"弱い" meaning in Japanese

See 弱い in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: [jo̞β̞a̠i]
Etymology: From Old Japanese 弱し (*yo₁wasi), from Proto-Japonic *yowa. Although not phonetically attested in Old Japanese texts in man'yōgana, the name of a king varies between 目弱王 in the Kojiki and 眉輪王, read as mayo₁wa-WAU in the Nihon Shoki. Etymology templates: {{inh|ja|ojp|弱し|sort=よわい|tr=*yo₁wasi}} Old Japanese 弱し (*yo₁wasi), {{inh|ja|jpx-pro|*yowa|sort=よわい}} Proto-Japonic *yowa, {{lang|ja|目弱王}} 目弱王, {{lang|ja|眉輪王}} 眉輪王 Head templates: {{ja-adj|よわい|hhira=よわい|infl=i}} 弱(よわ)い • (yowai) ^(←よわい (yowai)?)-i (adverbial 弱(よわ)く (yowaku)) Inflection templates: {{ja-adj-infl|adverbial=く|attributive=い|conditional=ければ|conjunctive=くて|continuative=く|degree=さ|formal=い です|formal_negative=く ない です|formal_negative_past=く なかった です|formal_past=かった です|hypothetical=けれ|imperative=かれ|imperfective=かろ|informal_negative=く ない|informal_negative_past=く なかった|informal_past=かった|kana=よわ|lemma=弱|provisional=かったら|terminal=い|volitional=かろう}} Forms: 弱い [canonical] (ruby: (よわ)), yowai [romanization], 弱く [adverbial] (ruby: (よわ)), no-table-tags [table-tags], 弱かろ [imperfective, stem], よわかろ [imperfective, stem], yowakaro [imperfective], 弱く [continuative, stem], よわく [continuative, stem], yowaku [continuative], 弱い [stem, terminative], よわい [stem, terminative], yowai [terminative], 弱い [attributive, stem], よわい [attributive, stem], yowai [attributive], 弱けれ [hypothetical, stem], よわけれ [hypothetical, stem], yowakere [hypothetical], 弱かれ [imperative, stem], よわかれ [imperative, stem], yowakare [imperative], 弱くない [informal, negative], よわくない [informal, negative], yowaku nai [informal, negative], 弱かった [informal, past], よわかった [informal, past], yowakatta [informal, past], 弱くなかった [informal, negative, past], よわくなかった [informal, negative, past], yowaku nakatta [informal, negative, past], 弱いです [formal], よわいです [formal], yowai desu [formal], 弱くないです [formal, negative], よわくないです [formal, negative], yowaku nai desu [formal, negative], 弱かったです [formal, past], よわかったです [formal, past], yowakatta desu [formal, past], 弱くなかったです [formal, negative, past], よわくなかったです [formal, negative, past], yowaku nakatta desu [formal, negative, past], 弱くて [conjunctive], よわくて [conjunctive], yowakute [conjunctive], 弱ければ [conditional], よわければ [conditional], yowakereba [conditional], 弱かったら [conditional, past], よわかったら [conditional, past], yowakattara [conditional, past], 弱かろう [volitional], よわかろう [volitional], yowakarō [volitional], 弱く [adverbial], よわく [adverbial], yowaku [adverbial], 弱さ [noun-from-adj], よわさ [noun-from-adj], yowasa [noun-from-adj]
  1. weak, powerless, vulnerable, vincible, delicate Synonyms (powerless): 脆い (moroi) (ruby: (もろ))
    Sense id: en-弱い-ja-adj-me6ufRN6 Categories (other): Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with redundant script codes, Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with manual fragments, Japanese links with redundant alt parameters, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 80 10 10 Disambiguation of Japanese links with manual fragments: 68 15 17 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant alt parameters: 77 11 12 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 89 5 6 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 77 11 12 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 78 11 12 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 64 10 25 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 85 3 13 Disambiguation of 'powerless': 88 12 0
  2. weak, inept, incompetent Synonyms (inept): 苦手 (nigate), 音痴 (onchi)
    Sense id: en-弱い-ja-adj-q7Q~aVtG Disambiguation of 'inept': 1 99 0
  3. low tolerance
    Sense id: en-弱い-ja-adj-KvLsq8jD Categories (other): Japanese terms with 1 kanji Disambiguation of Japanese terms with 1 kanji: 38 11 52
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: 弱さ (yowasa) (ruby: (よわ)), 弱み (yowami) (ruby: (よわ)), か弱い (kayowai) (ruby: (よわ)), ひ弱い (hiyowai) (ruby: (よわ))
{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "english": "strong",
      "roman": "tsuyoi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "強",
          "つよ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "強い"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "yowasa",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "弱",
          "よわ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "弱さ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "yowami",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "弱",
          "よわ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "弱み"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "kayowai",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "弱",
          "よわ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "か弱い"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "hiyowai",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "弱",
          "よわ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "ひ弱い"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ojp",
        "3": "弱し",
        "sort": "よわい",
        "tr": "*yo₁wasi"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese 弱し (*yo₁wasi)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "jpx-pro",
        "3": "*yowa",
        "sort": "よわい"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Japonic *yowa",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "目弱王"
      },
      "expansion": "目弱王",
      "name": "lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "眉輪王"
      },
      "expansion": "眉輪王",
      "name": "lang"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Japanese 弱し (*yo₁wasi), from Proto-Japonic *yowa.\nAlthough not phonetically attested in Old Japanese texts in man'yōgana, the name of a king varies between 目弱王 in the Kojiki and 眉輪王, read as mayo₁wa-WAU in the Nihon Shoki.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "弱い",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "弱",
          "よわ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yowai",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "弱く",
      "roman": "yowaku",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "弱",
          "よわ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-i",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "弱かろ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "よわかろ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yowakaro",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "弱く",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "よわく",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yowaku",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "continuative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "弱い",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "よわい",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yowai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "弱い",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "よわい",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yowai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "attributive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "弱けれ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "よわけれ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yowakere",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "弱かれ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "よわかれ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yowakare",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "弱くない",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "よわくない",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yowaku nai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "弱かった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "よわかった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yowakatta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "弱くなかった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "よわくなかった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yowaku nakatta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "弱いです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "よわいです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yowai desu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "弱くないです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "よわくないです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yowaku nai desu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "弱かったです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "よわかったです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yowakatta desu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "弱くなかったです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "よわくなかったです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yowaku nakatta desu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "弱くて",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "よわくて",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yowakute",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "弱ければ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "よわければ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yowakereba",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "弱かったら",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "よわかったら",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yowakattara",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "弱かろう",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "よわかろう",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yowakarō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "弱く",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "よわく",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yowaku",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "弱さ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-adj"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "よわさ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-adj"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yowasa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-adj"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "よわい",
        "hhira": "よわい",
        "infl": "i"
      },
      "expansion": "弱(よわ)い • (yowai) ^(←よわい (yowai)?)-i (adverbial 弱(よわ)く (yowaku))",
      "name": "ja-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "adverbial": "く",
        "attributive": "い",
        "conditional": "ければ",
        "conjunctive": "くて",
        "continuative": "く",
        "degree": "さ",
        "formal": "い です",
        "formal_negative": "く ない です",
        "formal_negative_past": "く なかった です",
        "formal_past": "かった です",
        "hypothetical": "けれ",
        "imperative": "かれ",
        "imperfective": "かろ",
        "informal_negative": "く ない",
        "informal_negative_past": "く なかった",
        "informal_past": "かった",
        "kana": "よわ",
        "lemma": "弱",
        "provisional": "かったら",
        "terminal": "い",
        "volitional": "かろう"
      },
      "name": "ja-adj-infl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "80 10 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "68 15 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "77 11 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "89 5 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "77 11 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "78 11 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "64 10 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "85 3 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "a weak opponent",
          "roman": "yowai aite",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "弱",
              "よわ"
            ],
            [
              "相",
              "あい"
            ],
            [
              "手",
              "て"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "弱い相手",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "vulnerable to acid",
          "roman": "san ni yowai",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "酸",
              "さん"
            ],
            [
              "弱",
              "よわ"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "酸に弱い",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "It’s inevitable that the weak fall prey to the strong",
          "ref": "2006 April 15, Nobuyuki Anzai, “AKT(アクト).139(ひゃくさんじゅうきゅう)/ ウォーゲーム最(さい)終(しゅう)決(けっ)戦(せん) アランVS(バーサス).ハロウィン②(に) [Akt 139: War Games Final Battle: Alan vs. Halloween #2]”, in MÄR(メル) MÄRCHEN AWAKENS ROMANCE [MÄR: Märchen Awakens Romance], volume 13 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 153:",
          "roman": "Yowai yatsu ga tsuyoi yatsu no gisei ni naru no wa hitsuzen na n da",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "弱",
              "よわ"
            ],
            [
              "奴",
              "やつ"
            ],
            [
              "強",
              "つよ"
            ],
            [
              "奴",
              "やつ"
            ],
            [
              "犠",
              "ぎ"
            ],
            [
              "牲",
              "せい"
            ],
            [
              "必",
              "ひつ"
            ],
            [
              "然",
              "ぜん"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "弱い奴が強い奴の犠牲になるのは必然なんだ",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "weak, powerless, vulnerable, vincible, delicate"
      ],
      "id": "en-弱い-ja-adj-me6ufRN6",
      "links": [
        [
          "weak",
          "weak"
        ],
        [
          "powerless",
          "powerless"
        ],
        [
          "vulnerable",
          "vulnerable"
        ],
        [
          "vincible",
          "vincible"
        ],
        [
          "delicate",
          "delicate"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "88 12 0",
          "roman": "moroi",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "脆",
              "もろ"
            ]
          ],
          "sense": "powerless",
          "word": "脆い"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "weak at figures",
          "roman": "sūji ni yowai",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "数",
              "すう"
            ],
            [
              "字",
              "じ"
            ],
            [
              "弱",
              "よわ"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "数字に弱い",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "weak, inept, incompetent"
      ],
      "id": "en-弱い-ja-adj-q7Q~aVtG",
      "links": [
        [
          "weak",
          "weak"
        ],
        [
          "inept",
          "inept"
        ],
        [
          "incompetent",
          "incompetent"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99 0",
          "roman": "nigate",
          "sense": "inept",
          "word": "苦手"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99 0",
          "roman": "onchi",
          "sense": "inept",
          "word": "音痴"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "38 11 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "easily becoming drunk",
          "roman": "sake ni yowai",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "酒",
              "さけ"
            ],
            [
              "弱",
              "よわ"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "酒に弱い",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "low tolerance"
      ],
      "id": "en-弱い-ja-adj-KvLsq8jD",
      "links": [
        [
          "low",
          "low"
        ],
        [
          "tolerance",
          "tolerance"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "よわい"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[jo̞β̞a̠i]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Kojiki",
    "Nihon Shoki",
    "man'yōgana"
  ],
  "word": "弱い"
}
{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "english": "strong",
      "roman": "tsuyoi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "強",
          "つよ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "強い"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
    "Japanese adjectives",
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with manual fragments",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
    "Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic",
    "Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
    "Japanese terms inherited from Proto-Japonic",
    "Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese い-i adjectives",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "yowasa",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "弱",
          "よわ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "弱さ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yowami",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "弱",
          "よわ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "弱み"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kayowai",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "弱",
          "よわ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "か弱い"
    },
    {
      "roman": "hiyowai",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "弱",
          "よわ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "ひ弱い"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ojp",
        "3": "弱し",
        "sort": "よわい",
        "tr": "*yo₁wasi"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese 弱し (*yo₁wasi)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "jpx-pro",
        "3": "*yowa",
        "sort": "よわい"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Japonic *yowa",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "目弱王"
      },
      "expansion": "目弱王",
      "name": "lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "眉輪王"
      },
      "expansion": "眉輪王",
      "name": "lang"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Japanese 弱し (*yo₁wasi), from Proto-Japonic *yowa.\nAlthough not phonetically attested in Old Japanese texts in man'yōgana, the name of a king varies between 目弱王 in the Kojiki and 眉輪王, read as mayo₁wa-WAU in the Nihon Shoki.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "弱い",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "弱",
          "よわ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yowai",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "弱く",
      "roman": "yowaku",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "弱",
          "よわ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-i",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "弱かろ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "よわかろ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yowakaro",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "弱く",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "よわく",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yowaku",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "continuative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "弱い",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "よわい",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yowai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "弱い",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "よわい",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yowai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "attributive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "弱けれ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "よわけれ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yowakere",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "弱かれ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "よわかれ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yowakare",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "弱くない",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "よわくない",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yowaku nai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "弱かった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "よわかった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yowakatta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "弱くなかった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "よわくなかった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yowaku nakatta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "弱いです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "よわいです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yowai desu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "弱くないです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "よわくないです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yowaku nai desu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "弱かったです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "よわかったです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yowakatta desu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "弱くなかったです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "よわくなかったです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yowaku nakatta desu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "弱くて",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "よわくて",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yowakute",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "弱ければ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "よわければ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yowakereba",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "弱かったら",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "よわかったら",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yowakattara",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "弱かろう",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "よわかろう",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yowakarō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "弱く",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "よわく",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yowaku",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "弱さ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-adj"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "よわさ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-adj"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yowasa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-adj"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "よわい",
        "hhira": "よわい",
        "infl": "i"
      },
      "expansion": "弱(よわ)い • (yowai) ^(←よわい (yowai)?)-i (adverbial 弱(よわ)く (yowaku))",
      "name": "ja-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "adverbial": "く",
        "attributive": "い",
        "conditional": "ければ",
        "conjunctive": "くて",
        "continuative": "く",
        "degree": "さ",
        "formal": "い です",
        "formal_negative": "く ない です",
        "formal_negative_past": "く なかった です",
        "formal_past": "かった です",
        "hypothetical": "けれ",
        "imperative": "かれ",
        "imperfective": "かろ",
        "informal_negative": "く ない",
        "informal_negative_past": "く なかった",
        "informal_past": "かった",
        "kana": "よわ",
        "lemma": "弱",
        "provisional": "かったら",
        "terminal": "い",
        "volitional": "かろう"
      },
      "name": "ja-adj-infl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
        "Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
        "Japanese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "a weak opponent",
          "roman": "yowai aite",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "弱",
              "よわ"
            ],
            [
              "相",
              "あい"
            ],
            [
              "手",
              "て"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "弱い相手",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "vulnerable to acid",
          "roman": "san ni yowai",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "酸",
              "さん"
            ],
            [
              "弱",
              "よわ"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "酸に弱い",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "It’s inevitable that the weak fall prey to the strong",
          "ref": "2006 April 15, Nobuyuki Anzai, “AKT(アクト).139(ひゃくさんじゅうきゅう)/ ウォーゲーム最(さい)終(しゅう)決(けっ)戦(せん) アランVS(バーサス).ハロウィン②(に) [Akt 139: War Games Final Battle: Alan vs. Halloween #2]”, in MÄR(メル) MÄRCHEN AWAKENS ROMANCE [MÄR: Märchen Awakens Romance], volume 13 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 153:",
          "roman": "Yowai yatsu ga tsuyoi yatsu no gisei ni naru no wa hitsuzen na n da",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "弱",
              "よわ"
            ],
            [
              "奴",
              "やつ"
            ],
            [
              "強",
              "つよ"
            ],
            [
              "奴",
              "やつ"
            ],
            [
              "犠",
              "ぎ"
            ],
            [
              "牲",
              "せい"
            ],
            [
              "必",
              "ひつ"
            ],
            [
              "然",
              "ぜん"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "弱い奴が強い奴の犠牲になるのは必然なんだ",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "weak, powerless, vulnerable, vincible, delicate"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "weak",
          "weak"
        ],
        [
          "powerless",
          "powerless"
        ],
        [
          "vulnerable",
          "vulnerable"
        ],
        [
          "vincible",
          "vincible"
        ],
        [
          "delicate",
          "delicate"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "weak at figures",
          "roman": "sūji ni yowai",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "数",
              "すう"
            ],
            [
              "字",
              "じ"
            ],
            [
              "弱",
              "よわ"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "数字に弱い",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "weak, inept, incompetent"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "weak",
          "weak"
        ],
        [
          "inept",
          "inept"
        ],
        [
          "incompetent",
          "incompetent"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "easily becoming drunk",
          "roman": "sake ni yowai",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "酒",
              "さけ"
            ],
            [
              "弱",
              "よわ"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "酒に弱い",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "low tolerance"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "low",
          "low"
        ],
        [
          "tolerance",
          "tolerance"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "よわい"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[jo̞β̞a̠i]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "moroi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "脆",
          "もろ"
        ]
      ],
      "sense": "powerless",
      "word": "脆い"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nigate",
      "sense": "inept",
      "word": "苦手"
    },
    {
      "roman": "onchi",
      "sense": "inept",
      "word": "音痴"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Kojiki",
    "Nihon Shoki",
    "man'yōgana"
  ],
  "word": "弱い"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 弱い meaning in Japanese (10.0kB)

{
  "called_from": "parser/304",
  "msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
  "path": [
    "弱い"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "弱い",
  "trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "弱い"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "弱い",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.