See 時間 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "out of time, past the deadline",
"roman": "jikangire",
"ruby": [
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
],
[
"切",
"ぎ"
]
],
"word": "時間切れ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "jikantai",
"word": "時間帯: time zone"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "such as for a TV program",
"word": "time slot"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "jikan tsubushi",
"word": "時間つぶし: wasting time"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "killing time"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "timetable",
"roman": "jikanwari",
"ruby": [
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
],
[
"割",
"わり"
]
],
"word": "時間割"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "business hours",
"roman": "eigyō jikan",
"ruby": [
[
"営",
"えい"
],
[
"業",
"ぎょう"
],
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
]
],
"word": "営業時間"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "required time",
"roman": "shoyō jikan",
"ruby": [
[
"所",
"しょ"
],
[
"要",
"よう"
],
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
]
],
"word": "所要時間"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "時間",
"bor": "y"
},
"expansion": "→ Chinese: 時間 /时间 (shíjiān)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Chinese: 時間 /时间 (shíjiān)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "시간(時間)",
"bor": "y"
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 시간(時間) (sigan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Korean: 시간(時間) (sigan)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "thời gian",
"bor": "y"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: thời gian",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Vietnamese: thời gian"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "じかん"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "時",
"2": "-じ",
"3": "間",
"4": "-かん",
"pos2": "time interval suffix",
"t1": "o'clock"
},
"expansion": "時(じ) (-ji, “o'clock”) + 間(かん) (-kan, time interval suffix)",
"name": "ja-compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "間",
"2": "-かん"
},
"expansion": "間(かん) (-kan)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "三%分%間",
"2": "さん%ぷん%かん"
},
"expansion": "三(さん)分(ぷん)間(かん) (sanpunkan)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "三日%間",
"2": "みっか%かん"
},
"expansion": "三日(みっか)間(かん) (mikkakan)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "時",
"2": "じ"
},
"expansion": "時(じ) (ji)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "間",
"2": "かん"
},
"expansion": "間(かん) (kan)",
"name": "ja-r"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably originally borrowed from Middle Chinese compound 時間 (dzyi kɛn, literally “time interval”). Repurposed in the early Meiji period as a translation of the western term time in relation to philosophy in the 1881 publication of 哲学字彙 (Tetsugaku Jii, “Philosophy Dictionary”) compiled by Inoue Tetsujirō. The meaning \"hour\" can be analyzed as a compound of 時(じ) (-ji, “o'clock”) + 間(かん) (-kan, time interval suffix). Compare other terms formed with the suffix 間(かん) (-kan) like 三(さん)分(ぷん)間(かん) (sanpunkan) and 三日(みっか)間(かん) (mikkakan).\nThe reading is a mix of the goon reading ji and the kan'on reading kan, suggesting either that the reading changed after borrowing (from the expected goon pronunciation of jiken or the expected kan'on pronunciation of shikan), or that this term was independently coined in Japanese after the constituent terms 時(じ) (ji) and 間(かん) (kan) were borrowed.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "時間",
"ruby": [
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "jikan",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "じかん"
},
"expansion": "時(じ)間(かん) • (jikan)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "duration, period",
"roman": "kikan",
"ruby": [
[
"期",
"き"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
]
],
"word": "期間"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "time and space",
"roman": "jikū",
"ruby": [
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"空",
"くう"
]
],
"word": "時空"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "space, a space",
"roman": "kūkan",
"ruby": [
[
"空",
"くう"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
]
],
"word": "空間"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "spacetime",
"roman": "jikūkan",
"ruby": [
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"空",
"くう"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
]
],
"word": "時空間"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "nissū",
"ruby": [
[
"日",
"にっ"
],
[
"数",
"すう"
]
],
"topics": [
"duration",
"time"
],
"word": "日数: number of days"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 10 10 0 27 10 10 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese counters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 31 0 17 31 0 17",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Time",
"orig": "ja:Time",
"parents": [
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Do you have any time?",
"roman": "Jikan wa arimasu ka?",
"ruby": [
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
]
],
"text": "時間はありますか？",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Any time works for me.",
"literal_meaning": "As for time, whenever is fine.",
"roman": "Jikan wa itsu de mo daijōbu desu.",
"ruby": [
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
],
[
"大",
"だい"
],
[
"丈",
"じょう"
],
[
"夫",
"ぶ"
]
],
"text": "時間はいつでも大丈夫です。",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "My, will you look at the time!",
"literal_meaning": "[it's] already this sort of time!",
"roman": "Mō konna jikan!",
"ruby": [
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
]
],
"text": "もうこんな時間！",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "never on time",
"literal_meaning": "lax about time",
"roman": "jikan ni rūzu",
"ruby": [
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
]
],
"text": "時間にルーズ",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "the relationship between time and space",
"roman": "jikan to kūkan no kankei",
"ruby": [
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
],
[
"空",
"くう"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
],
[
"関",
"かん"
],
[
"係",
"けい"
]
],
"text": "時間と空間の関係",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"time"
],
"id": "en-時間-ja-noun-M2B0gF~I",
"links": [
[
"time",
"time"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "One hour is 60 minutes.",
"roman": "Ichi-jikan wa rokujippun desu.",
"ruby": [
[
"1",
"いち"
],
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
],
[
"60",
"ろくじっ"
],
[
"分",
"ぷん"
]
],
"text": "1時間は 60分です。",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hour"
],
"id": "en-時間-ja-noun-msCt1HXd",
"links": [
[
"hour",
"hour"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "10 10 10 0 27 10 10 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese counters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 21 1 0 34 1 1 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 1 0 41 1 1 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 11 1 0 65 1 1 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 6 6 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms suffixed with 時",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 6 6 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms suffixed with 間",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 8 0 22 8 8 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 22 2 0 28 2 2 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 1 0 40 1 1 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 2 2 64",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 31 0 17 31 0 17",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Time",
"orig": "ja:Time",
"parents": [
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 23 2 0 28 2 2 19",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Units of measure",
"orig": "ja:Units of measure",
"parents": [
"Metrology",
"Quantity",
"Applied sciences",
"Mathematics",
"Sciences",
"Formal sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "was late for the exam",
"literal_meaning": "late to the time of the exam",
"roman": "shiken jikan ni okureta",
"ruby": [
[
"試",
"し"
],
[
"験",
"けん"
],
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
],
[
"遅",
"おく"
]
],
"text": "試験時間に遅れた",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Business hours are Monday to Wednesday, 9 AM to 2 PM.",
"roman": "Eigyō jikan wa getsu-ka-sui, gozen ku-ji kara gogo ni-ji made desu.",
"ruby": [
[
"営",
"えい"
],
[
"業",
"ぎょう"
],
[
"時間",
"じかん"
],
[
"月",
"げつ"
],
[
"火",
"か"
],
[
"水",
"すい"
],
[
"午",
"ご"
],
[
"前",
"ぜん"
],
[
"９",
"く"
],
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"午",
"ご"
],
[
"後",
"ご"
],
[
"２",
"に"
],
[
"時",
"じ"
]
],
"text": "営業時間は月火水、午前 ９時から午後 ２時までです。",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "hours of operation",
"roman": "kaikan jikan",
"ruby": [
[
"開",
"かい"
],
[
"館",
"かん"
],
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
]
],
"text": "開館時間",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Time's up!",
"literal_meaning": "It's time!",
"roman": "Jikan desu!",
"ruby": [
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
]
],
"text": "時間です！",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "We're closing now!",
"literal_meaning": "It's time for our closing!",
"roman": "Heien no jikan desu!",
"ruby": [
[
"閉",
"へい"
],
[
"園",
"えん"
],
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
]
],
"text": "閉園の時間です！",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "sorry for not having the time [to do something]",
"roman": "amari jikan ga nakute sumimasen",
"ruby": [
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
]
],
"text": "あまり時間がなくてすみません",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "It’s time to wake up",
"ref": "2002 July 27, Mashiba, Shin, “第(だい)壱(いち)夜(や) 下(クダ)リ階(カイ)段(ダン) [Night 1: Downward Stairway]”, in [夢](ゆめ)[喰](くい)[見](けん)[聞](ぶん) [The Dream-Eating Inspector], volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Square Enix, page 21:",
"roman": "Mezame no jikan da",
"ruby": [
[
"目",
"め"
],
[
"覚",
"ざ"
],
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
]
],
"text": "目覚めの時間だ",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the hours or time when something happens"
],
"id": "en-時間-ja-noun-4bOAOdXN",
"links": [
[
"hour",
"hour"
],
[
"time",
"time"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "じかん"
},
{
"ipa": "[d͡ʑikã̠ɴ]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijirin",
"Inoue Tetsujirō",
"Meiji period",
"University of Tokyo",
"ja:時間"
],
"word": "時間"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "じかん"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "時",
"2": "-じ",
"3": "間",
"4": "-かん",
"pos2": "time interval suffix",
"t1": "o'clock"
},
"expansion": "時(じ) (-ji, “o'clock”) + 間(かん) (-kan, time interval suffix)",
"name": "ja-compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "間",
"2": "-かん"
},
"expansion": "間(かん) (-kan)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "三%分%間",
"2": "さん%ぷん%かん"
},
"expansion": "三(さん)分(ぷん)間(かん) (sanpunkan)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "三日%間",
"2": "みっか%かん"
},
"expansion": "三日(みっか)間(かん) (mikkakan)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "時",
"2": "じ"
},
"expansion": "時(じ) (ji)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "間",
"2": "かん"
},
"expansion": "間(かん) (kan)",
"name": "ja-r"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably originally borrowed from Middle Chinese compound 時間 (dzyi kɛn, literally “time interval”). Repurposed in the early Meiji period as a translation of the western term time in relation to philosophy in the 1881 publication of 哲学字彙 (Tetsugaku Jii, “Philosophy Dictionary”) compiled by Inoue Tetsujirō. The meaning \"hour\" can be analyzed as a compound of 時(じ) (-ji, “o'clock”) + 間(かん) (-kan, time interval suffix). Compare other terms formed with the suffix 間(かん) (-kan) like 三(さん)分(ぷん)間(かん) (sanpunkan) and 三日(みっか)間(かん) (mikkakan).\nThe reading is a mix of the goon reading ji and the kan'on reading kan, suggesting either that the reading changed after borrowing (from the expected goon pronunciation of jiken or the expected kan'on pronunciation of shikan), or that this term was independently coined in Japanese after the constituent terms 時(じ) (ji) and 間(かん) (kan) were borrowed.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "時間",
"ruby": [
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "-jikan",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "counter",
"2": "じかん"
},
"expansion": "時(じ)間(かん) • (-jikan)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "counter",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 10 10 0 27 10 10 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese counters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 6 6 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms suffixed with 時",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 6 6 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms suffixed with 間",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 8 0 22 8 8 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 23 2 0 28 2 2 19",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Units of measure",
"orig": "ja:Units of measure",
"parents": [
"Metrology",
"Quantity",
"Applied sciences",
"Mathematics",
"Sciences",
"Formal sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "one hour, two hours, five and a half hours",
"roman": "ichi-jikan, ni-jikan, go-jikan han",
"ruby": [
[
"一",
"いち"
],
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
],
[
"二",
"に"
],
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
],
[
"五",
"ご"
],
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
],
[
"半",
"はん"
]
],
"text": "一時間、二時間、五時間半",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Apparently it will take many hours.",
"roman": "Nan-jikan mo kakari sō desu.",
"ruby": [
[
"何",
"なん"
],
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
]
],
"text": "何時間もかかりそうです。",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an hour-long period"
],
"id": "en-時間-ja-counter-K2nvZ6bu"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "じかん"
},
{
"ipa": "[d͡ʑikã̠ɴ]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijirin",
"Inoue Tetsujirō",
"Meiji period",
"University of Tokyo",
"ja:時間"
],
"word": "時間"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "Pronunciation shift to a devoiced initial consonant in certain dialects.\n/d͡ʑikaɴ/ → /t͡ɕikaɴ/",
"forms": [
{
"form": "時間",
"ruby": [
[
"時",
"ち"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "chikan",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ちかん"
},
"expansion": "時(ち)間(かん) • (chikan)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ibaraki Japanese",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "10 10 10 0 27 10 10 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese counters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 31 0 17 31 0 17",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Time",
"orig": "ja:Time",
"parents": [
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"time"
],
"id": "en-時間-ja-noun-M2B0gF~I1",
"links": [
[
"time",
"time"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Ibaraki) time"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ibaraki Japanese",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "10 10 10 0 27 10 10 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese counters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hour"
],
"id": "en-時間-ja-noun-msCt1HXd1",
"links": [
[
"hour",
"hour"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Ibaraki) hour"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ibaraki Japanese",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "10 10 10 0 27 10 10 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese counters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 8 0 22 8 8 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 31 0 17 31 0 17",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Time",
"orig": "ja:Time",
"parents": [
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 23 2 0 28 2 2 19",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Units of measure",
"orig": "ja:Units of measure",
"parents": [
"Metrology",
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"Applied sciences",
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"Formal sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the hours or time when something happens"
],
"id": "en-時間-ja-noun-4bOAOdXN1",
"links": [
[
"hour",
"hour"
],
[
"time",
"time"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Ibaraki) the hours or time when something happens"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕikã̠ɴ]"
}
],
"word": "時間"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "Pronunciation shift to a devoiced initial consonant in certain dialects.\n/d͡ʑikaɴ/ → /t͡ɕikaɴ/",
"forms": [
{
"form": "時間",
"ruby": [
[
"時",
"ち"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
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},
{
"form": "-chikan",
"tags": [
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}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "時(ち)間(かん) • (-chikan)",
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}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "counter",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
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},
{
"_dis": "10 10 10 0 27 10 10 22",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 8 0 22 8 8 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 23 2 0 28 2 2 19",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Units of measure",
"orig": "ja:Units of measure",
"parents": [
"Metrology",
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"Applied sciences",
"Mathematics",
"Sciences",
"Formal sciences",
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"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an hour-long period"
],
"id": "en-時間-ja-counter-K2nvZ6bu1",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Ibaraki) an hour-long period"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕikã̠ɴ]"
}
],
"word": "時間"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese compound terms",
"Japanese counters",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms borrowed from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms suffixed with 時",
"Japanese terms suffixed with 間",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with audio pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ja:Time",
"ja:Units of measure"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "out of time, past the deadline",
"roman": "jikangire",
"ruby": [
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
],
[
"切",
"ぎ"
]
],
"word": "時間切れ"
},
{
"roman": "jikantai",
"word": "時間帯: time zone"
},
{
"english": "such as for a TV program",
"word": "time slot"
},
{
"roman": "jikan tsubushi",
"word": "時間つぶし: wasting time"
},
{
"word": "killing time"
},
{
"english": "timetable",
"roman": "jikanwari",
"ruby": [
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
],
[
"割",
"わり"
]
],
"word": "時間割"
},
{
"english": "business hours",
"roman": "eigyō jikan",
"ruby": [
[
"営",
"えい"
],
[
"業",
"ぎょう"
],
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
]
],
"word": "営業時間"
},
{
"english": "required time",
"roman": "shoyō jikan",
"ruby": [
[
"所",
"しょ"
],
[
"要",
"よう"
],
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
]
],
"word": "所要時間"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "時間",
"bor": "y"
},
"expansion": "→ Chinese: 時間 /时间 (shíjiān)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Chinese: 時間 /时间 (shíjiān)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "시간(時間)",
"bor": "y"
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 시간(時間) (sigan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Korean: 시간(時間) (sigan)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "thời gian",
"bor": "y"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: thời gian",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Vietnamese: thời gian"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "じかん"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "時",
"2": "-じ",
"3": "間",
"4": "-かん",
"pos2": "time interval suffix",
"t1": "o'clock"
},
"expansion": "時(じ) (-ji, “o'clock”) + 間(かん) (-kan, time interval suffix)",
"name": "ja-compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "間",
"2": "-かん"
},
"expansion": "間(かん) (-kan)",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "三%分%間",
"2": "さん%ぷん%かん"
},
"expansion": "三(さん)分(ぷん)間(かん) (sanpunkan)",
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},
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "三日(みっか)間(かん) (mikkakan)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "時",
"2": "じ"
},
"expansion": "時(じ) (ji)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "間",
"2": "かん"
},
"expansion": "間(かん) (kan)",
"name": "ja-r"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably originally borrowed from Middle Chinese compound 時間 (dzyi kɛn, literally “time interval”). Repurposed in the early Meiji period as a translation of the western term time in relation to philosophy in the 1881 publication of 哲学字彙 (Tetsugaku Jii, “Philosophy Dictionary”) compiled by Inoue Tetsujirō. The meaning \"hour\" can be analyzed as a compound of 時(じ) (-ji, “o'clock”) + 間(かん) (-kan, time interval suffix). Compare other terms formed with the suffix 間(かん) (-kan) like 三(さん)分(ぷん)間(かん) (sanpunkan) and 三日(みっか)間(かん) (mikkakan).\nThe reading is a mix of the goon reading ji and the kan'on reading kan, suggesting either that the reading changed after borrowing (from the expected goon pronunciation of jiken or the expected kan'on pronunciation of shikan), or that this term was independently coined in Japanese after the constituent terms 時(じ) (ji) and 間(かん) (kan) were borrowed.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "時間",
"ruby": [
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "jikan",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "じかん"
},
"expansion": "時(じ)間(かん) • (jikan)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "duration, period",
"roman": "kikan",
"ruby": [
[
"期",
"き"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
]
],
"word": "期間"
},
{
"english": "time and space",
"roman": "jikū",
"ruby": [
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"空",
"くう"
]
],
"word": "時空"
},
{
"english": "space, a space",
"roman": "kūkan",
"ruby": [
[
"空",
"くう"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
]
],
"word": "空間"
},
{
"english": "spacetime",
"roman": "jikūkan",
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[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"空",
"くう"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
]
],
"word": "時空間"
},
{
"roman": "nissū",
"ruby": [
[
"日",
"にっ"
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[
"数",
"すう"
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],
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"time"
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"word": "日数: number of days"
}
],
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{
"categories": [
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"examples": [
{
"english": "Do you have any time?",
"roman": "Jikan wa arimasu ka?",
"ruby": [
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
]
],
"text": "時間はありますか？",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Any time works for me.",
"literal_meaning": "As for time, whenever is fine.",
"roman": "Jikan wa itsu de mo daijōbu desu.",
"ruby": [
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
],
[
"大",
"だい"
],
[
"丈",
"じょう"
],
[
"夫",
"ぶ"
]
],
"text": "時間はいつでも大丈夫です。",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "My, will you look at the time!",
"literal_meaning": "[it's] already this sort of time!",
"roman": "Mō konna jikan!",
"ruby": [
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
]
],
"text": "もうこんな時間！",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "never on time",
"literal_meaning": "lax about time",
"roman": "jikan ni rūzu",
"ruby": [
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
]
],
"text": "時間にルーズ",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "the relationship between time and space",
"roman": "jikan to kūkan no kankei",
"ruby": [
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
],
[
"空",
"くう"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
],
[
"関",
"かん"
],
[
"係",
"けい"
]
],
"text": "時間と空間の関係",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"time"
],
"links": [
[
"time",
"time"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
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],
"examples": [
{
"english": "One hour is 60 minutes.",
"roman": "Ichi-jikan wa rokujippun desu.",
"ruby": [
[
"1",
"いち"
],
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
],
[
"60",
"ろくじっ"
],
[
"分",
"ぷん"
]
],
"text": "1時間は 60分です。",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hour"
],
"links": [
[
"hour",
"hour"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "was late for the exam",
"literal_meaning": "late to the time of the exam",
"roman": "shiken jikan ni okureta",
"ruby": [
[
"試",
"し"
],
[
"験",
"けん"
],
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
],
[
"遅",
"おく"
]
],
"text": "試験時間に遅れた",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Business hours are Monday to Wednesday, 9 AM to 2 PM.",
"roman": "Eigyō jikan wa getsu-ka-sui, gozen ku-ji kara gogo ni-ji made desu.",
"ruby": [
[
"営",
"えい"
],
[
"業",
"ぎょう"
],
[
"時間",
"じかん"
],
[
"月",
"げつ"
],
[
"火",
"か"
],
[
"水",
"すい"
],
[
"午",
"ご"
],
[
"前",
"ぜん"
],
[
"９",
"く"
],
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"午",
"ご"
],
[
"後",
"ご"
],
[
"２",
"に"
],
[
"時",
"じ"
]
],
"text": "営業時間は月火水、午前 ９時から午後 ２時までです。",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "hours of operation",
"roman": "kaikan jikan",
"ruby": [
[
"開",
"かい"
],
[
"館",
"かん"
],
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
]
],
"text": "開館時間",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Time's up!",
"literal_meaning": "It's time!",
"roman": "Jikan desu!",
"ruby": [
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
]
],
"text": "時間です！",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "We're closing now!",
"literal_meaning": "It's time for our closing!",
"roman": "Heien no jikan desu!",
"ruby": [
[
"閉",
"へい"
],
[
"園",
"えん"
],
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
]
],
"text": "閉園の時間です！",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "sorry for not having the time [to do something]",
"roman": "amari jikan ga nakute sumimasen",
"ruby": [
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
]
],
"text": "あまり時間がなくてすみません",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "It’s time to wake up",
"ref": "2002 July 27, Mashiba, Shin, “第(だい)壱(いち)夜(や) 下(クダ)リ階(カイ)段(ダン) [Night 1: Downward Stairway]”, in [夢](ゆめ)[喰](くい)[見](けん)[聞](ぶん) [The Dream-Eating Inspector], volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Square Enix, page 21:",
"roman": "Mezame no jikan da",
"ruby": [
[
"目",
"め"
],
[
"覚",
"ざ"
],
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
]
],
"text": "目覚めの時間だ",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the hours or time when something happens"
],
"links": [
[
"hour",
"hour"
],
[
"time",
"time"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "じかん"
},
{
"ipa": "[d͡ʑikã̠ɴ]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijirin",
"Inoue Tetsujirō",
"Meiji period",
"University of Tokyo",
"ja:時間"
],
"word": "時間"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Japanese counters",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms borrowed from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms suffixed with 時",
"Japanese terms suffixed with 間",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with audio pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ja:Time",
"ja:Units of measure"
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"3": "-",
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"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "bor"
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{
"args": {
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"2": "-じ",
"3": "間",
"4": "-かん",
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},
"expansion": "時(じ) (-ji, “o'clock”) + 間(かん) (-kan, time interval suffix)",
"name": "ja-compound"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "-かん"
},
"expansion": "間(かん) (-kan)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
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"2": "さん%ぷん%かん"
},
"expansion": "三(さん)分(ぷん)間(かん) (sanpunkan)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "みっか%かん"
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"expansion": "三日(みっか)間(かん) (mikkakan)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "時",
"2": "じ"
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"expansion": "時(じ) (ji)",
"name": "ja-r"
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{
"args": {
"1": "間",
"2": "かん"
},
"expansion": "間(かん) (kan)",
"name": "ja-r"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably originally borrowed from Middle Chinese compound 時間 (dzyi kɛn, literally “time interval”). Repurposed in the early Meiji period as a translation of the western term time in relation to philosophy in the 1881 publication of 哲学字彙 (Tetsugaku Jii, “Philosophy Dictionary”) compiled by Inoue Tetsujirō. The meaning \"hour\" can be analyzed as a compound of 時(じ) (-ji, “o'clock”) + 間(かん) (-kan, time interval suffix). Compare other terms formed with the suffix 間(かん) (-kan) like 三(さん)分(ぷん)間(かん) (sanpunkan) and 三日(みっか)間(かん) (mikkakan).\nThe reading is a mix of the goon reading ji and the kan'on reading kan, suggesting either that the reading changed after borrowing (from the expected goon pronunciation of jiken or the expected kan'on pronunciation of shikan), or that this term was independently coined in Japanese after the constituent terms 時(じ) (ji) and 間(かん) (kan) were borrowed.",
"forms": [
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"form": "時間",
"ruby": [
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[
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"かん"
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],
"tags": [
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},
{
"form": "-jikan",
"tags": [
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}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "counter",
"2": "じかん"
},
"expansion": "時(じ)間(かん) • (-jikan)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "counter",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "one hour, two hours, five and a half hours",
"roman": "ichi-jikan, ni-jikan, go-jikan han",
"ruby": [
[
"一",
"いち"
],
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
],
[
"二",
"に"
],
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
],
[
"五",
"ご"
],
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
],
[
"半",
"はん"
]
],
"text": "一時間、二時間、五時間半",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Apparently it will take many hours.",
"roman": "Nan-jikan mo kakari sō desu.",
"ruby": [
[
"何",
"なん"
],
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
]
],
"text": "何時間もかかりそうです。",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an hour-long period"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "じかん"
},
{
"ipa": "[d͡ʑikã̠ɴ]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijirin",
"Inoue Tetsujirō",
"Meiji period",
"University of Tokyo",
"ja:時間"
],
"word": "時間"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese counters",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ja:Time",
"ja:Units of measure"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "Pronunciation shift to a devoiced initial consonant in certain dialects.\n/d͡ʑikaɴ/ → /t͡ɕikaɴ/",
"forms": [
{
"form": "時間",
"ruby": [
[
"時",
"ち"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "chikan",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ちかん"
},
"expansion": "時(ち)間(かん) • (chikan)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Ibaraki Japanese"
],
"glosses": [
"time"
],
"links": [
[
"time",
"time"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Ibaraki) time"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Ibaraki Japanese"
],
"glosses": [
"hour"
],
"links": [
[
"hour",
"hour"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Ibaraki) hour"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Ibaraki Japanese"
],
"glosses": [
"the hours or time when something happens"
],
"links": [
[
"hour",
"hour"
],
[
"time",
"time"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Ibaraki) the hours or time when something happens"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕikã̠ɴ]"
}
],
"word": "時間"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese counters",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ja:Time",
"ja:Units of measure"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "Pronunciation shift to a devoiced initial consonant in certain dialects.\n/d͡ʑikaɴ/ → /t͡ɕikaɴ/",
"forms": [
{
"form": "時間",
"ruby": [
[
"時",
"ち"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "-chikan",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "counter",
"2": "ちかん"
},
"expansion": "時(ち)間(かん) • (-chikan)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "counter",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Ibaraki Japanese"
],
"glosses": [
"an hour-long period"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Ibaraki) an hour-long period"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕikã̠ɴ]"
}
],
"word": "時間"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 時間 meaning in Japanese (15.8kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"時間"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "時間",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"時間"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "counter",
"title": "時間",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"時間"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "時間",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Ibaraki",
"path": [
"時間"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "時間",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Ibaraki",
"path": [
"時間"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "時間",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Ibaraki",
"path": [
"時間"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "時間",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Ibaraki",
"path": [
"時間"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "時間",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Ibaraki",
"path": [
"時間"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "時間",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Ibaraki",
"path": [
"時間"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "時間",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"時間"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "counter",
"title": "時間",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Ibaraki",
"path": [
"時間"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "counter",
"title": "時間",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Ibaraki",
"path": [
"時間"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "counter",
"title": "時間",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (32c88e6 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.