"素晴らしい" meaning in Japanese

See 素晴らしい in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: [sɨᵝba̠ɾa̠ɕiː]
Etymology: Originally derived from 窄(すば)る (subaru, “to shrink, to get smaller”, archaic) + しい (-shii, adjectivizing suffix evoking the quality of the suffixed term), from the sense of “that which makes one shrink away”. Compare verbs 窄まる (subomaru), 窄める (subomeru). The kanji spelling is an example of ateji (当て字). The initial sense was strongly negative, and this usage continued until at least the mid-1800s in the Edo period, since when the meaning shifted to a strong positive instead. Compare the development of English terrific, of strongly positive meanings, from terrify, of strongly negative meanings. The modern kanji spelling could be considered an example of ateji (当て字). Etymology templates: {{ja-compound|窄る|すばる|-し.い|pos1=archaic|pos2=adjectivizing suffix evoking the quality of the suffixed term|s1=|t1=to shrink, to get smaller}} 窄(すば)る (subaru, “to shrink, to get smaller”, archaic) + しい (-shii, adjectivizing suffix evoking the quality of the suffixed term), {{m|ja|窄まる|tr=subomaru}} 窄まる (subomaru), {{m|ja|窄める|tr=subomeru}} 窄める (subomeru), {{m|ja|当て字}} 当て字, {{sortkey|ja|素晴らしい}} すはらしい', {{ateji}} ateji (当て字), {{cog|en|terrific}} English terrific, {{m|en|terrify}} terrify, {{m|ja|当て字}} 当て字, {{sortkey|ja|素晴らしい}} すはらしい', {{ateji}} ateji (当て字) Head templates: {{ja-adj|すばらしい|infl=i}} 素(す)晴(ば)らしい • (subarashii) -i (adverbial 素(す)晴(ば)らしく (subarashiku)) Inflection templates: {{ja-adj-infl|adverbial=く|attributive=い|conditional=ければ|conjunctive=くて|continuative=く|degree=さ|formal=い です|formal_negative=く ない です|formal_negative_past=く なかった です|formal_past=かった です|hypothetical=けれ|imperative=かれ|imperfective=かろ|informal_negative=く ない|informal_negative_past=く なかった|informal_past=かった|kana=すばらし|lemma=素晴らし|provisional=かったら|terminal=い|volitional=かろう}} Forms: 素晴らしい [canonical] (ruby: (), ()), subarashii [romanization], 素晴らしく [adverbial] (ruby: (), ()), no-table-tags [table-tags], 素晴らしかろ [imperfective, stem], すばらしかろ [imperfective, stem], subarashikaro [imperfective], 素晴らしく [continuative, stem], すばらしく [continuative, stem], subarashiku [continuative], 素晴らしい [stem, terminative], すばらしい [stem, terminative], subarashii [terminative], 素晴らしい [attributive, stem], すばらしい [attributive, stem], subarashii [attributive], 素晴らしけれ [hypothetical, stem], すばらしけれ [hypothetical, stem], subarashikere [hypothetical], 素晴らしかれ [imperative, stem], すばらしかれ [imperative, stem], subarashikare [imperative], 素晴らしくない [informal, negative], すばらしくない [informal, negative], subarashiku nai [informal, negative], 素晴らしかった [informal, past], すばらしかった [informal, past], subarashikatta [informal, past], 素晴らしくなかった [informal, negative, past], すばらしくなかった [informal, negative, past], subarashiku nakatta [informal, negative, past], 素晴らしいです [formal], すばらしいです [formal], subarashii desu [formal], 素晴らしくないです [formal, negative], すばらしくないです [formal, negative], subarashiku nai desu [formal, negative], 素晴らしかったです [formal, past], すばらしかったです [formal, past], subarashikatta desu [formal, past], 素晴らしくなかったです [formal, negative, past], すばらしくなかったです [formal, negative, past], subarashiku nakatta desu [formal, negative, past], 素晴らしくて [conjunctive], すばらしくて [conjunctive], subarashikute [conjunctive], 素晴らしければ [conditional], すばらしければ [conditional], subarashikereba [conditional], 素晴らしかったら [conditional, past], すばらしかったら [conditional, past], subarashikattara [conditional, past], 素晴らしかろう [volitional], すばらしかろう [volitional], subarashikarō [volitional], 素晴らしく [adverbial], すばらしく [adverbial], subarashiku [adverbial], 素晴らしさ [noun-from-adj], すばらしさ [noun-from-adj], subarashisa [noun-from-adj]
  1. terrific, wonderful, splendid, grand, magnificent Synonyms (terrific, wonderful): 素晴らしき (subarashiki) [adnominal], 素敵 (suteki) (english: wonderful), 凄い (sugoi) (english: amazing)
    Sense id: en-素晴らしい-ja-adj-oQtj8VjZ Disambiguation of 'terrific, wonderful': 94 6
  2. (obsolete) extreme, terrible Tags: obsolete Synonyms (extreme, terrible): 凄い (sugoi) (ruby: (すご)) (english: terrible)
    Sense id: en-素晴らしい-ja-adj-~fkKVVJN Categories (other): Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with manual fragments, Japanese links with redundant alt parameters, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms suffixed with しい, Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 17 83 Disambiguation of Japanese links with manual fragments: 4 96 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant alt parameters: 3 96 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 4 96 Disambiguation of Japanese terms suffixed with しい: 0 100 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations: 9 91 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 4 96 Disambiguation of 'extreme, terrible': 4 96

Download JSON data for 素晴らしい meaning in Japanese (10.7kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zh",
            "2": "斯巴拉西",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Chinese: 斯巴拉西 (sībālāxī)",
          "name": "descendant"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Chinese: 斯巴拉西 (sībālāxī)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "窄る",
        "2": "すばる",
        "3": "-し.い",
        "pos1": "archaic",
        "pos2": "adjectivizing suffix evoking the quality of the suffixed term",
        "s1": "",
        "t1": "to shrink, to get smaller"
      },
      "expansion": "窄(すば)る (subaru, “to shrink, to get smaller”, archaic) + しい (-shii, adjectivizing suffix evoking the quality of the suffixed term)",
      "name": "ja-compound"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "窄まる",
        "tr": "subomaru"
      },
      "expansion": "窄まる (subomaru)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "窄める",
        "tr": "subomeru"
      },
      "expansion": "窄める (subomeru)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "当て字"
      },
      "expansion": "当て字",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "素晴らしい"
      },
      "expansion": "すはらしい'",
      "name": "sortkey"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "ateji (当て字)",
      "name": "ateji"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "terrific"
      },
      "expansion": "English terrific",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "terrify"
      },
      "expansion": "terrify",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "当て字"
      },
      "expansion": "当て字",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "素晴らしい"
      },
      "expansion": "すはらしい'",
      "name": "sortkey"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "ateji (当て字)",
      "name": "ateji"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Originally derived from 窄(すば)る (subaru, “to shrink, to get smaller”, archaic) + しい (-shii, adjectivizing suffix evoking the quality of the suffixed term), from the sense of “that which makes one shrink away”. Compare verbs 窄まる (subomaru), 窄める (subomeru). The kanji spelling is an example of ateji (当て字).\nThe initial sense was strongly negative, and this usage continued until at least the mid-1800s in the Edo period, since when the meaning shifted to a strong positive instead. Compare the development of English terrific, of strongly positive meanings, from terrify, of strongly negative meanings.\nThe modern kanji spelling could be considered an example of ateji (当て字).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "素晴らしい",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "素",
          "す"
        ],
        [
          "晴",
          "ば"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "subarashii",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "素晴らしく",
      "roman": "subarashiku",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "素",
          "す"
        ],
        [
          "晴",
          "ば"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-i",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "素晴らしかろ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すばらしかろ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "subarashikaro",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "素晴らしく",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すばらしく",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "subarashiku",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "continuative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "素晴らしい",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すばらしい",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "subarashii",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "素晴らしい",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すばらしい",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "subarashii",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "attributive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "素晴らしけれ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すばらしけれ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "subarashikere",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "素晴らしかれ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すばらしかれ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "subarashikare",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "素晴らしくない",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すばらしくない",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "subarashiku nai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "素晴らしかった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すばらしかった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "subarashikatta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "素晴らしくなかった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すばらしくなかった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "subarashiku nakatta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "素晴らしいです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すばらしいです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "subarashii desu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "素晴らしくないです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すばらしくないです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "subarashiku nai desu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "素晴らしかったです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すばらしかったです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "subarashikatta desu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "素晴らしくなかったです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すばらしくなかったです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "subarashiku nakatta desu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "素晴らしくて",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すばらしくて",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "subarashikute",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "素晴らしければ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すばらしければ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "subarashikereba",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "素晴らしかったら",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すばらしかったら",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "subarashikattara",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "素晴らしかろう",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すばらしかろう",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "subarashikarō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "素晴らしく",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すばらしく",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "subarashiku",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "素晴らしさ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-adj"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すばらしさ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-adj"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "subarashisa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-adj"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "すばらしい",
        "infl": "i"
      },
      "expansion": "素(す)晴(ば)らしい • (subarashii) -i (adverbial 素(す)晴(ば)らしく (subarashiku))",
      "name": "ja-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "adverbial": "く",
        "attributive": "い",
        "conditional": "ければ",
        "conjunctive": "くて",
        "continuative": "く",
        "degree": "さ",
        "formal": "い です",
        "formal_negative": "く ない です",
        "formal_negative_past": "く なかった です",
        "formal_past": "かった です",
        "hypothetical": "けれ",
        "imperative": "かれ",
        "imperfective": "かろ",
        "informal_negative": "く ない",
        "informal_negative_past": "く なかった",
        "informal_past": "かった",
        "kana": "すばらし",
        "lemma": "素晴らし",
        "provisional": "かったら",
        "terminal": "い",
        "volitional": "かろう"
      },
      "name": "ja-adj-infl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "terrific, wonderful, splendid, grand, magnificent"
      ],
      "id": "en-素晴らしい-ja-adj-oQtj8VjZ",
      "links": [
        [
          "terrific",
          "terrific"
        ],
        [
          "wonderful",
          "wonderful"
        ],
        [
          "splendid",
          "splendid"
        ],
        [
          "grand",
          "grand"
        ],
        [
          "magnificent",
          "magnificent"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "94 6",
          "roman": "subarashiki",
          "sense": "terrific, wonderful",
          "tags": [
            "adnominal"
          ],
          "word": "素晴らしき"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 6",
          "english": "wonderful",
          "roman": "suteki",
          "sense": "terrific, wonderful",
          "word": "素敵"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 6",
          "english": "amazing",
          "roman": "sugoi",
          "sense": "terrific, wonderful",
          "word": "凄い"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "17 83",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 96",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 96",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 96",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 100",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms suffixed with しい",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 91",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 96",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "extreme, terrible"
      ],
      "id": "en-素晴らしい-ja-adj-~fkKVVJN",
      "links": [
        [
          "extreme",
          "extreme"
        ],
        [
          "terrible",
          "terrible"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) extreme, terrible"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "4 96",
          "english": "terrible",
          "roman": "sugoi",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "凄",
              "すご"
            ]
          ],
          "sense": "extreme, terrible",
          "word": "凄い"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "すばらしい"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[sɨᵝba̠ɾa̠ɕiː]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Daijisen",
    "Edo period",
    "Shogakukan",
    "Tōkyō",
    "ja:大辞林",
    "ja:大辞泉",
    "ja:松村明"
  ],
  "word": "素晴らしい"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese adjectives",
    "Japanese compound terms",
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with manual fragments",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese terms spelled with ateji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms suffixed with しい",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
    "Japanese い-i adjectives"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zh",
            "2": "斯巴拉西",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Chinese: 斯巴拉西 (sībālāxī)",
          "name": "descendant"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Chinese: 斯巴拉西 (sībālāxī)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "窄る",
        "2": "すばる",
        "3": "-し.い",
        "pos1": "archaic",
        "pos2": "adjectivizing suffix evoking the quality of the suffixed term",
        "s1": "",
        "t1": "to shrink, to get smaller"
      },
      "expansion": "窄(すば)る (subaru, “to shrink, to get smaller”, archaic) + しい (-shii, adjectivizing suffix evoking the quality of the suffixed term)",
      "name": "ja-compound"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "窄まる",
        "tr": "subomaru"
      },
      "expansion": "窄まる (subomaru)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "窄める",
        "tr": "subomeru"
      },
      "expansion": "窄める (subomeru)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "当て字"
      },
      "expansion": "当て字",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "素晴らしい"
      },
      "expansion": "すはらしい'",
      "name": "sortkey"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "ateji (当て字)",
      "name": "ateji"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "terrific"
      },
      "expansion": "English terrific",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "terrify"
      },
      "expansion": "terrify",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "当て字"
      },
      "expansion": "当て字",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "素晴らしい"
      },
      "expansion": "すはらしい'",
      "name": "sortkey"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "ateji (当て字)",
      "name": "ateji"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Originally derived from 窄(すば)る (subaru, “to shrink, to get smaller”, archaic) + しい (-shii, adjectivizing suffix evoking the quality of the suffixed term), from the sense of “that which makes one shrink away”. Compare verbs 窄まる (subomaru), 窄める (subomeru). The kanji spelling is an example of ateji (当て字).\nThe initial sense was strongly negative, and this usage continued until at least the mid-1800s in the Edo period, since when the meaning shifted to a strong positive instead. Compare the development of English terrific, of strongly positive meanings, from terrify, of strongly negative meanings.\nThe modern kanji spelling could be considered an example of ateji (当て字).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "素晴らしい",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "素",
          "す"
        ],
        [
          "晴",
          "ば"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "subarashii",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "素晴らしく",
      "roman": "subarashiku",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "素",
          "す"
        ],
        [
          "晴",
          "ば"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-i",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "素晴らしかろ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すばらしかろ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "subarashikaro",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "素晴らしく",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すばらしく",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "subarashiku",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "continuative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "素晴らしい",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すばらしい",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "subarashii",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "素晴らしい",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すばらしい",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "subarashii",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "attributive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "素晴らしけれ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すばらしけれ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "subarashikere",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "素晴らしかれ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すばらしかれ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "subarashikare",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "素晴らしくない",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すばらしくない",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "subarashiku nai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "素晴らしかった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すばらしかった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "subarashikatta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "素晴らしくなかった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すばらしくなかった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "subarashiku nakatta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "素晴らしいです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すばらしいです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "subarashii desu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "素晴らしくないです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すばらしくないです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "subarashiku nai desu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "素晴らしかったです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すばらしかったです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "subarashikatta desu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "素晴らしくなかったです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すばらしくなかったです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "subarashiku nakatta desu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "素晴らしくて",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すばらしくて",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "subarashikute",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "素晴らしければ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すばらしければ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "subarashikereba",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "素晴らしかったら",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すばらしかったら",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "subarashikattara",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "素晴らしかろう",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すばらしかろう",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "subarashikarō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "素晴らしく",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すばらしく",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "subarashiku",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "素晴らしさ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-adj"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すばらしさ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-adj"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "subarashisa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-adj"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "すばらしい",
        "infl": "i"
      },
      "expansion": "素(す)晴(ば)らしい • (subarashii) -i (adverbial 素(す)晴(ば)らしく (subarashiku))",
      "name": "ja-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "adverbial": "く",
        "attributive": "い",
        "conditional": "ければ",
        "conjunctive": "くて",
        "continuative": "く",
        "degree": "さ",
        "formal": "い です",
        "formal_negative": "く ない です",
        "formal_negative_past": "く なかった です",
        "formal_past": "かった です",
        "hypothetical": "けれ",
        "imperative": "かれ",
        "imperfective": "かろ",
        "informal_negative": "く ない",
        "informal_negative_past": "く なかった",
        "informal_past": "かった",
        "kana": "すばらし",
        "lemma": "素晴らし",
        "provisional": "かったら",
        "terminal": "い",
        "volitional": "かろう"
      },
      "name": "ja-adj-infl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "terrific, wonderful, splendid, grand, magnificent"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "terrific",
          "terrific"
        ],
        [
          "wonderful",
          "wonderful"
        ],
        [
          "splendid",
          "splendid"
        ],
        [
          "grand",
          "grand"
        ],
        [
          "magnificent",
          "magnificent"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "extreme, terrible"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "extreme",
          "extreme"
        ],
        [
          "terrible",
          "terrible"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) extreme, terrible"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "すばらしい"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[sɨᵝba̠ɾa̠ɕiː]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "subarashiki",
      "sense": "terrific, wonderful",
      "tags": [
        "adnominal"
      ],
      "word": "素晴らしき"
    },
    {
      "english": "wonderful",
      "roman": "suteki",
      "sense": "terrific, wonderful",
      "word": "素敵"
    },
    {
      "english": "amazing",
      "roman": "sugoi",
      "sense": "terrific, wonderful",
      "word": "凄い"
    },
    {
      "english": "terrible",
      "roman": "sugoi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "凄",
          "すご"
        ]
      ],
      "sense": "extreme, terrible",
      "word": "凄い"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Daijisen",
    "Edo period",
    "Shogakukan",
    "Tōkyō",
    "ja:大辞林",
    "ja:大辞泉",
    "ja:松村明"
  ],
  "word": "素晴らしい"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.