See 馬鹿 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "sa",
"3": "मोह",
"4": "",
"5": "folly"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit मोह (moha, “folly”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "modern"
},
"expansion": "modern",
"name": "upright"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "痴",
"4": "",
"5": "stupidity, ridiculousness",
"tr": "woko, modern oko"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese 痴 (woko, modern oko, “stupidity, ridiculousness”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "馬鹿"
},
"expansion": "はか'",
"name": "sortkey"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ateji (当て字)",
"name": "ja-ateji"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lzh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Literary Chinese",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*指鹿為馬",
"lit": "to point to a deer and call it a horse",
"t": "to deliberately misinterpret and invert right and wrong"
},
"expansion": "指鹿為馬 (“to deliberately misinterpret and invert right and wrong”, literally “to point to a deer and call it a horse”)",
"name": "zh-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably originally a transcription of Sanskrit मोह (moha, “folly”), used as a cant term among monks.\nAlternatively, may have arisen from the same root as Old Japanese 痴 (woko, modern oko, “stupidity, ridiculousness”). However, this theory is problematic phonologically, as the /b/ ↔ /w/ shift is difficult to explain.\nThe characters 馬鹿 (literally “horse + deer”) are ateji (当て字), probably chosen as an allusion to Literary Chinese 指鹿為馬 (“to deliberately misinterpret and invert right and wrong”, literally “to point to a deer and call it a horse”) (see that entry for more).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "馬鹿",
"ruby": [
[
"馬",
"ば"
],
[
"鹿",
"か"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿",
"ruby": [
[
"馬鹿",
"バカ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "baka",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿な",
"roman": "baka na",
"ruby": [
[
"馬",
"ば"
],
[
"鹿",
"か"
]
],
"tags": [
"adnominal"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿に",
"roman": "baka ni",
"ruby": [
[
"馬",
"ば"
],
[
"鹿",
"か"
]
],
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-na",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿だろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ばかだろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "baka daro",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿で",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ばかで",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "baka de",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿だ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "ばかだ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "baka da",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿な",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ばかな",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "baka na",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿なら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ばかなら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "baka nara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿であれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ばかであれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "baka de are",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿ではない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿じゃない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ばかではない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ばかじゃない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "baka de wa nai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "baka ja nai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿だった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ばかだった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "baka datta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿ではなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿じゃなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ばかではなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ばかじゃなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "baka de wa nakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "baka ja nakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿です",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "ばかです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "baka desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿ではありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿じゃありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ばかではありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ばかじゃありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "baka de wa arimasen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "baka ja arimasen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿でした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ばかでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "baka deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿ではありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿じゃありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ばかではありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ばかじゃありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "baka de wa arimasen deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "baka ja arimasen deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿で",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ばかで",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "baka de",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿なら（ば）",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "ばかなら（ば）",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "baka nara (ba)",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿だったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ばかだったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "baka dattara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿だろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "ばかだろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "baka darō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿に",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "ばかに",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "baka ni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿さ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "ばかさ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "bakasa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ばか",
"2": "バカ",
"infl": "na"
},
"expansion": "馬(ば)鹿(か) or 馬鹿(バカ) • (baka) -na (adnominal 馬(ば)鹿(か)な (baka na), adverbial 馬(ば)鹿(か)に (baka ni))",
"name": "ja-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"adverbial": ". に",
"attributive": ". な",
"conditional": ". なら（ば）",
"conjunctive": ". で",
"continuative": ". で",
"degree": "さ",
"formal": ". です",
"formal_negative": ". で は ありません",
"formal_negative2": ". じゃ ありません",
"formal_negative_past": ". で は ありません でした",
"formal_negative_past2": ". じゃ ありません でした",
"formal_past": ". でした",
"hypothetical": ". なら",
"imperative": ". で あれ",
"imperfective": ". だろ",
"informal_negative": ". で は ない",
"informal_negative2": ". じゃ ない",
"informal_negative_past": ". で は なかった",
"informal_negative_past2": ". じゃ なかった",
"informal_past": ". だった",
"kana": "ばか",
"lemma": "馬鹿",
"provisional": ". だったら",
"terminal": ". だ",
"volitional": ". だろう"
},
"name": "ja-adj-infl"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I did something stupid.",
"roman": "Baka na koto shichatta na.",
"ruby": [
[
"馬鹿",
"ばか"
]
],
"text": "馬鹿なことしちゃったな。",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Don't be silly. Don't say such stupid things.",
"roman": "Baka na koto o iu-na.",
"ruby": [
[
"馬鹿",
"ばか"
],
[
"言",
"い"
]
],
"text": "馬鹿なことを言うな。",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"foolish, idiotic, stupid, ridiculous"
],
"id": "en-馬鹿-ja-adj-F0KXeEdE",
"links": [
[
"foolish",
"foolish"
],
[
"idiotic",
"idiotic"
],
[
"stupid",
"stupid"
],
[
"ridiculous",
"ridiculous"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"useless, futile"
],
"id": "en-馬鹿-ja-adj-RHVRWJNy",
"links": [
[
"useless",
"useless"
],
[
"futile",
"futile"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ばか"
},
{
"ipa": "[ba̠ka̠]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Kōjien",
"Nihon Kokugo Daijiten",
"Shinmura Izuru",
"ja:馬鹿"
],
"word": "馬鹿"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "Mactra chinensis, a type of bivalve shellfish",
"roman": "bakagai",
"ruby": [
[
"馬",
"ば"
],
[
"鹿",
"か"
],
[
"貝",
"がい"
]
],
"word": "馬鹿貝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "stupid, ridiculous",
"roman": "bakabakashii",
"ruby": [
[
"馬",
"ば"
],
[
"鹿",
"か"
],
[
"馬",
"ば"
],
[
"鹿",
"か"
]
],
"word": "馬鹿馬鹿しい"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "bakajikara",
"ruby": [
[
"馬",
"ば"
],
[
"鹿",
"か"
],
[
"力",
"ぢから"
]
],
"word": "馬鹿力"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "baka yarō",
"ruby": [
[
"馬",
"ば"
],
[
"鹿",
"か"
],
[
"野",
"や"
],
[
"郎",
"ろう"
]
],
"word": "馬鹿野郎"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "sakura kiru baka ume kiranu baka",
"ruby": [
[
"桜伐",
"さくらき"
],
[
"馬鹿梅伐",
"ばかうめき"
],
[
"馬鹿",
"ばか"
]
],
"word": "桜伐る馬鹿梅伐らぬ馬鹿"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "baka ni naranai",
"ruby": [
[
"馬鹿",
"ばか"
]
],
"word": "馬鹿にならない"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "wāpuro baka",
"ruby": [
[
"馬鹿",
"ばか"
]
],
"word": "ワープロ馬鹿"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "bakageru",
"ruby": [
[
"馬鹿",
"ばか"
]
],
"word": "馬鹿げる"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "bakageta",
"ruby": [
[
"馬鹿",
"ばか"
]
],
"word": "馬鹿げた"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "bakaomiru",
"ruby": [
[
"馬鹿",
"ばか"
],
[
"見",
"み"
]
],
"word": "馬鹿を見る"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "bakawarai",
"ruby": [
[
"馬鹿笑",
"ばかわら"
]
],
"word": "馬鹿笑い"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gakushabaka",
"ruby": [
[
"学者馬鹿",
"がくしゃばか"
]
],
"word": "学者馬鹿"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "kobaka",
"ruby": [
[
"小馬鹿",
"こばか"
]
],
"word": "小馬鹿"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "bakashōjiki",
"ruby": [
[
"馬鹿正直",
"ばかしょうじき"
]
],
"word": "馬鹿正直"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "bakaonna",
"ruby": [
[
"馬鹿女",
"ばかおんな"
]
],
"word": "馬鹿女"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "ōbakamono",
"ruby": [
[
"大馬鹿者",
"おおばかもの"
]
],
"word": "大馬鹿者"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "bakateinei",
"ruby": [
[
"馬鹿丁寧",
"ばかていねい"
]
],
"word": "馬鹿丁寧"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "八嘎",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "bāga"
},
"expansion": "→ Chinese: 八嘎 (bāga)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Chinese: 八嘎 (bāga)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "baka",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: baka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: baka"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "빠가",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 빠가 (ppaga)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Korean: 빠가 (ppaga)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "sa",
"3": "मोह",
"4": "",
"5": "folly"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit मोह (moha, “folly”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "modern"
},
"expansion": "modern",
"name": "upright"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "痴",
"4": "",
"5": "stupidity, ridiculousness",
"tr": "woko, modern oko"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese 痴 (woko, modern oko, “stupidity, ridiculousness”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "馬鹿"
},
"expansion": "はか'",
"name": "sortkey"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ateji (当て字)",
"name": "ja-ateji"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lzh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Literary Chinese",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*指鹿為馬",
"lit": "to point to a deer and call it a horse",
"t": "to deliberately misinterpret and invert right and wrong"
},
"expansion": "指鹿為馬 (“to deliberately misinterpret and invert right and wrong”, literally “to point to a deer and call it a horse”)",
"name": "zh-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably originally a transcription of Sanskrit मोह (moha, “folly”), used as a cant term among monks.\nAlternatively, may have arisen from the same root as Old Japanese 痴 (woko, modern oko, “stupidity, ridiculousness”). However, this theory is problematic phonologically, as the /b/ ↔ /w/ shift is difficult to explain.\nThe characters 馬鹿 (literally “horse + deer”) are ateji (当て字), probably chosen as an allusion to Literary Chinese 指鹿為馬 (“to deliberately misinterpret and invert right and wrong”, literally “to point to a deer and call it a horse”) (see that entry for more).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "馬鹿",
"ruby": [
[
"馬",
"ば"
],
[
"鹿",
"か"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿",
"ruby": [
[
"馬鹿",
"バカ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "baka",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ばか",
"2": "バカ"
},
"expansion": "馬(ば)鹿(か) or 馬鹿(バカ) • (baka)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 55 37 3 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I was foolish to think this was a love song",
"roman": "rabu songu da to omotta boku ga baka datta",
"ruby": [
[
"思",
"おも"
],
[
"僕",
"ぼく"
],
[
"馬鹿",
"ばか"
]
],
"text": "ラブソングだと思った僕が馬鹿だった",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "I disagree! Who would approve such a nonsensical idea⁉ And stop saying ‘learned’! It’s ‘learnt’, not ‘learned’, you fool!",
"ref": "2008 April 20 [2008 March 31], Hidekaz Himaruya, “Meeting of the World”, in Axis Powers ヘタリア [Axis Powers Hetalia], 3rd edition, volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Gentosha, →ISBN:",
"roman": "Ore wa hantai da! Sonna genjitsumi no nai an sansei dekiru ka! Sore to learned tte iu na! Nan da yo learned tte learnt da baka!",
"ruby": [
[
"俺",
"おれ"
],
[
"反対",
"はんたい"
],
[
"現実味",
"げんじつみ"
],
[
"案賛成",
"あんさんせい"
],
[
"言",
"い"
],
[
"何",
"なん"
]
],
"text": "俺は反対だ！そんな現実味のない案賛成できるか！それとlearnedって言うな！何だよlearnedってlearntだバカ！",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "They say idiots never get colds, ri…",
"ref": "2006 November 7, Hideaki Sorachi, “第(だい)百二十七訓(くん) クーラーはタイマーで切(き)れるようにしてから寝(ね)ないと風邪(かぜ)ひくよ [Lesson 127: Set the Timer to Automatically Turn off Air-Con When You Sleep or You’ll Get a Cold]”, in 銀(ぎん)魂(たま) [Silver Soul], volume 15 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:",
"roman": "Baka wa kaze hikanai tte i…",
"ruby": [
[
"言",
"い"
]
],
"text": "バカはカゼひかないって言…",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "They say idiots never get colds, ri…",
"ref": "2006 November 7, Hideaki Sorachi, “第(だい)百二十七訓(くん) クーラーはタイマーで切(き)れるようにしてから寝(ね)ないと風邪(かぜ)ひくよ [Lesson 127: Set the Timer to Automatically Turn off Air-Con When You Sleep or You’ll Get a Cold]”, in 銀(ぎん)魂(たま) [Silver Soul], volume 15 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:",
"roman": "Baka wa kaze hikanai tte i…",
"ruby": [
[
"言",
"い"
]
],
"text": "バカはカゼひかないって言…",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a fool, an idiot"
],
"id": "en-馬鹿-ja-noun-TUh-Js3o",
"links": [
[
"fool",
"fool"
],
[
"idiot",
"idiot"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"roman": "ahō",
"sense": "fool, idiot",
"word": "阿呆"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"roman": "orokamono",
"sense": "fool, idiot",
"word": "愚か者"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 21 0 0 8 56 8 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 14 0 0 5 70 6 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 22 68 5 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 5 27 59 5 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 13 45 31 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 4 24 63 5 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"uselessness, futility"
],
"id": "en-馬鹿-ja-noun-eER6i1LV",
"links": [
[
"uselessness",
"uselessness"
],
[
"futility",
"futility"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 95 5",
"roman": "muda",
"ruby": [
[
"無",
"む"
],
[
"駄",
"だ"
]
],
"sense": "futile",
"word": "無駄"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 7 7 79 7",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Tools",
"orig": "ja:Tools",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a tool used for counting coins"
],
"id": "en-馬鹿-ja-noun-rQHnN43g",
"links": [
[
"tool",
"tool"
],
[
"coin",
"coin"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ばか"
},
{
"ipa": "[ba̠ka̠]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Kōjien",
"Nihon Kokugo Daijiten",
"Shinmura Izuru",
"ja:馬鹿"
],
"word": "馬鹿"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "sa",
"3": "मोह",
"4": "",
"5": "folly"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit मोह (moha, “folly”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "modern"
},
"expansion": "modern",
"name": "upright"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "痴",
"4": "",
"5": "stupidity, ridiculousness",
"tr": "woko, modern oko"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese 痴 (woko, modern oko, “stupidity, ridiculousness”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "馬鹿"
},
"expansion": "はか'",
"name": "sortkey"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ateji (当て字)",
"name": "ja-ateji"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lzh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Literary Chinese",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*指鹿為馬",
"lit": "to point to a deer and call it a horse",
"t": "to deliberately misinterpret and invert right and wrong"
},
"expansion": "指鹿為馬 (“to deliberately misinterpret and invert right and wrong”, literally “to point to a deer and call it a horse”)",
"name": "zh-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably originally a transcription of Sanskrit मोह (moha, “folly”), used as a cant term among monks.\nAlternatively, may have arisen from the same root as Old Japanese 痴 (woko, modern oko, “stupidity, ridiculousness”). However, this theory is problematic phonologically, as the /b/ ↔ /w/ shift is difficult to explain.\nThe characters 馬鹿 (literally “horse + deer”) are ateji (当て字), probably chosen as an allusion to Literary Chinese 指鹿為馬 (“to deliberately misinterpret and invert right and wrong”, literally “to point to a deer and call it a horse”) (see that entry for more).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "馬鹿",
"ruby": [
[
"馬",
"ば"
],
[
"鹿",
"か"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿",
"ruby": [
[
"馬鹿",
"バカ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "-baka",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix",
"2": "ばか",
"3": "バカ"
},
"expansion": "馬(ば)鹿(か) or 馬鹿(バカ) • (-baka)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "31 0 0 1 0 69",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "People",
"orig": "ja:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"enthusiast, freak"
],
"id": "en-馬鹿-ja-suffix-DR2gMLOj",
"links": [
[
"enthusiast",
"enthusiast"
],
[
"freak",
"freak"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ばか"
},
{
"ipa": "[ba̠ka̠]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Kōjien",
"Nihon Kokugo Daijiten",
"Shinmura Izuru",
"ja:馬鹿"
],
"word": "馬鹿"
}
{
"categories": [
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
"Japanese adjectives",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suffixes",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Japanese terms spelled with ateji",
"Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese な-na adjectives",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ja:People",
"ja:Tools"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "sa",
"3": "मोह",
"4": "",
"5": "folly"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit मोह (moha, “folly”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "modern"
},
"expansion": "modern",
"name": "upright"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "痴",
"4": "",
"5": "stupidity, ridiculousness",
"tr": "woko, modern oko"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese 痴 (woko, modern oko, “stupidity, ridiculousness”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "馬鹿"
},
"expansion": "はか'",
"name": "sortkey"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ateji (当て字)",
"name": "ja-ateji"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lzh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Literary Chinese",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*指鹿為馬",
"lit": "to point to a deer and call it a horse",
"t": "to deliberately misinterpret and invert right and wrong"
},
"expansion": "指鹿為馬 (“to deliberately misinterpret and invert right and wrong”, literally “to point to a deer and call it a horse”)",
"name": "zh-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably originally a transcription of Sanskrit मोह (moha, “folly”), used as a cant term among monks.\nAlternatively, may have arisen from the same root as Old Japanese 痴 (woko, modern oko, “stupidity, ridiculousness”). However, this theory is problematic phonologically, as the /b/ ↔ /w/ shift is difficult to explain.\nThe characters 馬鹿 (literally “horse + deer”) are ateji (当て字), probably chosen as an allusion to Literary Chinese 指鹿為馬 (“to deliberately misinterpret and invert right and wrong”, literally “to point to a deer and call it a horse”) (see that entry for more).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "馬鹿",
"ruby": [
[
"馬",
"ば"
],
[
"鹿",
"か"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿",
"ruby": [
[
"馬鹿",
"バカ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "baka",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿な",
"roman": "baka na",
"ruby": [
[
"馬",
"ば"
],
[
"鹿",
"か"
]
],
"tags": [
"adnominal"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿に",
"roman": "baka ni",
"ruby": [
[
"馬",
"ば"
],
[
"鹿",
"か"
]
],
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-na",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿だろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ばかだろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "baka daro",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿で",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ばかで",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "baka de",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿だ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "ばかだ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "baka da",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿な",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ばかな",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "baka na",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿なら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ばかなら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "baka nara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿であれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ばかであれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "baka de are",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿ではない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿じゃない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ばかではない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ばかじゃない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "baka de wa nai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "baka ja nai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿だった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ばかだった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "baka datta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿ではなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿じゃなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ばかではなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ばかじゃなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "baka de wa nakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "baka ja nakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿です",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "ばかです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "baka desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿ではありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿じゃありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ばかではありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ばかじゃありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "baka de wa arimasen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "baka ja arimasen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿でした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ばかでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "baka deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿ではありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿じゃありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ばかではありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ばかじゃありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "baka de wa arimasen deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "baka ja arimasen deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿で",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ばかで",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "baka de",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿なら（ば）",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "ばかなら（ば）",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "baka nara (ba)",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿だったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ばかだったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "baka dattara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿だろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "ばかだろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "baka darō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿に",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "ばかに",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "baka ni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿さ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "ばかさ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "bakasa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ばか",
"2": "バカ",
"infl": "na"
},
"expansion": "馬(ば)鹿(か) or 馬鹿(バカ) • (baka) -na (adnominal 馬(ば)鹿(か)な (baka na), adverbial 馬(ば)鹿(か)に (baka ni))",
"name": "ja-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"adverbial": ". に",
"attributive": ". な",
"conditional": ". なら（ば）",
"conjunctive": ". で",
"continuative": ". で",
"degree": "さ",
"formal": ". です",
"formal_negative": ". で は ありません",
"formal_negative2": ". じゃ ありません",
"formal_negative_past": ". で は ありません でした",
"formal_negative_past2": ". じゃ ありません でした",
"formal_past": ". でした",
"hypothetical": ". なら",
"imperative": ". で あれ",
"imperfective": ". だろ",
"informal_negative": ". で は ない",
"informal_negative2": ". じゃ ない",
"informal_negative_past": ". で は なかった",
"informal_negative_past2": ". じゃ なかった",
"informal_past": ". だった",
"kana": "ばか",
"lemma": "馬鹿",
"provisional": ". だったら",
"terminal": ". だ",
"volitional": ". だろう"
},
"name": "ja-adj-infl"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I did something stupid.",
"roman": "Baka na koto shichatta na.",
"ruby": [
[
"馬鹿",
"ばか"
]
],
"text": "馬鹿なことしちゃったな。",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Don't be silly. Don't say such stupid things.",
"roman": "Baka na koto o iu-na.",
"ruby": [
[
"馬鹿",
"ばか"
],
[
"言",
"い"
]
],
"text": "馬鹿なことを言うな。",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"foolish, idiotic, stupid, ridiculous"
],
"links": [
[
"foolish",
"foolish"
],
[
"idiotic",
"idiotic"
],
[
"stupid",
"stupid"
],
[
"ridiculous",
"ridiculous"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"useless, futile"
],
"links": [
[
"useless",
"useless"
],
[
"futile",
"futile"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ばか"
},
{
"ipa": "[ba̠ka̠]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Kōjien",
"Nihon Kokugo Daijiten",
"Shinmura Izuru",
"ja:馬鹿"
],
"word": "馬鹿"
}
{
"categories": [
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
"Japanese adjectives",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suffixes",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Japanese terms spelled with ateji",
"Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese な-na adjectives",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ja:People",
"ja:Tools"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "Mactra chinensis, a type of bivalve shellfish",
"roman": "bakagai",
"ruby": [
[
"馬",
"ば"
],
[
"鹿",
"か"
],
[
"貝",
"がい"
]
],
"word": "馬鹿貝"
},
{
"english": "stupid, ridiculous",
"roman": "bakabakashii",
"ruby": [
[
"馬",
"ば"
],
[
"鹿",
"か"
],
[
"馬",
"ば"
],
[
"鹿",
"か"
]
],
"word": "馬鹿馬鹿しい"
},
{
"roman": "bakajikara",
"ruby": [
[
"馬",
"ば"
],
[
"鹿",
"か"
],
[
"力",
"ぢから"
]
],
"word": "馬鹿力"
},
{
"roman": "baka yarō",
"ruby": [
[
"馬",
"ば"
],
[
"鹿",
"か"
],
[
"野",
"や"
],
[
"郎",
"ろう"
]
],
"word": "馬鹿野郎"
},
{
"roman": "sakura kiru baka ume kiranu baka",
"ruby": [
[
"桜伐",
"さくらき"
],
[
"馬鹿梅伐",
"ばかうめき"
],
[
"馬鹿",
"ばか"
]
],
"word": "桜伐る馬鹿梅伐らぬ馬鹿"
},
{
"roman": "baka ni naranai",
"ruby": [
[
"馬鹿",
"ばか"
]
],
"word": "馬鹿にならない"
},
{
"roman": "wāpuro baka",
"ruby": [
[
"馬鹿",
"ばか"
]
],
"word": "ワープロ馬鹿"
},
{
"roman": "bakageru",
"ruby": [
[
"馬鹿",
"ばか"
]
],
"word": "馬鹿げる"
},
{
"roman": "bakageta",
"ruby": [
[
"馬鹿",
"ばか"
]
],
"word": "馬鹿げた"
},
{
"roman": "bakaomiru",
"ruby": [
[
"馬鹿",
"ばか"
],
[
"見",
"み"
]
],
"word": "馬鹿を見る"
},
{
"roman": "bakawarai",
"ruby": [
[
"馬鹿笑",
"ばかわら"
]
],
"word": "馬鹿笑い"
},
{
"roman": "gakushabaka",
"ruby": [
[
"学者馬鹿",
"がくしゃばか"
]
],
"word": "学者馬鹿"
},
{
"roman": "kobaka",
"ruby": [
[
"小馬鹿",
"こばか"
]
],
"word": "小馬鹿"
},
{
"roman": "bakashōjiki",
"ruby": [
[
"馬鹿正直",
"ばかしょうじき"
]
],
"word": "馬鹿正直"
},
{
"roman": "bakaonna",
"ruby": [
[
"馬鹿女",
"ばかおんな"
]
],
"word": "馬鹿女"
},
{
"roman": "ōbakamono",
"ruby": [
[
"大馬鹿者",
"おおばかもの"
]
],
"word": "大馬鹿者"
},
{
"roman": "bakateinei",
"ruby": [
[
"馬鹿丁寧",
"ばかていねい"
]
],
"word": "馬鹿丁寧"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "八嘎",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "bāga"
},
"expansion": "→ Chinese: 八嘎 (bāga)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Chinese: 八嘎 (bāga)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "baka",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: baka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: baka"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "빠가",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 빠가 (ppaga)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Korean: 빠가 (ppaga)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "sa",
"3": "मोह",
"4": "",
"5": "folly"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit मोह (moha, “folly”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "modern"
},
"expansion": "modern",
"name": "upright"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "痴",
"4": "",
"5": "stupidity, ridiculousness",
"tr": "woko, modern oko"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese 痴 (woko, modern oko, “stupidity, ridiculousness”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "馬鹿"
},
"expansion": "はか'",
"name": "sortkey"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ateji (当て字)",
"name": "ja-ateji"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lzh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Literary Chinese",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*指鹿為馬",
"lit": "to point to a deer and call it a horse",
"t": "to deliberately misinterpret and invert right and wrong"
},
"expansion": "指鹿為馬 (“to deliberately misinterpret and invert right and wrong”, literally “to point to a deer and call it a horse”)",
"name": "zh-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably originally a transcription of Sanskrit मोह (moha, “folly”), used as a cant term among monks.\nAlternatively, may have arisen from the same root as Old Japanese 痴 (woko, modern oko, “stupidity, ridiculousness”). However, this theory is problematic phonologically, as the /b/ ↔ /w/ shift is difficult to explain.\nThe characters 馬鹿 (literally “horse + deer”) are ateji (当て字), probably chosen as an allusion to Literary Chinese 指鹿為馬 (“to deliberately misinterpret and invert right and wrong”, literally “to point to a deer and call it a horse”) (see that entry for more).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "馬鹿",
"ruby": [
[
"馬",
"ば"
],
[
"鹿",
"か"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿",
"ruby": [
[
"馬鹿",
"バカ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "baka",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ばか",
"2": "バカ"
},
"expansion": "馬(ば)鹿(か) or 馬鹿(バカ) • (baka)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I was foolish to think this was a love song",
"roman": "rabu songu da to omotta boku ga baka datta",
"ruby": [
[
"思",
"おも"
],
[
"僕",
"ぼく"
],
[
"馬鹿",
"ばか"
]
],
"text": "ラブソングだと思った僕が馬鹿だった",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "I disagree! Who would approve such a nonsensical idea⁉ And stop saying ‘learned’! It’s ‘learnt’, not ‘learned’, you fool!",
"ref": "2008 April 20 [2008 March 31], Hidekaz Himaruya, “Meeting of the World”, in Axis Powers ヘタリア [Axis Powers Hetalia], 3rd edition, volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Gentosha, →ISBN:",
"roman": "Ore wa hantai da! Sonna genjitsumi no nai an sansei dekiru ka! Sore to learned tte iu na! Nan da yo learned tte learnt da baka!",
"ruby": [
[
"俺",
"おれ"
],
[
"反対",
"はんたい"
],
[
"現実味",
"げんじつみ"
],
[
"案賛成",
"あんさんせい"
],
[
"言",
"い"
],
[
"何",
"なん"
]
],
"text": "俺は反対だ！そんな現実味のない案賛成できるか！それとlearnedって言うな！何だよlearnedってlearntだバカ！",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "They say idiots never get colds, ri…",
"ref": "2006 November 7, Hideaki Sorachi, “第(だい)百二十七訓(くん) クーラーはタイマーで切(き)れるようにしてから寝(ね)ないと風邪(かぜ)ひくよ [Lesson 127: Set the Timer to Automatically Turn off Air-Con When You Sleep or You’ll Get a Cold]”, in 銀(ぎん)魂(たま) [Silver Soul], volume 15 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:",
"roman": "Baka wa kaze hikanai tte i…",
"ruby": [
[
"言",
"い"
]
],
"text": "バカはカゼひかないって言…",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "They say idiots never get colds, ri…",
"ref": "2006 November 7, Hideaki Sorachi, “第(だい)百二十七訓(くん) クーラーはタイマーで切(き)れるようにしてから寝(ね)ないと風邪(かぜ)ひくよ [Lesson 127: Set the Timer to Automatically Turn off Air-Con When You Sleep or You’ll Get a Cold]”, in 銀(ぎん)魂(たま) [Silver Soul], volume 15 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:",
"roman": "Baka wa kaze hikanai tte i…",
"ruby": [
[
"言",
"い"
]
],
"text": "バカはカゼひかないって言…",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a fool, an idiot"
],
"links": [
[
"fool",
"fool"
],
[
"idiot",
"idiot"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"uselessness, futility"
],
"links": [
[
"uselessness",
"uselessness"
],
[
"futility",
"futility"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a tool used for counting coins"
],
"links": [
[
"tool",
"tool"
],
[
"coin",
"coin"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ばか"
},
{
"ipa": "[ba̠ka̠]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "ahō",
"sense": "fool, idiot",
"word": "阿呆"
},
{
"roman": "orokamono",
"sense": "fool, idiot",
"word": "愚か者"
},
{
"roman": "muda",
"ruby": [
[
"無",
"む"
],
[
"駄",
"だ"
]
],
"sense": "futile",
"word": "無駄"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Kōjien",
"Nihon Kokugo Daijiten",
"Shinmura Izuru",
"ja:馬鹿"
],
"word": "馬鹿"
}
{
"categories": [
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
"Japanese adjectives",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suffixes",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Japanese terms spelled with ateji",
"Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese な-na adjectives",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ja:People",
"ja:Tools"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "sa",
"3": "मोह",
"4": "",
"5": "folly"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit मोह (moha, “folly”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "modern"
},
"expansion": "modern",
"name": "upright"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "痴",
"4": "",
"5": "stupidity, ridiculousness",
"tr": "woko, modern oko"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese 痴 (woko, modern oko, “stupidity, ridiculousness”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "馬鹿"
},
"expansion": "はか'",
"name": "sortkey"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ateji (当て字)",
"name": "ja-ateji"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lzh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Literary Chinese",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*指鹿為馬",
"lit": "to point to a deer and call it a horse",
"t": "to deliberately misinterpret and invert right and wrong"
},
"expansion": "指鹿為馬 (“to deliberately misinterpret and invert right and wrong”, literally “to point to a deer and call it a horse”)",
"name": "zh-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably originally a transcription of Sanskrit मोह (moha, “folly”), used as a cant term among monks.\nAlternatively, may have arisen from the same root as Old Japanese 痴 (woko, modern oko, “stupidity, ridiculousness”). However, this theory is problematic phonologically, as the /b/ ↔ /w/ shift is difficult to explain.\nThe characters 馬鹿 (literally “horse + deer”) are ateji (当て字), probably chosen as an allusion to Literary Chinese 指鹿為馬 (“to deliberately misinterpret and invert right and wrong”, literally “to point to a deer and call it a horse”) (see that entry for more).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "馬鹿",
"ruby": [
[
"馬",
"ば"
],
[
"鹿",
"か"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "馬鹿",
"ruby": [
[
"馬鹿",
"バカ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "-baka",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix",
"2": "ばか",
"3": "バカ"
},
"expansion": "馬(ば)鹿(か) or 馬鹿(バカ) • (-baka)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"enthusiast, freak"
],
"links": [
[
"enthusiast",
"enthusiast"
],
[
"freak",
"freak"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ばか"
},
{
"ipa": "[ba̠ka̠]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Kōjien",
"Nihon Kokugo Daijiten",
"Shinmura Izuru",
"ja:馬鹿"
],
"word": "馬鹿"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 馬鹿 meaning in Japanese (21.7kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"馬鹿"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "馬鹿",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"馬鹿"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "馬鹿",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"馬鹿"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "馬鹿",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.