See 暮らし in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "連%用%形",
"2": "れん%よう%けい",
"3": "stem or continuative form",
"rom": "ren'yōkei"
},
"expansion": "連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "暮らす",
"2": "くらす",
"3": "to live, to lead a life",
"pos": ""
},
"expansion": "暮(く)らす (kurasu, “to live, to lead a life”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "暮らす",
"2": "くらす",
"3": "to live, to lead a life"
},
"expansion": "連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 暮(く)らす (kurasu, “to live, to lead a life”).",
"name": "ja-ryk"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 暮(く)らす (kurasu, “to live, to lead a life”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "暮らし",
"ruby": [
[
"暮",
"く"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kurashi",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "くらし"
},
"expansion": "暮(く)らし • (kurashi)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "62 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 48",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with rendaku",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
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0,
7
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
8,
16
]
],
"english": "to make a living",
"roman": "kurashi o tateru",
"ruby": [
[
"暮",
"く"
],
[
"立",
"た"
]
],
"text": "暮らしを立てる",
"translation": "to make a living",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"life, living, livelihood, life circumstances"
],
"id": "en-暮らし-ja-noun-rVQ9bJEJ",
"links": [
[
"life",
"life"
],
[
"living",
"living"
],
[
"livelihood",
"livelihood"
],
[
"circumstances",
"circumstances"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "seikatsu",
"ruby": [
[
"生",
"せい"
],
[
"活",
"かつ"
]
],
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "生活"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "くらし"
},
{
"ipa": "[kɯ̟ɾa̠ɕi]"
}
],
"word": "暮らし"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "暮らし",
"2": "くらし"
},
"expansion": "暮(く)らし (kurashi)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "連%濁",
"2": "れん%だく",
"rom": "-"
},
"expansion": "連(れん)濁(だく)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "暮らし"
},
"expansion": "くらし",
"name": "sortkey"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kurashi",
"2": "gurashi"
},
"expansion": "The kurashi changes to gurashi as an instance of rendaku (連(れん)濁(だく)).",
"name": "ja-rendaku2"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From 暮(く)らし (kurashi) above. The kurashi changes to gurashi as an instance of rendaku (連(れん)濁(だく)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "暮らし",
"ruby": [
[
"暮",
"ぐ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "-gurashi",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix",
"2": "ぐらし"
},
"expansion": "暮(ぐ)らし • (-gurashi)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "62 38",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with rendaku",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "living alone, single life",
"roman": "hitorigurashi",
"ruby": [
[
"一人暮",
"ひとりぐ"
]
],
"translation": "living alone, single life",
"word": "一人暮らし"
},
{
"roman": "futarigurashi",
"ruby": [
[
"二人暮",
"ふたりぐ"
]
],
"word": "二人暮らし"
},
{
"roman": "kaigaigurashi",
"ruby": [
[
"海外暮",
"かいがいぐ"
]
],
"word": "海外暮らし"
},
{
"roman": "binbōgurashi",
"ruby": [
[
"貧乏暮",
"びんぼうぐ"
]
],
"word": "貧乏暮らし"
},
{
"roman": "jikkagurashi",
"ruby": [
[
"実家暮",
"じっかぐ"
]
],
"word": "実家暮らし"
},
{
"roman": "inakagurashi",
"ruby": [
[
"田舎暮",
"いなかぐ"
]
],
"word": "田舎暮らし"
},
{
"roman": "higurashi",
"ruby": [
[
"日暮",
"ひぐ"
]
],
"word": "日暮らし"
},
{
"roman": "sonohigurashi",
"ruby": [
[
"日暮",
"ひぐ"
]
],
"word": "その日暮らし"
}
],
"glosses": [
"life, living, livelihood, life circumstances"
],
"id": "en-暮らし-ja-suffix-rVQ9bJEJ",
"links": [
[
"life",
"life"
],
[
"living",
"living"
],
[
"livelihood",
"livelihood"
],
[
"circumstances",
"circumstances"
]
],
"related": [
{
"english": "(verb) to live a life",
"roman": "kurasu",
"ruby": [
[
"暮",
"く"
]
],
"translation": "(verb) to live a life",
"word": "暮らす"
},
{
"english": "(verb) to end, to near the end",
"roman": "kureru",
"ruby": [
[
"暮",
"く"
]
],
"translation": "(verb) to end, to near the end",
"word": "暮れる"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "くらし"
},
{
"ipa": "[kɯ̟ɾa̠ɕi]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡɯ̟ɾa̠ɕi]"
},
{
"other": "くらし"
},
{
"ipa": "[kɯ̟ɾa̠ɕi]"
}
],
"word": "暮らし"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suffixes",
"Japanese terms spelled with sixth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"Japanese terms with Heiban pitch accent (Tōkyō)",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation with pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with rendaku",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "連%用%形",
"2": "れん%よう%けい",
"3": "stem or continuative form",
"rom": "ren'yōkei"
},
"expansion": "連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "暮らす",
"2": "くらす",
"3": "to live, to lead a life",
"pos": ""
},
"expansion": "暮(く)らす (kurasu, “to live, to lead a life”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "暮らす",
"2": "くらす",
"3": "to live, to lead a life"
},
"expansion": "連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 暮(く)らす (kurasu, “to live, to lead a life”).",
"name": "ja-ryk"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 暮(く)らす (kurasu, “to live, to lead a life”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "暮らし",
"ruby": [
[
"暮",
"く"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kurashi",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "くらし"
},
"expansion": "暮(く)らし • (kurashi)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
7
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],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
8,
16
]
],
"english": "to make a living",
"roman": "kurashi o tateru",
"ruby": [
[
"暮",
"く"
],
[
"立",
"た"
]
],
"text": "暮らしを立てる",
"translation": "to make a living",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"life, living, livelihood, life circumstances"
],
"links": [
[
"life",
"life"
],
[
"living",
"living"
],
[
"livelihood",
"livelihood"
],
[
"circumstances",
"circumstances"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "くらし"
},
{
"ipa": "[kɯ̟ɾa̠ɕi]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "seikatsu",
"ruby": [
[
"生",
"せい"
],
[
"活",
"かつ"
]
],
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "生活"
}
],
"word": "暮らし"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese suffixes",
"Japanese terms spelled with sixth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"Japanese terms with Heiban pitch accent (Tōkyō)",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation with pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with rendaku",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "living alone, single life",
"roman": "hitorigurashi",
"ruby": [
[
"一人暮",
"ひとりぐ"
]
],
"translation": "living alone, single life",
"word": "一人暮らし"
},
{
"roman": "futarigurashi",
"ruby": [
[
"二人暮",
"ふたりぐ"
]
],
"word": "二人暮らし"
},
{
"roman": "kaigaigurashi",
"ruby": [
[
"海外暮",
"かいがいぐ"
]
],
"word": "海外暮らし"
},
{
"roman": "binbōgurashi",
"ruby": [
[
"貧乏暮",
"びんぼうぐ"
]
],
"word": "貧乏暮らし"
},
{
"roman": "jikkagurashi",
"ruby": [
[
"実家暮",
"じっかぐ"
]
],
"word": "実家暮らし"
},
{
"roman": "inakagurashi",
"ruby": [
[
"田舎暮",
"いなかぐ"
]
],
"word": "田舎暮らし"
},
{
"roman": "higurashi",
"ruby": [
[
"日暮",
"ひぐ"
]
],
"word": "日暮らし"
},
{
"roman": "sonohigurashi",
"ruby": [
[
"日暮",
"ひぐ"
]
],
"word": "その日暮らし"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "暮らし",
"2": "くらし"
},
"expansion": "暮(く)らし (kurashi)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "連%濁",
"2": "れん%だく",
"rom": "-"
},
"expansion": "連(れん)濁(だく)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "暮らし"
},
"expansion": "くらし",
"name": "sortkey"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kurashi",
"2": "gurashi"
},
"expansion": "The kurashi changes to gurashi as an instance of rendaku (連(れん)濁(だく)).",
"name": "ja-rendaku2"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From 暮(く)らし (kurashi) above. The kurashi changes to gurashi as an instance of rendaku (連(れん)濁(だく)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "暮らし",
"ruby": [
[
"暮",
"ぐ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "-gurashi",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix",
"2": "ぐらし"
},
"expansion": "暮(ぐ)らし • (-gurashi)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"english": "(verb) to live a life",
"roman": "kurasu",
"ruby": [
[
"暮",
"く"
]
],
"translation": "(verb) to live a life",
"word": "暮らす"
},
{
"english": "(verb) to end, to near the end",
"roman": "kureru",
"ruby": [
[
"暮",
"く"
]
],
"translation": "(verb) to end, to near the end",
"word": "暮れる"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"life, living, livelihood, life circumstances"
],
"links": [
[
"life",
"life"
],
[
"living",
"living"
],
[
"livelihood",
"livelihood"
],
[
"circumstances",
"circumstances"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "くらし"
},
{
"ipa": "[kɯ̟ɾa̠ɕi]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡɯ̟ɾa̠ɕi]"
},
{
"other": "くらし"
},
{
"ipa": "[kɯ̟ɾa̠ɕi]"
}
],
"word": "暮らし"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 暮らし meaning in Japanese (5.7kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"暮らし"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "暮らし",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"暮らし"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "暮らし",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-09-27 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-09-20 using wiktextract (fc15ba6 and 1ab82da). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.