"車" meaning in Japanese

See 車 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Affix

IPA: [ɕa̠] Forms: 車 [canonical] (ruby: 車(しゃ)), sha [romanization]
Etymology: From Middle Chinese 車 (MC tsyhae). Etymology templates: {{der|ja|ltc|-}} Middle Chinese, {{ltc-l|車|id=2}} 車 (MC tsyhae) Head templates: {{ja-pos|affix|しゃ}} 車(しゃ) • (sha)
  1. vehicle
    Sense id: en-車-ja-affix-tATtPDcM
  2. train car Synonyms: 車両
    Sense id: en-車-ja-affix-J4-qQhUt
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Character

  1. vehicle Tags: grade-1-kanji, kanji Derived forms: 車輪 (sharin) (ruby: 車(しゃ), 輪(りん)), 新車 (shinsha) (ruby: 新(しん), 車(しゃ)), 自転車 (jitensha) (ruby: 自(じ), 転(てん), 車(しゃ)), 電車 (densha) (ruby: 電(でん), 車(しゃ))
    Sense id: en-車-ja-character-tATtPDcM Categories (other): Grade 1 kanji, Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations, Japanese terms with redundant transliterations Disambiguation of Grade 1 kanji: 12 22 22 0 22 22

Counter

IPA: [ɕa̠] Forms: 車 [canonical] (ruby: 車(しゃ)), -sha [romanization]
Etymology: From Middle Chinese 車 (MC tsyhae). Etymology templates: {{der|ja|ltc|-}} Middle Chinese, {{ltc-l|車|id=2}} 車 (MC tsyhae) Head templates: {{ja-pos|counter|しゃ}} 車(しゃ) • (-sha)
  1. used to count vehicles Categories (topical): Machines
    Sense id: en-車-ja-counter-1RDm1Shy Disambiguation of Machines: 0 0 0 16 3 9 9 5 7 9 7 18 10 6 Categories (other): Japanese affixes, Japanese counters, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys Disambiguation of Japanese affixes: 0 0 100 Disambiguation of Japanese counters: 0 0 100 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 0 0 100
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Noun

IPA: [kɯ̟ᵝɾɯ̟ᵝma̠] Forms: 車 [canonical] (ruby: 車(くるま)), kuruma [romanization], 台 [counter]
Etymology: From Old Japanese. Appears in the Man'yōshū completed some time after 759 CE, with the ideographic spelling 車. Assuming an initial meaning of wheel, may be a compound of くる (kuru, related to spinning or rotating, as in 繰る (kuru, “to spin (as in thread)”), 枢 (kuru, “hinge”), くるくる (kurukuru, “spinningly, round and round”), 転めく (kurumeku, “to spin round and round, to rotate; to be dizzy”)) + ま (ma, a suffix added to various parts of speech to form an indeclinable word indicating state). Etymology templates: {{inh|ja|ojp|-|sort=くるま}} Old Japanese, {{C.E.|nodots=1}} CE, {{CE}} CE, {{lang|ja|車}} 車, {{m|en|wheel}} wheel, {{m|ja|繰る||to spin (as in thread)|tr=kuru}} 繰る (kuru, “to spin (as in thread)”), {{m|ja|枢||hinge|tr=kuru}} 枢 (kuru, “hinge”), {{m|ja|くるくる||spinningly, round and round|tr=kurukuru}} くるくる (kurukuru, “spinningly, round and round”), {{m|ja|転めく||to spin round and round, to rotate; to be dizzy|tr=kurumeku}} 転めく (kurumeku, “to spin round and round, to rotate; to be dizzy”), {{compound|ja|くる|ま|pos1=related to spinning or rotating, as in <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">繰る</i> (kuru, “to spin (as in thread)”), <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">枢</i> (kuru, “hinge”), <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">くるくる</i> (kurukuru, “spinningly, round and round”), <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">転めく</i> (kurumeku, “to spin round and round, to rotate; to be dizzy”)|pos2=a suffix added to various parts of speech to form an indeclinable word indicating state|sort=くるま|tr1=kuru|tr2=ma}} くる (kuru, related to spinning or rotating, as in 繰る (kuru, “to spin (as in thread)”), 枢 (kuru, “hinge”), くるくる (kurukuru, “spinningly, round and round”), 転めく (kurumeku, “to spin round and round, to rotate; to be dizzy”)) + ま (ma, a suffix added to various parts of speech to form an indeclinable word indicating state) Head templates: {{ja-noun|くるま|count=台}} 車(くるま) • (kuruma) (counter 台)
  1. a car, an automobile, a carriage, a cart
    Sense id: en-車-ja-noun-O~cwxzeC
  2. a wheel, a caster
    Sense id: en-車-ja-noun-aj-ivYZ8
  3. something wheel-shaped
    Sense id: en-車-ja-noun-sNuMwYEt
  4. a style of 紋 (mon, “family crest”)
    Sense id: en-車-ja-noun-6A9Ep9m3
  5. short for various terms:
    short for 車海老 (kuruma ebi): a prawn     Tags: abbreviation, alt-of Alternative form of: 車海老 (extra: (kuruma ebi): a prawn)
    Sense id: en-車-ja-noun-ZvsKqo5F Categories (other): Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese entries with topic categories using raw markup, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with multiple readings, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 0 0 0 8 0 1 1 6 15 15 15 15 15 11 Disambiguation of Japanese entries with topic categories using raw markup: 0 0 0 8 0 1 1 5 13 14 13 13 13 18 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 0 0 0 9 0 1 1 6 14 14 14 14 14 12 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with multiple readings: 0 0 0 7 1 2 2 4 15 15 15 15 15 9 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 0 0 6 6 0 1 1 6 13 13 13 13 13 12
  6. short for various terms:
    short for 車懸 (kuruma-gakari): “wheel formation”, a battle tactic where units attack in staged waves in order to prevent the opponent from resting     Tags: abbreviation, alt-of Alternative form of: 車懸 (extra: (kuruma-gakari): “wheel formation”, a battle tactic where units attack in staged waves in order to prevent the opponent from resting)
    Sense id: en-車-ja-noun-tsBCnXdP Categories (other): Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese entries with topic categories using raw markup, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with multiple readings, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 0 0 0 8 0 1 1 6 15 15 15 15 15 11 Disambiguation of Japanese entries with topic categories using raw markup: 0 0 0 8 0 1 1 5 13 14 13 13 13 18 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 0 0 0 9 0 1 1 6 14 14 14 14 14 12 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with multiple readings: 0 0 0 7 1 2 2 4 15 15 15 15 15 9 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 0 0 6 6 0 1 1 6 13 13 13 13 13 12
  7. short for various terms:
    short for 肩車 (kata-guruma): riding on one's shoulders, piggyback     Tags: abbreviation, alt-of Alternative form of: 肩車 (extra: (kata-guruma): riding on one's shoulders, piggyback)
    Sense id: en-車-ja-noun-mIsM2Gdb Categories (other): Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese entries with topic categories using raw markup, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with multiple readings, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 0 0 0 8 0 1 1 6 15 15 15 15 15 11 Disambiguation of Japanese entries with topic categories using raw markup: 0 0 0 8 0 1 1 5 13 14 13 13 13 18 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 0 0 0 9 0 1 1 6 14 14 14 14 14 12 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with multiple readings: 0 0 0 7 1 2 2 4 15 15 15 15 15 9 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 0 0 6 6 0 1 1 6 13 13 13 13 13 12
  8. short for various terms:
    short for 手車 (te-guruma): a handcart, a wheelbarrow     Tags: abbreviation, alt-of Alternative form of: 手車 (extra: (te-guruma): a handcart, a wheelbarrow) Categories (topical): Machines
    Sense id: en-車-ja-noun-hWtsnLWz Disambiguation of Machines: 0 0 0 16 3 9 9 5 7 9 7 18 10 6 Categories (other): Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese entries with topic categories using raw markup, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with multiple readings, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 0 0 0 8 0 1 1 6 15 15 15 15 15 11 Disambiguation of Japanese entries with topic categories using raw markup: 0 0 0 8 0 1 1 5 13 14 13 13 13 18 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 0 0 0 9 0 1 1 6 14 14 14 14 14 12 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with multiple readings: 0 0 0 7 1 2 2 4 15 15 15 15 15 9 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 0 0 6 6 0 1 1 6 13 13 13 13 13 12
  9. short for various terms:
    short for 車座 (kuruma za): sitting in a circle     Tags: abbreviation, alt-of Alternative form of: 車座 (extra: (kuruma za): sitting in a circle) Categories (topical): Machines
    Sense id: en-車-ja-noun-tZ0OFXe~ Disambiguation of Machines: 0 0 0 16 3 9 9 5 7 9 7 18 10 6 Categories (other): Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese entries with topic categories using raw markup, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with multiple readings, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 0 0 0 8 0 1 1 6 15 15 15 15 15 11 Disambiguation of Japanese entries with topic categories using raw markup: 0 0 0 8 0 1 1 5 13 14 13 13 13 18 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 0 0 0 9 0 1 1 6 14 14 14 14 14 12 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with multiple readings: 0 0 0 7 1 2 2 4 15 15 15 15 15 9 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 0 0 6 6 0 1 1 6 13 13 13 13 13 12
  10. (obsolete) during the Edo period, in the red-light district in Ōsaka, a prostitute whose services cost four 匁 (monme) and three 分 (bun) (possibly in reference to the cost of a carriage ride) Tags: obsolete
    Sense id: en-車-ja-noun-DB1Ilz6r Categories (other): Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese entries with topic categories using raw markup, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 0 0 0 8 0 1 1 6 15 15 15 15 15 11 Disambiguation of Japanese entries with topic categories using raw markup: 0 0 0 8 0 1 1 5 13 14 13 13 13 18 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 0 0 0 9 0 1 1 6 14 14 14 14 14 12 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 0 0 6 6 0 1 1 6 13 13 13 13 13 12
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: 車椅子 (kurumaisu) (ruby: 車(くるま), 椅子(いす)) (english: wheelchair)
Etymology number: 2

Download JSON data for 車 meaning in Japanese (17.6kB)

{
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "12 22 22 0 22 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Grade 1 kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "roman": "sharin",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "車",
              "しゃ"
            ],
            [
              "輪",
              "りん"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "車輪"
        },
        {
          "roman": "shinsha",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "新",
              "しん"
            ],
            [
              "車",
              "しゃ"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "新車"
        },
        {
          "roman": "jitensha",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "自",
              "じ"
            ],
            [
              "転",
              "てん"
            ],
            [
              "車",
              "しゃ"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "自転車"
        },
        {
          "roman": "densha",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "電",
              "でん"
            ],
            [
              "車",
              "しゃ"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "電車"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "vehicle"
      ],
      "id": "en-車-ja-character-tATtPDcM",
      "links": [
        [
          "vehicle",
          "vehicle"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "grade-1-kanji",
        "kanji"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "車"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ltc",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Chinese",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "車",
        "id": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "車 (MC tsyhae)",
      "name": "ltc-l"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 車 (MC tsyhae).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "車",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "車",
          "しゃ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-sha",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "counter",
        "2": "しゃ"
      },
      "expansion": "車(しゃ) • (-sha)",
      "name": "ja-pos"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "counter",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "0 0 100",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese affixes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 0 100",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese counters",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 0 100",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 0 0 16 3 9 9 5 7 9 7 18 10 6",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Machines",
          "orig": "ja:Machines",
          "parents": [
            "Technology",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "used to count vehicles"
      ],
      "id": "en-車-ja-counter-1RDm1Shy"
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ɕa̠]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "車"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ltc",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Chinese",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "車",
        "id": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "車 (MC tsyhae)",
      "name": "ltc-l"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 車 (MC tsyhae).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "車",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "車",
          "しゃ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sha",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "affix",
        "2": "しゃ"
      },
      "expansion": "車(しゃ) • (sha)",
      "name": "ja-pos"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "affix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "South Korean vehicle",
          "roman": "Kankoku-sha",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "韓",
              "かん"
            ],
            [
              "国",
              "こく"
            ],
            [
              "車",
              "しゃ"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "韓国車"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "vehicle"
      ],
      "id": "en-車-ja-affix-tATtPDcM",
      "links": [
        [
          "vehicle",
          "vehicle"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "car for women only",
          "roman": "josei-sen'yō-sha",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "女",
              "じょ"
            ],
            [
              "性",
              "せい"
            ],
            [
              "専",
              "せん"
            ],
            [
              "用",
              "よう"
            ],
            [
              "車",
              "しゃ"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "女性専用車"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "train car"
      ],
      "id": "en-車-ja-affix-J4-qQhUt",
      "links": [
        [
          "train",
          "train"
        ],
        [
          "car",
          "car"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "車両"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ɕa̠]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "車"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "wheelchair",
      "roman": "kurumaisu",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "車",
          "くるま"
        ],
        [
          "椅子",
          "いす"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "車椅子"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mh",
            "2": "kurm̧a",
            "bor": "y"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Marshallese: kurm̧a",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Marshallese: kurm̧a"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ojp",
        "3": "-",
        "sort": "くるま"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "nodots": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "CE",
      "name": "C.E."
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "CE",
      "name": "CE"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "車"
      },
      "expansion": "車",
      "name": "lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "wheel"
      },
      "expansion": "wheel",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "繰る",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to spin (as in thread)",
        "tr": "kuru"
      },
      "expansion": "繰る (kuru, “to spin (as in thread)”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "枢",
        "3": "",
        "4": "hinge",
        "tr": "kuru"
      },
      "expansion": "枢 (kuru, “hinge”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "くるくる",
        "3": "",
        "4": "spinningly, round and round",
        "tr": "kurukuru"
      },
      "expansion": "くるくる (kurukuru, “spinningly, round and round”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "転めく",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to spin round and round, to rotate; to be dizzy",
        "tr": "kurumeku"
      },
      "expansion": "転めく (kurumeku, “to spin round and round, to rotate; to be dizzy”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "くる",
        "3": "ま",
        "pos1": "related to spinning or rotating, as in <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">繰る</i> (kuru, “to spin (as in thread)”), <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">枢</i> (kuru, “hinge”), <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">くるくる</i> (kurukuru, “spinningly, round and round”), <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">転めく</i> (kurumeku, “to spin round and round, to rotate; to be dizzy”)",
        "pos2": "a suffix added to various parts of speech to form an indeclinable word indicating state",
        "sort": "くるま",
        "tr1": "kuru",
        "tr2": "ma"
      },
      "expansion": "くる (kuru, related to spinning or rotating, as in 繰る (kuru, “to spin (as in thread)”), 枢 (kuru, “hinge”), くるくる (kurukuru, “spinningly, round and round”), 転めく (kurumeku, “to spin round and round, to rotate; to be dizzy”)) + ま (ma, a suffix added to various parts of speech to form an indeclinable word indicating state)",
      "name": "compound"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Japanese. Appears in the Man'yōshū completed some time after 759 CE, with the ideographic spelling 車.\nAssuming an initial meaning of wheel, may be a compound of くる (kuru, related to spinning or rotating, as in 繰る (kuru, “to spin (as in thread)”), 枢 (kuru, “hinge”), くるくる (kurukuru, “spinningly, round and round”), 転めく (kurumeku, “to spin round and round, to rotate; to be dizzy”)) + ま (ma, a suffix added to various parts of speech to form an indeclinable word indicating state).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "車",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "車",
          "くるま"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuruma",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "台",
      "tags": [
        "counter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "くるま",
        "count": "台"
      },
      "expansion": "車(くるま) • (kuruma) (counter 台)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a car, an automobile, a carriage, a cart"
      ],
      "id": "en-車-ja-noun-O~cwxzeC",
      "links": [
        [
          "car",
          "car"
        ],
        [
          "automobile",
          "automobile"
        ],
        [
          "carriage",
          "carriage"
        ],
        [
          "cart",
          "cart"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a wheel, a caster"
      ],
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      "glosses": [
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      ],
      "id": "en-車-ja-noun-ZvsKqo5F",
      "links": [
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    },
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        {
          "extra": "(kuruma-gakari): “wheel formation”, a battle tactic where units attack in staged waves in order to prevent the opponent from resting",
          "word": "車懸"
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      ],
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      "id": "en-車-ja-noun-tsBCnXdP",
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          "extra": "(kata-guruma): riding on one's shoulders, piggyback",
          "word": "肩車"
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      ],
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        {
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      "links": [
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          "肩車",
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          "piggyback",
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    },
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          "wheelbarrow",
          "wheelbarrow"
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      "tags": [
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          "extra": "(kuruma za): sitting in a circle",
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      "id": "en-車-ja-noun-tZ0OFXe~",
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          "車座",
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        [
          "sitting",
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          "circle",
          "circle"
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      "glosses": [
        "during the Edo period, in the red-light district in Ōsaka, a prostitute whose services cost four 匁 (monme) and three 分 (bun) (possibly in reference to the cost of a carriage ride)"
      ],
      "id": "en-車-ja-noun-DB1Ilz6r",
      "links": [
        [
          "red-light district",
          "red-light district"
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        [
          "prostitute",
          "prostitute"
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        [
          "匁",
          "匁#Japanese"
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        [
          "分",
          "分#Japanese"
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        "(obsolete) during the Edo period, in the red-light district in Ōsaka, a prostitute whose services cost four 匁 (monme) and three 分 (bun) (possibly in reference to the cost of a carriage ride)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
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    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "くるま"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kɯ̟ᵝɾɯ̟ᵝma̠]"
    }
  ],
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    "Man'yōshū"
  ],
  "word": "車"
}

{
  "categories": [
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    "Grade 1 kanji",
    "Japanese Han characters",
    "Japanese compound terms",
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "Japanese kanji with goon reading こ",
    "Japanese kanji with goon reading しゃ",
    "Japanese kanji with historical goon reading しや",
    "Japanese kanji with historical kan'on reading きよ",
    "Japanese kanji with historical kan'on reading しや",
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    "Japanese kanji with kun reading くるま",
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  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "sharin",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "車",
          "しゃ"
        ],
        [
          "輪",
          "りん"
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      ],
      "word": "車輪"
    },
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          "しゃ"
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          "じ"
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        [
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          "てん"
        ],
        [
          "車",
          "しゃ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "自転車"
    },
    {
      "roman": "densha",
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        [
          "電",
          "でん"
        ],
        [
          "車",
          "しゃ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "電車"
    }
  ],
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  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "vehicle"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "vehicle",
          "vehicle"
        ]
      ],
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        "grade-1-kanji",
        "kanji"
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    }
  ],
  "word": "車"
}

{
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}

{
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  ],
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    {
      "categories": [
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      ],
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        {
          "english": "South Korean vehicle",
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          "ruby": [
            [
              "韓",
              "かん"
            ],
            [
              "国",
              "こく"
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              "車",
              "しゃ"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "韓国車"
        }
      ],
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        "vehicle"
      ],
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        [
          "vehicle",
          "vehicle"
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      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
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      ],
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        {
          "english": "car for women only",
          "roman": "josei-sen'yō-sha",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "女",
              "じょ"
            ],
            [
              "性",
              "せい"
            ],
            [
              "専",
              "せん"
            ],
            [
              "用",
              "よう"
            ],
            [
              "車",
              "しゃ"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "女性専用車"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "train car"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "train",
          "train"
        ],
        [
          "car",
          "car"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "車両"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ɕa̠]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "車"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "CJKV radicals",
    "Japanese compound terms",
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese single-kanji terms",
    "Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
    "Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
    "Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with 車",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
    "Pages with raw sortkeys",
    "ja:Machines"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "wheelchair",
      "roman": "kurumaisu",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "車",
          "くるま"
        ],
        [
          "椅子",
          "いす"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "車椅子"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mh",
            "2": "kurm̧a",
            "bor": "y"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Marshallese: kurm̧a",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Marshallese: kurm̧a"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ojp",
        "3": "-",
        "sort": "くるま"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "nodots": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "CE",
      "name": "C.E."
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "CE",
      "name": "CE"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "車"
      },
      "expansion": "車",
      "name": "lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "wheel"
      },
      "expansion": "wheel",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "繰る",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to spin (as in thread)",
        "tr": "kuru"
      },
      "expansion": "繰る (kuru, “to spin (as in thread)”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "枢",
        "3": "",
        "4": "hinge",
        "tr": "kuru"
      },
      "expansion": "枢 (kuru, “hinge”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "くるくる",
        "3": "",
        "4": "spinningly, round and round",
        "tr": "kurukuru"
      },
      "expansion": "くるくる (kurukuru, “spinningly, round and round”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "転めく",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to spin round and round, to rotate; to be dizzy",
        "tr": "kurumeku"
      },
      "expansion": "転めく (kurumeku, “to spin round and round, to rotate; to be dizzy”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "くる",
        "3": "ま",
        "pos1": "related to spinning or rotating, as in <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">繰る</i> (kuru, “to spin (as in thread)”), <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">枢</i> (kuru, “hinge”), <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">くるくる</i> (kurukuru, “spinningly, round and round”), <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">転めく</i> (kurumeku, “to spin round and round, to rotate; to be dizzy”)",
        "pos2": "a suffix added to various parts of speech to form an indeclinable word indicating state",
        "sort": "くるま",
        "tr1": "kuru",
        "tr2": "ma"
      },
      "expansion": "くる (kuru, related to spinning or rotating, as in 繰る (kuru, “to spin (as in thread)”), 枢 (kuru, “hinge”), くるくる (kurukuru, “spinningly, round and round”), 転めく (kurumeku, “to spin round and round, to rotate; to be dizzy”)) + ま (ma, a suffix added to various parts of speech to form an indeclinable word indicating state)",
      "name": "compound"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Japanese. Appears in the Man'yōshū completed some time after 759 CE, with the ideographic spelling 車.\nAssuming an initial meaning of wheel, may be a compound of くる (kuru, related to spinning or rotating, as in 繰る (kuru, “to spin (as in thread)”), 枢 (kuru, “hinge”), くるくる (kurukuru, “spinningly, round and round”), 転めく (kurumeku, “to spin round and round, to rotate; to be dizzy”)) + ま (ma, a suffix added to various parts of speech to form an indeclinable word indicating state).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "車",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "車",
          "くるま"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuruma",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "台",
      "tags": [
        "counter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "くるま",
        "count": "台"
      },
      "expansion": "車(くるま) • (kuruma) (counter 台)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a car, an automobile, a carriage, a cart"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "car",
          "car"
        ],
        [
          "automobile",
          "automobile"
        ],
        [
          "carriage",
          "carriage"
        ],
        [
          "cart",
          "cart"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a wheel, a caster"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "wheel",
          "wheel"
        ],
        [
          "caster",
          "caster"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "something wheel-shaped"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "wheel",
          "wheel"
        ],
        [
          "shaped",
          "shaped"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a style of 紋 (mon, “family crest”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "紋",
          "紋#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "crest",
          "crest"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "(kuruma ebi): a prawn",
          "word": "車海老"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Japanese short forms",
        "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "short for various terms:",
        "short for 車海老 (kuruma ebi): a prawn"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "車海老",
          "車海老#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "prawn",
          "prawn"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of"
      ]
    },
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "(kuruma-gakari): “wheel formation”, a battle tactic where units attack in staged waves in order to prevent the opponent from resting",
          "word": "車懸"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Japanese short forms",
        "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "short for various terms:",
        "short for 車懸 (kuruma-gakari): “wheel formation”, a battle tactic where units attack in staged waves in order to prevent the opponent from resting"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "車懸",
          "車懸#Japanese"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of"
      ]
    },
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "(kata-guruma): riding on one's shoulders, piggyback",
          "word": "肩車"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Japanese short forms",
        "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "short for various terms:",
        "short for 肩車 (kata-guruma): riding on one's shoulders, piggyback"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "肩車",
          "肩車#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "piggyback",
          "piggyback"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of"
      ]
    },
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "(te-guruma): a handcart, a wheelbarrow",
          "word": "手車"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Japanese short forms",
        "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "short for various terms:",
        "short for 手車 (te-guruma): a handcart, a wheelbarrow"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "手車",
          "手車#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "handcart",
          "handcart"
        ],
        [
          "wheelbarrow",
          "wheelbarrow"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of"
      ]
    },
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "(kuruma za): sitting in a circle",
          "word": "車座"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Japanese short forms",
        "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "short for various terms:",
        "short for 車座 (kuruma za): sitting in a circle"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "車座",
          "車座#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "sitting",
          "sitting"
        ],
        [
          "circle",
          "circle"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "Japanese terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "during the Edo period, in the red-light district in Ōsaka, a prostitute whose services cost four 匁 (monme) and three 分 (bun) (possibly in reference to the cost of a carriage ride)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "red-light district",
          "red-light district"
        ],
        [
          "prostitute",
          "prostitute"
        ],
        [
          "匁",
          "匁#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "分",
          "分#Japanese"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) during the Edo period, in the red-light district in Ōsaka, a prostitute whose services cost four 匁 (monme) and three 分 (bun) (possibly in reference to the cost of a carriage ride)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "くるま"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kɯ̟ᵝɾɯ̟ᵝma̠]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Man'yōshū"
  ],
  "word": "車"
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "車"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "counter",
  "title": "車",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "車"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "affix",
  "title": "車",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "車"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "車",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.