"算盤" meaning in Japanese

See 算盤 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: [so̞ɾo̞bã̠ɴ] Forms: 算盤 [canonical] (ruby: (そろ), (ばん)), soroban [romanization]
Etymology: Japanese sources consistently describe the abacus itself as being imported to Japan from China some time during the Muromachi period (1336–1573), although there is some disagreement as to whether this happened early in the period, or late. First attested with the reading soroban in the 1595 trilingual Latin-Portuguese-Japanese dictionary Dictionarium Latino Lusitanicum, Ac Iaponicum, also 羅葡日対訳辞書 (Ra-Ho-Nichi Taiyaku Jisho, “Latin-Portuguese-Japanese Translation Dictionary”) based on work originally by Ambrogio Calepino, corroborated in the Nippo Jisho of 1603. Japanese sources generally describe the soroban reading as a shift or corruption from the reading swanpan, the 唐音 (tōon, literally "Tang sound", referring to the Chinese-derived kanji readings that were borrowed into Japanese during the Tang dynasty or later) for the kanji spelling. However, this is problematic on phonological grounds: * There is no known phonological process whereby swan would become soro in Japanese. * Middle Chinese swan consistently became Japanese san in all other known instances of the Chinese reading swan for any kanji character. * The character 算 appearing as the first character in 算盤 (soroban) is also read as san, and san is similarly listed as a synonym for soroban in the 1595 dictionary entry. An alternative, albeit speculative, explanation is that this soro- is some other morpheme unrelated to the Chinese. If so, this might be native root soro-, as seen in adverb そろそろ (sorosoro, “quietly and calmly”), そろり (sorori) and そろっと (sorotto, “quietly and smoothly; slidingly, glidingly”), verb 揃う (sorou, “to be in alignment; to be in order; to match, to go together”). Notably, this term appears historically with the alternative kanji spelling 三羅盤. Given the expected Japanese readings of these characters, this may have been read as saraban. Root sara- -- and also root suru- -- also appear in various terms related to senses of smooth, gliding, sliding. Etymology templates: {{wp|そろばん|lang=ja}}, {{wp|Abacus}}, {{m|ja||羅葡日対訳辞書|Latin-Portuguese-Japanese Translation Dictionary|tr=Ra-Ho-Nichi Taiyaku Jisho}} 羅葡日対訳辞書 (Ra-Ho-Nichi Taiyaku Jisho, “Latin-Portuguese-Japanese Translation Dictionary”), {{m|ja|唐音|pos=literally "Tang sound", referring to the Chinese-derived kanji readings that were borrowed into Japanese during the Tang dynasty or later|tr=tōon}} 唐音 (tōon, literally "Tang sound", referring to the Chinese-derived kanji readings that were borrowed into Japanese during the Tang dynasty or later), {{m|ja|算}} 算, {{m|ja|算盤|tr=soroban}} 算盤 (soroban), {{ja-r|そろそろ||quietly and calmly}} そろそろ (sorosoro, “quietly and calmly”), {{ja-r|そろり}} そろり (sorori), {{ja-r|そろっと||quietly and smoothly; slidingly, glidingly}} そろっと (sorotto, “quietly and smoothly; slidingly, glidingly”), {{m|ja|揃う||to be in alignment; to be in order; to match, to go together|tr=sorou}} 揃う (sorou, “to be in alignment; to be in order; to match, to go together”), {{m|ja|三羅盤}} 三羅盤, {{m|en|smooth, gliding, sliding}} smooth, gliding, sliding Head templates: {{ja-noun|そろばん}} 算(そろ)盤(ばん) • (soroban)
  1. (mathematics) an abacus Categories (topical): Mathematics
    Sense id: en-算盤-ja-noun--Boanrqc Categories (other): Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys Topics: mathematics, sciences Derived forms: 算盤占い (soroban'uranai) (ruby: 算盤占(そろばんうらな)), 算盤が合う (soroban ga au) (ruby: 算盤(そろばん), ()), 算盤が持てない (soroban ga motenai) (ruby: 算盤(そろばん), ()), 算盤勘定 (sorobankanjō) (ruby: 算盤勘定(そろばんかんじょう)), 算盤木 (sorobangi) (ruby: 算盤木(そろばんぎ)), 算盤桟手 (sorobansade) (ruby: 算盤桟手(そろばんさで)), 算盤絞り (sorobanshibori) (ruby: 算盤絞(そろばんしぼ)), 算盤尽く (sorobanzuku) (ruby: 算盤尽(そろばんず)), 算盤責め (sorobanzeme) (ruby: 算盤責(そろばんぜ)), 算盤高い (sorobandakai) (ruby: 算盤高(そろばんだか)), 算盤玉 (sorobandama) (ruby: 算盤玉(そろばんだま)), 算盤の玉はずれ (soroban no tama wa zure) (ruby: 算盤(そろばん), (たま)), 算盤を置く (soroban o oku) (ruby: 算盤(そろばん), ()), 算盤を弾く (soroban o hajiku) (ruby: 算盤(そろばん), (はじ)), 算盤を枕にする (soroban o makura ni suru) (ruby: 算盤(そろばん), (まくら))
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Noun

IPA: [sã̠mbã̠ɴ] Forms: 算盤 [canonical] (ruby: (さん), (ばん)), sanban [romanization], さんばん [hiragana, historical]
Etymology: Ultimately from Middle Chinese 算盤 (MC swanX ban, “abacus”, literally “calculation + board, grid”). Compare modern Min Nan reading sǹg-pôaⁿ, Mandarin suànpán. Japanese sources consistently describe the abacus itself as being imported to Japan from China some time during the Muromachi period (1336–1573), although there is some disagreement as to whether this happened early in the period, or late. First attested with the reading sanban to a text from 1688. Etymology templates: {{m|ja|算盤|tr=sanban}} 算盤 (sanban), {{wp|算盤|算盤 (sanban)|lang=ja}}, {{der|ja|ltc|-|sort=さんばん}} Middle Chinese, {{ltc-l|算盤|abacus|lit=calculation + board, grid}} 算盤 (MC swanX ban, “abacus”, literally “calculation + board, grid”), {{cog|nan|-}} Min Nan, {{cog|cmn|-}} Mandarin Head templates: {{ja-noun|さんばん|hhira=さんばん}} 算(さん)盤(ばん) • (sanban) ^(←さんばん (sanban)?)
  1. (mathematics) a kind of grid used in 和算 (wasan, “traditional Japanese mathematics”) to calculate higher-order functions Categories (topical): Mathematics
    Sense id: en-算盤-ja-noun-J9pf7uqJ Categories (other): Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant alt parameters, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with multiple readings, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 20 59 20 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant alt parameters: 25 49 25 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 25 50 25 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with multiple readings: 16 69 16 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 25 49 25 Topics: mathematics, sciences
  2. (mathematics) an abacus Categories (topical): Mathematics
    Sense id: en-算盤-ja-noun--Boanrqc1 Categories (other): Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys Topics: mathematics, sciences
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Download JSON data for 算盤 meaning in Japanese (11.3kB)

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "そろばん",
        "lang": "ja"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "wp"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Abacus"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "wp"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "",
        "3": "羅葡日対訳辞書",
        "4": "Latin-Portuguese-Japanese Translation Dictionary",
        "tr": "Ra-Ho-Nichi Taiyaku Jisho"
      },
      "expansion": "羅葡日対訳辞書 (Ra-Ho-Nichi Taiyaku Jisho, “Latin-Portuguese-Japanese Translation Dictionary”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "唐音",
        "pos": "literally \"Tang sound\", referring to the Chinese-derived kanji readings that were borrowed into Japanese during the Tang dynasty or later",
        "tr": "tōon"
      },
      "expansion": "唐音 (tōon, literally \"Tang sound\", referring to the Chinese-derived kanji readings that were borrowed into Japanese during the Tang dynasty or later)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "算"
      },
      "expansion": "算",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "算盤",
        "tr": "soroban"
      },
      "expansion": "算盤 (soroban)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "そろそろ",
        "2": "",
        "3": "quietly and calmly"
      },
      "expansion": "そろそろ (sorosoro, “quietly and calmly”)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "そろり"
      },
      "expansion": "そろり (sorori)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "そろっと",
        "2": "",
        "3": "quietly and smoothly; slidingly, glidingly"
      },
      "expansion": "そろっと (sorotto, “quietly and smoothly; slidingly, glidingly”)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "揃う",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to be in alignment; to be in order; to match, to go together",
        "tr": "sorou"
      },
      "expansion": "揃う (sorou, “to be in alignment; to be in order; to match, to go together”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "三羅盤"
      },
      "expansion": "三羅盤",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "smooth, gliding, sliding"
      },
      "expansion": "smooth, gliding, sliding",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Japanese sources consistently describe the abacus itself as being imported to Japan from China some time during the Muromachi period (1336–1573), although there is some disagreement as to whether this happened early in the period, or late.\nFirst attested with the reading soroban in the 1595 trilingual Latin-Portuguese-Japanese dictionary Dictionarium Latino Lusitanicum, Ac Iaponicum, also 羅葡日対訳辞書 (Ra-Ho-Nichi Taiyaku Jisho, “Latin-Portuguese-Japanese Translation Dictionary”) based on work originally by Ambrogio Calepino, corroborated in the Nippo Jisho of 1603.\nJapanese sources generally describe the soroban reading as a shift or corruption from the reading swanpan, the 唐音 (tōon, literally \"Tang sound\", referring to the Chinese-derived kanji readings that were borrowed into Japanese during the Tang dynasty or later) for the kanji spelling. However, this is problematic on phonological grounds:\n* There is no known phonological process whereby swan would become soro in Japanese.\n* Middle Chinese swan consistently became Japanese san in all other known instances of the Chinese reading swan for any kanji character.\n* The character 算 appearing as the first character in 算盤 (soroban) is also read as san, and san is similarly listed as a synonym for soroban in the 1595 dictionary entry.\nAn alternative, albeit speculative, explanation is that this soro- is some other morpheme unrelated to the Chinese. If so, this might be native root soro-, as seen in adverb そろそろ (sorosoro, “quietly and calmly”), そろり (sorori) and そろっと (sorotto, “quietly and smoothly; slidingly, glidingly”), verb 揃う (sorou, “to be in alignment; to be in order; to match, to go together”).\nNotably, this term appears historically with the alternative kanji spelling 三羅盤. Given the expected Japanese readings of these characters, this may have been read as saraban. Root sara- -- and also root suru- -- also appear in various terms related to senses of smooth, gliding, sliding.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "算盤",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "算",
          "そろ"
        ],
        [
          "盤",
          "ばん"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "soroban",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "そろばん"
      },
      "expansion": "算(そろ)盤(ばん) • (soroban)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Mathematics",
          "orig": "ja:Mathematics",
          "parents": [
            "Formal sciences",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "roman": "soroban'uranai",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "算盤占",
              "そろばんうらな"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "算盤占い"
        },
        {
          "roman": "soroban ga au",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "算盤",
              "そろばん"
            ],
            [
              "合",
              "あ"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "算盤が合う"
        },
        {
          "roman": "soroban ga motenai",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "算盤",
              "そろばん"
            ],
            [
              "持",
              "も"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "算盤が持てない"
        },
        {
          "roman": "sorobankanjō",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "算盤勘定",
              "そろばんかんじょう"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "算盤勘定"
        },
        {
          "roman": "sorobangi",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "算盤木",
              "そろばんぎ"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "算盤木"
        },
        {
          "roman": "sorobansade",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "算盤桟手",
              "そろばんさで"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "算盤桟手"
        },
        {
          "roman": "sorobanshibori",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "算盤絞",
              "そろばんしぼ"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "算盤絞り"
        },
        {
          "roman": "sorobanzuku",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "算盤尽",
              "そろばんず"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "算盤尽く"
        },
        {
          "roman": "sorobanzeme",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "算盤責",
              "そろばんぜ"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "算盤責め"
        },
        {
          "roman": "sorobandakai",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "算盤高",
              "そろばんだか"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "算盤高い"
        },
        {
          "roman": "sorobandama",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "算盤玉",
              "そろばんだま"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "算盤玉"
        },
        {
          "roman": "soroban no tama wa zure",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "算盤",
              "そろばん"
            ],
            [
              "玉",
              "たま"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "算盤の玉はずれ"
        },
        {
          "roman": "soroban o oku",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "算盤",
              "そろばん"
            ],
            [
              "置",
              "お"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "算盤を置く"
        },
        {
          "roman": "soroban o hajiku",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "算盤",
              "そろばん"
            ],
            [
              "弾",
              "はじ"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "算盤を弾く"
        },
        {
          "roman": "soroban o makura ni suru",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "算盤",
              "そろばん"
            ],
            [
              "枕",
              "まくら"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "算盤を枕にする"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "calculate in base-6 using one's hands as an abacus",
          "roman": "te o soroban to shite roku-shinhō de keisan suru",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "手",
              "て"
            ],
            [
              "算盤",
              "そろばん"
            ],
            [
              "六進法",
              "ろくしんほう"
            ],
            [
              "計算",
              "けいさん"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "手を算盤として六進法で計算する"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "an abacus"
      ],
      "id": "en-算盤-ja-noun--Boanrqc",
      "links": [
        [
          "mathematics",
          "mathematics"
        ],
        [
          "abacus",
          "abacus"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(mathematics) an abacus"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "mathematics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "そろばん"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[so̞ɾo̞bã̠ɴ]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Ambrogio Calepino",
    "Daijisen",
    "Muromachi period",
    "Nippo Jisho",
    "Shogakukan",
    "Tang dynasty",
    "Tōkyō",
    "ja:大辞泉",
    "ja:松村明",
    "算盤"
  ],
  "word": "算盤"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "算盤",
        "tr": "sanban"
      },
      "expansion": "算盤 (sanban)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "算盤",
        "2": "算盤 (sanban)",
        "lang": "ja"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "wp"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ltc",
        "3": "-",
        "sort": "さんばん"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Chinese",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "算盤",
        "2": "abacus",
        "lit": "calculation + board, grid"
      },
      "expansion": "算盤 (MC swanX ban, “abacus”, literally “calculation + board, grid”)",
      "name": "ltc-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nan",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Min Nan",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cmn",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Mandarin",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Ultimately from Middle Chinese 算盤 (MC swanX ban, “abacus”, literally “calculation + board, grid”). Compare modern Min Nan reading sǹg-pôaⁿ, Mandarin suànpán.\nJapanese sources consistently describe the abacus itself as being imported to Japan from China some time during the Muromachi period (1336–1573), although there is some disagreement as to whether this happened early in the period, or late.\nFirst attested with the reading sanban to a text from 1688.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "算盤",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "算",
          "さん"
        ],
        [
          "盤",
          "ばん"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sanban",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "さんばん",
      "roman": "sanban",
      "tags": [
        "hiragana",
        "historical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "さんばん",
        "hhira": "さんばん"
      },
      "expansion": "算(さん)盤(ばん) • (sanban) ^(←さんばん (sanban)?)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Mathematics",
          "orig": "ja:Mathematics",
          "parents": [
            "Formal sciences",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 59 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 49 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 50 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 69 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 49 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a kind of grid used in 和算 (wasan, “traditional Japanese mathematics”) to calculate higher-order functions"
      ],
      "id": "en-算盤-ja-noun-J9pf7uqJ",
      "links": [
        [
          "mathematics",
          "mathematics"
        ],
        [
          "grid",
          "grid"
        ],
        [
          "和算",
          "和算#Japanese"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(mathematics) a kind of grid used in 和算 (wasan, “traditional Japanese mathematics”) to calculate higher-order functions"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "mathematics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Mathematics",
          "orig": "ja:Mathematics",
          "parents": [
            "Formal sciences",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "an abacus"
      ],
      "id": "en-算盤-ja-noun--Boanrqc1",
      "links": [
        [
          "mathematics",
          "mathematics"
        ],
        [
          "abacus",
          "abacus"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(mathematics) an abacus"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "mathematics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "さんばん"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[sã̠mbã̠ɴ]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Daijisen",
    "Muromachi period",
    "Shogakukan",
    "Tōkyō",
    "ja:大辞泉",
    "ja:松村明"
  ],
  "word": "算盤"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
    "Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms written with two Han script characters"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "soroban'uranai",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "算盤占",
          "そろばんうらな"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "算盤占い"
    },
    {
      "roman": "soroban ga au",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "算盤",
          "そろばん"
        ],
        [
          "合",
          "あ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "算盤が合う"
    },
    {
      "roman": "soroban ga motenai",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "算盤",
          "そろばん"
        ],
        [
          "持",
          "も"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "算盤が持てない"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sorobankanjō",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "算盤勘定",
          "そろばんかんじょう"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "算盤勘定"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sorobangi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "算盤木",
          "そろばんぎ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "算盤木"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sorobansade",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "算盤桟手",
          "そろばんさで"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "算盤桟手"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sorobanshibori",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "算盤絞",
          "そろばんしぼ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "算盤絞り"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sorobanzuku",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "算盤尽",
          "そろばんず"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "算盤尽く"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sorobanzeme",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "算盤責",
          "そろばんぜ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "算盤責め"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sorobandakai",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "算盤高",
          "そろばんだか"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "算盤高い"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sorobandama",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "算盤玉",
          "そろばんだま"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "算盤玉"
    },
    {
      "roman": "soroban no tama wa zure",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "算盤",
          "そろばん"
        ],
        [
          "玉",
          "たま"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "算盤の玉はずれ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "soroban o oku",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "算盤",
          "そろばん"
        ],
        [
          "置",
          "お"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "算盤を置く"
    },
    {
      "roman": "soroban o hajiku",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "算盤",
          "そろばん"
        ],
        [
          "弾",
          "はじ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "算盤を弾く"
    },
    {
      "roman": "soroban o makura ni suru",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "算盤",
          "そろばん"
        ],
        [
          "枕",
          "まくら"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "算盤を枕にする"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "そろばん",
        "lang": "ja"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "wp"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Abacus"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "wp"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "",
        "3": "羅葡日対訳辞書",
        "4": "Latin-Portuguese-Japanese Translation Dictionary",
        "tr": "Ra-Ho-Nichi Taiyaku Jisho"
      },
      "expansion": "羅葡日対訳辞書 (Ra-Ho-Nichi Taiyaku Jisho, “Latin-Portuguese-Japanese Translation Dictionary”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "唐音",
        "pos": "literally \"Tang sound\", referring to the Chinese-derived kanji readings that were borrowed into Japanese during the Tang dynasty or later",
        "tr": "tōon"
      },
      "expansion": "唐音 (tōon, literally \"Tang sound\", referring to the Chinese-derived kanji readings that were borrowed into Japanese during the Tang dynasty or later)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "算"
      },
      "expansion": "算",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "算盤",
        "tr": "soroban"
      },
      "expansion": "算盤 (soroban)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "そろそろ",
        "2": "",
        "3": "quietly and calmly"
      },
      "expansion": "そろそろ (sorosoro, “quietly and calmly”)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "そろり"
      },
      "expansion": "そろり (sorori)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "そろっと",
        "2": "",
        "3": "quietly and smoothly; slidingly, glidingly"
      },
      "expansion": "そろっと (sorotto, “quietly and smoothly; slidingly, glidingly”)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "揃う",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to be in alignment; to be in order; to match, to go together",
        "tr": "sorou"
      },
      "expansion": "揃う (sorou, “to be in alignment; to be in order; to match, to go together”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "三羅盤"
      },
      "expansion": "三羅盤",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "smooth, gliding, sliding"
      },
      "expansion": "smooth, gliding, sliding",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Japanese sources consistently describe the abacus itself as being imported to Japan from China some time during the Muromachi period (1336–1573), although there is some disagreement as to whether this happened early in the period, or late.\nFirst attested with the reading soroban in the 1595 trilingual Latin-Portuguese-Japanese dictionary Dictionarium Latino Lusitanicum, Ac Iaponicum, also 羅葡日対訳辞書 (Ra-Ho-Nichi Taiyaku Jisho, “Latin-Portuguese-Japanese Translation Dictionary”) based on work originally by Ambrogio Calepino, corroborated in the Nippo Jisho of 1603.\nJapanese sources generally describe the soroban reading as a shift or corruption from the reading swanpan, the 唐音 (tōon, literally \"Tang sound\", referring to the Chinese-derived kanji readings that were borrowed into Japanese during the Tang dynasty or later) for the kanji spelling. However, this is problematic on phonological grounds:\n* There is no known phonological process whereby swan would become soro in Japanese.\n* Middle Chinese swan consistently became Japanese san in all other known instances of the Chinese reading swan for any kanji character.\n* The character 算 appearing as the first character in 算盤 (soroban) is also read as san, and san is similarly listed as a synonym for soroban in the 1595 dictionary entry.\nAn alternative, albeit speculative, explanation is that this soro- is some other morpheme unrelated to the Chinese. If so, this might be native root soro-, as seen in adverb そろそろ (sorosoro, “quietly and calmly”), そろり (sorori) and そろっと (sorotto, “quietly and smoothly; slidingly, glidingly”), verb 揃う (sorou, “to be in alignment; to be in order; to match, to go together”).\nNotably, this term appears historically with the alternative kanji spelling 三羅盤. Given the expected Japanese readings of these characters, this may have been read as saraban. Root sara- -- and also root suru- -- also appear in various terms related to senses of smooth, gliding, sliding.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "算盤",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "算",
          "そろ"
        ],
        [
          "盤",
          "ばん"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "soroban",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "そろばん"
      },
      "expansion": "算(そろ)盤(ばん) • (soroban)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "Japanese terms with usage examples",
        "ja:Mathematics"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "calculate in base-6 using one's hands as an abacus",
          "roman": "te o soroban to shite roku-shinhō de keisan suru",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "手",
              "て"
            ],
            [
              "算盤",
              "そろばん"
            ],
            [
              "六進法",
              "ろくしんほう"
            ],
            [
              "計算",
              "けいさん"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "手を算盤として六進法で計算する"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "an abacus"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mathematics",
          "mathematics"
        ],
        [
          "abacus",
          "abacus"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(mathematics) an abacus"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "mathematics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "そろばん"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[so̞ɾo̞bã̠ɴ]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Ambrogio Calepino",
    "Daijisen",
    "Muromachi period",
    "Nippo Jisho",
    "Shogakukan",
    "Tang dynasty",
    "Tōkyō",
    "ja:大辞泉",
    "ja:松村明",
    "算盤"
  ],
  "word": "算盤"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
    "Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms written with two Han script characters"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "算盤",
        "tr": "sanban"
      },
      "expansion": "算盤 (sanban)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "算盤",
        "2": "算盤 (sanban)",
        "lang": "ja"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "wp"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ltc",
        "3": "-",
        "sort": "さんばん"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Chinese",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "算盤",
        "2": "abacus",
        "lit": "calculation + board, grid"
      },
      "expansion": "算盤 (MC swanX ban, “abacus”, literally “calculation + board, grid”)",
      "name": "ltc-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nan",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Min Nan",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cmn",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Mandarin",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Ultimately from Middle Chinese 算盤 (MC swanX ban, “abacus”, literally “calculation + board, grid”). Compare modern Min Nan reading sǹg-pôaⁿ, Mandarin suànpán.\nJapanese sources consistently describe the abacus itself as being imported to Japan from China some time during the Muromachi period (1336–1573), although there is some disagreement as to whether this happened early in the period, or late.\nFirst attested with the reading sanban to a text from 1688.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "算盤",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "算",
          "さん"
        ],
        [
          "盤",
          "ばん"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sanban",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "さんばん",
      "roman": "sanban",
      "tags": [
        "hiragana",
        "historical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "さんばん",
        "hhira": "さんばん"
      },
      "expansion": "算(さん)盤(ばん) • (sanban) ^(←さんばん (sanban)?)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "ja:Mathematics"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a kind of grid used in 和算 (wasan, “traditional Japanese mathematics”) to calculate higher-order functions"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mathematics",
          "mathematics"
        ],
        [
          "grid",
          "grid"
        ],
        [
          "和算",
          "和算#Japanese"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(mathematics) a kind of grid used in 和算 (wasan, “traditional Japanese mathematics”) to calculate higher-order functions"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "mathematics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "ja:Mathematics"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "an abacus"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mathematics",
          "mathematics"
        ],
        [
          "abacus",
          "abacus"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(mathematics) an abacus"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "mathematics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "さんばん"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[sã̠mbã̠ɴ]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Daijisen",
    "Muromachi period",
    "Shogakukan",
    "Tōkyō",
    "ja:大辞泉",
    "ja:松村明"
  ],
  "word": "算盤"
}
{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "算盤"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "算盤",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/304",
  "msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
  "path": [
    "算盤"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "算盤",
  "trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "算盤"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "算盤",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (a644e18 and edd475d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.