See 苦笑 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "苦笑",
"ruby": [
[
"苦",
"く"
],
[
"笑",
"しょう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kushō",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "くしょう"
},
"expansion": "苦(く)笑(しょう) • (kushō)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bitter smile; forced smile"
],
"id": "en-苦笑-ja-noun-8DMZ5ueY",
"links": [
[
"bitter",
"bitter"
],
[
"smile",
"smile"
],
[
"force",
"force"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "くしょー"
},
{
"ipa": "[kɯ̟ɕo̞ː]"
}
],
"word": "苦笑"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "苦笑する",
"ruby": [
[
"苦",
"く"
],
[
"笑",
"しょう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kushō suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "苦笑し",
"roman": "kushō shi",
"ruby": [
[
"苦",
"く"
],
[
"笑",
"しょう"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "苦笑した",
"roman": "kushō shita",
"ruby": [
[
"苦",
"く"
],
[
"笑",
"しょう"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "苦笑し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "くしょうし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kushō shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "苦笑する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "くしょうする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kushō suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "苦笑すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "くしょうすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kushō sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "苦笑せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "苦笑しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "くしょうせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "くしょうしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "kushō seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "kushō shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦笑される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "くしょうされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "kushō sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "苦笑させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦笑さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "くしょうさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "くしょうさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kushō saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kushō sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦笑できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "くしょうできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "kushō dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "苦笑しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "くしょうしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "kushō shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "苦笑しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "くしょうしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kushō shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦笑せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "くしょうせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kushō sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦笑します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "くしょうします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "kushō shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "苦笑した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "くしょうした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "kushō shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "苦笑して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "くしょうして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kushō shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "苦笑すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "くしょうすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "kushō sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "くしょう"
},
"expansion": "苦(く)笑(しょう)する • (kushō suru) suru (stem 苦(く)笑(しょう)し (kushō shi), past 苦(く)笑(しょう)した (kushō shita))",
"name": "ja-verb-suru"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to smile a bitter smile; to force a smile"
],
"id": "en-苦笑-ja-verb-sWTr87Rj",
"links": [
[
"smile",
"smile"
],
[
"bitter",
"bitter"
],
[
"force",
"force"
]
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "nigawarai",
"ruby": [
[
"苦笑",
"にがわら"
]
],
"word": "苦笑い"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "くしょー"
},
{
"ipa": "[kɯ̟ɕo̞ː]"
}
],
"word": "苦笑"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "苦笑",
"ruby": [
[
"苦",
"く"
],
[
"笑",
"しょう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kushō",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "くしょう"
},
"expansion": "苦(く)笑(しょう) • (kushō)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bitter smile; forced smile"
],
"links": [
[
"bitter",
"bitter"
],
[
"smile",
"smile"
],
[
"force",
"force"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "くしょー"
},
{
"ipa": "[kɯ̟ɕo̞ː]"
}
],
"word": "苦笑"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "苦笑する",
"ruby": [
[
"苦",
"く"
],
[
"笑",
"しょう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kushō suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "苦笑し",
"roman": "kushō shi",
"ruby": [
[
"苦",
"く"
],
[
"笑",
"しょう"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "苦笑した",
"roman": "kushō shita",
"ruby": [
[
"苦",
"く"
],
[
"笑",
"しょう"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "苦笑し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "くしょうし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kushō shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "苦笑する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "くしょうする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kushō suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "苦笑すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "くしょうすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kushō sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "苦笑せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "苦笑しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "くしょうせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "くしょうしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "kushō seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "kushō shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦笑される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "くしょうされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "kushō sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "苦笑させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦笑さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "くしょうさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "くしょうさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kushō saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kushō sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦笑できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "くしょうできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "kushō dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "苦笑しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "くしょうしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "kushō shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "苦笑しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "くしょうしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kushō shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦笑せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "くしょうせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kushō sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦笑します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "くしょうします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "kushō shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "苦笑した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "くしょうした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "kushō shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "苦笑して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "くしょうして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kushō shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "苦笑すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "くしょうすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "kushō sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "くしょう"
},
"expansion": "苦(く)笑(しょう)する • (kushō suru) suru (stem 苦(く)笑(しょう)し (kushō shi), past 苦(く)笑(しょう)した (kushō shita))",
"name": "ja-verb-suru"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"roman": "nigawarai",
"ruby": [
[
"苦笑",
"にがわら"
]
],
"word": "苦笑い"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to smile a bitter smile; to force a smile"
],
"links": [
[
"smile",
"smile"
],
[
"bitter",
"bitter"
],
[
"force",
"force"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "くしょー"
},
{
"ipa": "[kɯ̟ɕo̞ː]"
}
],
"word": "苦笑"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 苦笑 meaning in Japanese (6.8kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"苦笑"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "苦笑",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
"path": [
"苦笑"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "苦笑",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
"path": [
"苦笑"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "苦笑",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
"path": [
"苦笑"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "苦笑",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
"path": [
"苦笑"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "苦笑",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
"path": [
"苦笑"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "苦笑",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
"path": [
"苦笑"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "苦笑",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-07-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-07-01 using wiktextract (45c4a21 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.