆腐",
              "どうふ"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "鮎豆腐"
        },
        {
          "roman": "ayuotsu",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "鮎",
              "あゆ"
            ],
            [
              "落",
              "お"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "鮎落つ: ayu migrating downstream to spawn"
        },
        {
          "english": "an ayu basket, made of bamboo with a narrow opening and bulging bottom, used in ancient times to trap ayu",
          "roman": "ayu kago",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "鮎籠",
              "あゆかご"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "鮎籠"
        },
        {
          "roman": "ayuzushi",
          "word": "鮎鮨: a kind of sushi prepared by salting"
        },
        {
          "word": "vinegaring a gutted and cleaned ayu fish"
        },
        {
          "word": "then presenting with its belly packed with rice"
        },
        {
          "word": "popular during the Edo period"
        },
        {
          "roman": "ochiayu",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "落鮎",
              "おちあゆ"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "落鮎: ayu migrating downstream to spawn"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "720, Nihon Shoki (poem 126/129)",
          "roman": "mi-Eshino no Eshino no ayu ayu koso wa shimabe mo eki e kurushie nagi no moto seri no moto are wa kurushie",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "美曳之弩能",
              "み𛀁しのの"
            ],
            [
              "曳之弩能",
              "𛀁しのの"
            ],
            [
              "阿喩",
              "あゆ"
            ],
            [
              "阿喩",
              "あゆ"
            ],
            [
              "舉曾播",
              "こそは"
            ],
            [
              "施麻倍母曳岐",
              "しまへも𛀁き"
            ],
            [
              "愛俱流之衛",
              "えくるしゑ"
            ],
            [
              "奈疑能母縢",
              "なぎのもと"
            ],
            [
              "制利能母縢",
              "せりのもと"
            ],
            [
              "阿例播俱流之衛",
              "あれはくるしゑ"
            ],
            [
              "吉",
              "えし"
            ],
            [
              "野",
              "の"
            ],
            [
              "吉",
              "えし"
            ],
            [
              "野",
              "の"
            ],
            [
              "鮎鮎",
              "あゆあゆ"
            ],
            [
              "島",
              "しま"
            ],
            [
              "辺",
              "べ"
            ],
            [
              "良",
              "え"
            ],
            [
              "苦",
              "くる"
            ],
            [
              "水葱",
              "なぎ"
            ],
            [
              "本",
              "もと"
            ],
            [
              "芹",
              "せり"
            ],
            [
              "本",
              "もと"
            ],
            [
              "苦",
              "くる"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "美曳之弩能曳之弩能阿喩阿喩舉曾播施麻倍母曳岐愛俱流之衛奈疑能母縢制利能母縢阿例播俱流之衛 [Man'yōgana]\nみ吉野の吉野の鮎鮎こそは島辺も良きえ苦しゑ水葱の本芹の本あれは苦しゑ [Modern spelling]"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ayu or sweetfish (Plecoglossus altivelis)"
      ],
      "id": "en-鮎-ja-noun-1tY2ahF8",
      "links": [
        [
          "ayu",
          "ayu"
        ],
        [
          "sweetfish",
          "sweetfish"
        ],
        [
          "Plecoglossus altivelis",
          "Plecoglossus altivelis#Translingual"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "香魚"
        },
        {
          "word": "年魚"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "あゆ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[a̠jɯ̟ᵝ]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q5287_(jpn)-Higa4-鮎.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fd/LL-Q5287_%28jpn%29-Higa4-%E9%AE%8E.wav/LL-Q5287_%28jpn%29-Higa4-%E9%AE%8E.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fd/LL-Q5287_%28jpn%29-Higa4-%E9%AE%8E.wav/LL-Q5287_%28jpn%29-Higa4-%E9%AE%8E.wav.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Edo period",
    "Empress Jingū",
    "Ise Shrine",
    "Muromachi period",
    "Nihon Shoki",
    "Old Japanese"
  ],
  "word": "鮎"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_text": "Obsolete variant of ayu pronunciation. May have been the original pronunciation.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "鮎",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "鮎",
          "あい"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ai",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "あい"
      },
      "expansion": "鮎(あい) • (ai)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "30 4 23 28 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 4 25 25 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 4 25 25 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 11 24 24 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "34 5 31 30",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 4 25 27 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "english": "a greenling, a kind of marine fish, so named for its similarities to ayu",
          "roman": "ainame",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "鮎並",
              "あいなめ"
            ],
            [
              "鮎",
              "あい"
            ],
            [
              "魚女",
              "なめ"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "鮎並, 鮎魚女"
        },
        {
          "english": "little tern",
          "roman": "koajisashi",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "鮎鷹",
              "あいたか"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "鮎鷹: alternate name for 小鰺刺"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ayu or sweetfish (Plecoglossus altivelis)"
      ],
      "id": "en-鮎-ja-noun-1tY2ahF81",
      "links": [
        [
          "ayu",
          "ayu"
        ],
        [
          "sweetfish",
          "sweetfish"
        ],
        [
          "Plecoglossus altivelis",
          "Plecoglossus altivelis#Translingual"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) ayu or sweetfish (Plecoglossus altivelis)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[a̠i]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q5287_(jpn)-higa4_kagoshima_(Higa4)-鮎.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0f/LL-Q5287_%28jpn%29-higa4_kagoshima_%28Higa4%29-%E9%AE%8E.wav/LL-Q5287_%28jpn%29-higa4_kagoshima_%28Higa4%29-%E9%AE%8E.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0f/LL-Q5287_%28jpn%29-higa4_kagoshima_%28Higa4%29-%E9%AE%8E.wav/LL-Q5287_%28jpn%29-higa4_kagoshima_%28Higa4%29-%E9%AE%8E.wav.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "鮎"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "鮎"
      },
      "expansion": "鮎",
      "name": "lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "鮎"
      },
      "expansion": "鮎",
      "name": "lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "鯰",
        "2": "",
        "3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "鯰",
      "name": "ja-l/helper"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "鯰"
      },
      "expansion": "鯰",
      "name": "ja-l"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "The kanji spelling 鮎 in reference to sweetfish is specific to Japan. In China and elsewhere, the 鮎 character refers instead to catfish. See the 鯰 entry for more detail about the Japanese term namazu.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "鮎",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "鮎",
          "なまず"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "namazu",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "namadu",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "なまづ",
      "roman": "namadu",
      "tags": [
        "hiragana",
        "historical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "なまず",
        "hhira": "なまづ"
      },
      "expansion": "鮎(なまず) • (namazu) ^(←なまづ (namadu)?)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "(namazu): a catfish",
          "word": "鯰"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "30 4 23 28 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 4 25 25 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 4 25 25 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 11 24 24 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 4 25 27 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Rare spelling of 鯰 (namazu): a catfish"
      ],
      "id": "en-鮎-ja-noun-rF67j5L8",
      "links": [
        [
          "鯰",
          "鯰#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "catfish",
          "catfish"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "なまず"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[na̠ma̠zɨᵝ]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "鮎"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese Han characters",
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese kanji with ancient goon reading ねむ",
    "Japanese kanji with ancient kan'on reading でむ",
    "Japanese kanji with goon reading ねん",
    "Japanese kanji with historical goon reading ねん",
    "Japanese kanji with historical kan'on reading でん",
    "Japanese kanji with historical kun reading なまづ",
    "Japanese kanji with kan'on reading でん",
    "Japanese kanji with kun reading あい",
    "Japanese kanji with kun reading あゆ",
    "Japanese kanji with kun reading なまず",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese single-kanji terms",
    "Japanese terms historically spelled with づ",
    "Japanese terms spelled with jinmeiyō kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with 鮎",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
    "Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
    "Kanji used for names",
    "ja:Smelts"
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "ayu, sweetfish"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ayu",
          "ayu"
        ],
        [
          "sweetfish",
          "sweetfish"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Jinmeiyō",
        "kanji"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "catfish"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "catfish",
          "catfish"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Jinmeiyō",
        "kanji"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "鮎"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa",
    "Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese single-kanji terms",
    "Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
    "Japanese terms historically spelled with づ",
    "Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
    "Japanese terms spelled with jinmeiyō kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with 鮎",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with audio links",
    "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
    "ja:Smelts"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "ayukake",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "鮎掛",
          "あゆかけ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "鮎掛: ayu catching: fishing for ayu with a hook and line"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ayu-dōfu",
      "word": "鮎寄: alternate for 鮎豆腐"
    },
    {
      "word": "below"
    },
    {
      "english": "formerly Leptobotia curta",
      "roman": "ayumodoki",
      "word": "鮎擬: Parabotia curtus"
    },
    {
      "word": "kissing loach fish"
    },
    {
      "word": "a kind of dish made with tofu cut into long strips"
    },
    {
      "word": "sauteed in oil"
    },
    {
      "word": "then prepared with smartweed vinegar in a fashion similar to salt-roasted ayu"
    },
    {
      "english": "using a net on a pole to catch young ayu as they swim upstream in March or April",
      "roman": "ayu kumi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "鮎汲",
          "あゆくみ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "鮎汲"
    },
    {
      "english": "a festival formerly held at Ise Shrine on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month",
      "roman": "ayu matsuri",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "鮎祭",
          "あゆまつり"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "鮎祭"
    },
    {
      "english": "little tern",
      "roman": "koajisashi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "鮎刺",
          "あゆさし"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "鮎刺: alternate name for the 小鰺刺"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ayuko",
      "word": "鮎子: ayu fry"
    },
    {
      "word": "a term of endearment for an ayu fish"
    },
    {
      "english": "little tern",
      "roman": "koajisashi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "鮎鷹",
          "あゆたか"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "鮎鷹: alternate name for 小鰺刺"
    },
    {
      "english": "ground ayu sandwiched between layers of strained tofu, placed on a wooden board, and steam",
      "roman": "ayu-dōfu",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "鮎",
          "あゆ"
        ],
        [
          "豆腐",
          "どうふ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "鮎豆腐"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ayuotsu",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "鮎",
          "あゆ"
        ],
        [
          "落",
          "お"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "鮎落つ: ayu migrating downstream to spawn"
    },
    {
      "english": "an ayu basket, made of bamboo with a narrow opening and bulging bottom, used in ancient times to trap ayu",
      "roman": "ayu kago",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "鮎籠",
          "あゆかご"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "鮎籠"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ayuzushi",
      "word": "鮎鮨: a kind of sushi prepared by salting"
    },
    {
      "word": "vinegaring a gutted and cleaned ayu fish"
    },
    {
      "word": "then presenting with its belly packed with rice"
    },
    {
      "word": "popular during the Edo period"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ochiayu",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "落鮎",
          "おちあゆ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "落鮎: ayu migrating downstream to spawn"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "アユ",
        "2": "鮎",
        "lang": "ja"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "wp"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Ayu"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "wp"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "鮎"
      },
      "expansion": "鮎",
      "name": "lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ojp",
        "3": "-",
        "sort": "あゆ"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "nodots": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "CE",
      "name": "C.E."
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "CE",
      "name": "CE"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ain",
        "3": "アイ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "arrow",
        "sort": "あゆ",
        "tr": "ay"
      },
      "expansion": "Ainu アイ (ay, “arrow”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "鮎"
      },
      "expansion": "鮎",
      "name": "lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "鮎",
        "3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "鮎",
      "name": "ja-l/helper"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "鮎"
      },
      "expansion": "鮎",
      "name": "ja-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "魚",
        "2": "",
        "3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "魚",
      "name": "ja-l/helper"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "魚"
      },
      "expansion": "魚",
      "name": "ja-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "占",
        "2": "",
        "3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "占",
      "name": "ja-l/helper"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "占"
      },
      "expansion": "占",
      "name": "ja-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "占"
      },
      "expansion": "占",
      "name": "lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "占",
        "3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "占",
      "name": "ja-l/helper"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "占"
      },
      "expansion": "占",
      "name": "ja-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "鮎"
      },
      "expansion": "鮎",
      "name": "lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "鮎",
        "3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "鮎",
      "name": "ja-l/helper"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "鮎"
      },
      "expansion": "鮎",
      "name": "ja-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "年魚",
        "2": "",
        "3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "年魚",
      "name": "ja-l/helper"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "年魚"
      },
      "expansion": "年魚",
      "name": "ja-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "香魚",
        "2": "",
        "3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "香魚",
      "name": "ja-l/helper"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "香魚"
      },
      "expansion": "香魚",
      "name": "ja-l"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Japanese of uncertain derivation.\n* One commonly encountered etymology suggests that ayu may derive from 饗 (ae, “hosting someone to a meal”), in reference to the way that this fish may be used in Shinto offerings. However, this would have been pronounced ape in ancient times, and while this ape did later become ahe, and a shift from -he to -ye did occur in many terms during the Muromachi period, the word ayu in reference to the fish appeared in the Nihon Shoki (720 CE), and is thus too old for this shift to have occurred.\n* Another common etymology states that ayu may be from extinct Old Japanese term 落ゆ (ayu, “to fall, as nuts from a tree; to flow down, as liquid in a stream”), in reference to the way that ayu swim downstream to spawn in the autumn. Some references suggest that this is not very eventful and that this etymology is therefore unlikely. However, there are terms specific to the ayu downstream migration, such as 落鮎 (ochiayu, “ayu migrating downstream to spawn”) and 鮎落つ (ayuotsu, “ayu migrating downstream to spawn”), suggesting that this event has been culturally important enough that the 落ゆ (ayu) derivation may be plausible.\n* Alternatively, this term may be borrowed from Ainu アイ (ay, “arrow”) in reference to how fast the fish moves. See also obsolete Japanese reading ai below.\nThe kanji spelling 鮎 in reference to sweetfish is specific to Japan, probably in reference to the way the fish (魚) stakes out its territory (占). There is another tale wherein Empress Jingū caught an ayu and thereby prophesied (also spelled 占) the outcome of a battle, but this is likely a folk etymology. In China and elsewhere, the 鮎 character refers instead to catfish.\nThe kanji spelling 年魚 is in reference to the common one-year lifespan of this fish.\nThe kanji spelling 香魚 is in reference to its sweet-tasting flesh.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "鮎",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "鮎",
          "あゆ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "鮎",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "鮎",
          "アユ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ayu",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "あゆ",
        "2": "アユ"
      },
      "expansion": "鮎(あゆ) or 鮎(アユ) • (ayu)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with usage examples",
        "Requests for translations of Japanese usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "720, Nihon Shoki (poem 126/129)",
          "roman": "mi-Eshino no Eshino no ayu ayu koso wa shimabe mo eki e kurushie nagi no moto seri no moto are wa kurushie",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "美曳之弩能",
              "み𛀁しのの"
            ],
            [
              "曳之弩能",
              "𛀁しのの"
            ],
            [
              "阿喩",
              "あゆ"
            ],
            [
              "阿喩",
              "あゆ"
            ],
            [
              "舉曾播",
              "こそは"
            ],
            [
              "施麻倍母曳岐",
              "しまへも𛀁き"
            ],
            [
              "愛俱流之衛",
              "えくるしゑ"
            ],
            [
              "奈疑能母縢",
              "なぎのもと"
            ],
            [
              "制利能母縢",
              "せりのもと"
            ],
            [
              "阿例播俱流之衛",
              "あれはくるしゑ"
            ],
            [
              "吉",
              "えし"
            ],
            [
              "野",
              "の"
            ],
            [
              "吉",
              "えし"
            ],
            [
              "野",
              "の"
            ],
            [
              "鮎鮎",
              "あゆあゆ"
            ],
            [
              "島",
              "しま"
            ],
            [
              "辺",
              "べ"
            ],
            [
              "良",
              "え"
            ],
            [
              "苦",
              "くる"
            ],
            [
              "水葱",
              "なぎ"
            ],
            [
              "本",
              "もと"
            ],
            [
              "芹",
              "せり"
            ],
            [
              "本",
              "もと"
            ],
            [
              "苦",
              "くる"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "美曳之弩能曳之弩能阿喩阿喩舉曾播施麻倍母曳岐愛俱流之衛奈疑能母縢制利能母縢阿例播俱流之衛 [Man'yōgana]\nみ吉野の吉野の鮎鮎こそは島辺も良きえ苦しゑ水葱の本芹の本あれは苦しゑ [Modern spelling]"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ayu or sweetfish (Plecoglossus altivelis)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ayu",
          "ayu"
        ],
        [
          "sweetfish",
          "sweetfish"
        ],
        [
          "Plecoglossus altivelis",
          "Plecoglossus altivelis#Translingual"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "香魚"
        },
        {
          "word": "年魚"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "あゆ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[a̠jɯ̟ᵝ]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q5287_(jpn)-Higa4-鮎.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fd/LL-Q5287_%28jpn%29-Higa4-%E9%AE%8E.wav/LL-Q5287_%28jpn%29-Higa4-%E9%AE%8E.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fd/LL-Q5287_%28jpn%29-Higa4-%E9%AE%8E.wav/LL-Q5287_%28jpn%29-Higa4-%E9%AE%8E.wav.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "年魚"
    },
    {
      "word": "香魚"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Edo period",
    "Empress Jingū",
    "Ise Shrine",
    "Muromachi period",
    "Nihon Shoki",
    "Old Japanese"
  ],
  "word": "鮎"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese single-kanji terms",
    "Japanese terms historically spelled with づ",
    "Japanese terms spelled with jinmeiyō kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with 鮎",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with audio links",
    "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
    "ja:Smelts"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "a greenling, a kind of marine fish, so named for its similarities to ayu",
      "roman": "ainame",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "鮎並",
          "あいなめ"
        ],
        [
          "鮎",
          "あい"
        ],
        [
          "魚女",
          "なめ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "鮎並, 鮎魚女"
    },
    {
      "english": "little tern",
      "roman": "koajisashi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "鮎鷹",
          "あいたか"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "鮎鷹: alternate name for 小鰺刺"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_text": "Obsolete variant of ayu pronunciation. May have been the original pronunciation.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "鮎",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "鮎",
          "あい"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ai",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "あい"
      },
      "expansion": "鮎(あい) • (ai)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "Japanese terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ayu or sweetfish (Plecoglossus altivelis)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ayu",
          "ayu"
        ],
        [
          "sweetfish",
          "sweetfish"
        ],
        [
          "Plecoglossus altivelis",
          "Plecoglossus altivelis#Translingual"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) ayu or sweetfish (Plecoglossus altivelis)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[a̠i]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q5287_(jpn)-higa4_kagoshima_(Higa4)-鮎.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0f/LL-Q5287_%28jpn%29-higa4_kagoshima_%28Higa4%29-%E9%AE%8E.wav/LL-Q5287_%28jpn%29-higa4_kagoshima_%28Higa4%29-%E9%AE%8E.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0f/LL-Q5287_%28jpn%29-higa4_kagoshima_%28Higa4%29-%E9%AE%8E.wav/LL-Q5287_%28jpn%29-higa4_kagoshima_%28Higa4%29-%E9%AE%8E.wav.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "鮎"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese single-kanji terms",
    "Japanese terms historically spelled with づ",
    "Japanese terms spelled with jinmeiyō kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with 鮎",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
    "ja:Smelts"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "鮎"
      },
      "expansion": "鮎",
      "name": "lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "鮎"
      },
      "expansion": "鮎",
      "name": "lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "鯰",
        "2": "",
        "3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "鯰",
      "name": "ja-l/helper"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "鯰"
      },
      "expansion": "鯰",
      "name": "ja-l"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "The kanji spelling 鮎 in reference to sweetfish is specific to Japan. In China and elsewhere, the 鮎 character refers instead to catfish. See the 鯰 entry for more detail about the Japanese term namazu.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "鮎",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "鮎",
          "なまず"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "namazu",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "namadu",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "なまづ",
      "roman": "namadu",
      "tags": [
        "hiragana",
        "historical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "なまず",
        "hhira": "なまづ"
      },
      "expansion": "鮎(なまず) • (namazu) ^(←なまづ (namadu)?)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "(namazu): a catfish",
          "word": "鯰"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Japanese rare forms",
        "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Rare spelling of 鯰 (namazu): a catfish"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "鯰",
          "鯰#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "catfish",
          "catfish"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "なまず"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[na̠ma̠zɨᵝ]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "鮎"
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "鮎"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "鮎",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "鮎"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "鮎",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/304",
  "msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
  "path": [
    "鮎"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "鮎",
  "trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "鮎"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "鮎",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (46b31b8 and c7ea76d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.