See 天下 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 天下 meaning in Japanese (6.9kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "てんか"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "天下",
"2": "heaven + under",
"id": "1,1"
},
"expansion": "天下 (MC then haeX, “heaven + under”)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 天下 (MC then haeX, “heaven + under”). The kan'on, so likely a later borrowing.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "天下",
"ruby": [
[
"天",
"てん"
],
[
"下",
"か"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "tenka",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "てんか"
},
"expansion": "天(てん)下(か) • (tenka)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "28 2 2 0 15 32 17 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the whole world, the earth"
],
"id": "en-天下-ja-noun-3KQ3sjlJ",
"links": [
[
"whole world",
"whole world"
],
[
"earth",
"earth"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the whole country, all of Japan"
],
"id": "en-天下-ja-noun-WLx30hY2",
"links": [
[
"country",
"country"
],
[
"Japan",
"Japan"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the government of Japan"
],
"id": "en-天下-ja-noun-t4dhQW1~",
"links": [
[
"government",
"government"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"power, control over the government"
],
"id": "en-天下-ja-noun-zWn1lQkH",
"links": [
[
"power",
"power"
],
[
"control",
"control"
],
[
"government",
"government"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "28 2 2 0 15 32 17 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the shogun"
],
"id": "en-天下-ja-noun-1haJ4XXZ",
"links": [
[
"shogun",
"shogun"
]
],
"qualifier": "Edo period",
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical, Edo period) the shogun"
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Card games",
"orig": "ja:Card games",
"parents": [
"Games",
"Recreation",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "28 2 2 0 15 32 17 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 2 3 1 16 33 14 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 5 5 1 13 40 15 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 4 2 0 18 30 15 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 2 3 1 18 35 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in traditional Japanese card games, one of the strong cards known as 蠣 (aza)"
],
"id": "en-天下-ja-noun-jEWCqfZf",
"links": [
[
"card game",
"card game"
],
[
"traditional",
"traditional"
],
[
"蠣",
"蠣#Japanese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(card games) in traditional Japanese card games, one of the strong cards known as 蠣 (aza)"
],
"topics": [
"card-games",
"games"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "(tenka ichi): the best in the world (often used attributively with the particle の (no))",
"word": "天下一"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "28 2 2 0 15 32 17 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the best yokozuna in the world",
"roman": "tenka no yokozuna",
"ruby": [
[
"天",
"てん"
],
[
"下",
"か"
],
[
"横",
"よこ"
],
[
"綱",
"づな"
]
],
"text": "天下の横綱"
}
],
"glosses": [
"short for 天下一 (tenka ichi): the best in the world (often used attributively with the particle の (no))"
],
"id": "en-天下-ja-noun-DMW7UC6X",
"links": [
[
"天下一",
"天下一#Japanese"
],
[
"best",
"best"
],
[
"world",
"world"
],
[
"attributively",
"attributively#English"
],
[
"particle",
"particle#English"
],
[
"の",
"の#Japanese"
]
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "てんか"
},
{
"ipa": "[tẽ̞ŋka̠]"
}
],
"word": "天下"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "てんか"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "天下",
"2": "heaven + under",
"id": "1,1"
},
"expansion": "天下 (MC then haeX, “heaven + under”)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 天下 (MC then haeX, “heaven + under”). The go'on, so likely the earlier borrowing.\nAppears with this reading in the Kagerō Nikki, dating to roughly 974 CE. Superseded in modern Japanese by tenka above.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "天下",
"ruby": [
[
"天",
"てん"
],
[
"下",
"げ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "tenge",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "てんげ"
},
"expansion": "天(てん)下(げ) • (tenge)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the world, the earth"
],
"id": "en-天下-ja-noun-2V2lPPjs",
"links": [
[
"world",
"world"
],
[
"earth",
"earth"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, possibly obsolete) the world, the earth"
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "tenjō",
"ruby": [
[
"天",
"てん"
],
[
"上",
"じょう"
]
],
"word": "天上"
},
{
"roman": "chijō",
"ruby": [
[
"地",
"ち"
],
[
"上",
"じょう"
]
],
"word": "地上"
},
{
"roman": "chika",
"ruby": [
[
"地",
"ち"
],
[
"下",
"か"
]
],
"word": "地下"
},
{
"roman": "amakudaru",
"ruby": [
[
"天",
"あま"
],
[
"下",
"くだ"
]
],
"word": "天下る"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"obsolete",
"possibly"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[tẽ̞ŋɡe̞]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Kagerō Nikki",
"ja:大辞林",
"ja:松村明"
],
"word": "天下"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms borrowed from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "てんか"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "天下",
"2": "heaven + under",
"id": "1,1"
},
"expansion": "天下 (MC then haeX, “heaven + under”)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 天下 (MC then haeX, “heaven + under”). The kan'on, so likely a later borrowing.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "天下",
"ruby": [
[
"天",
"てん"
],
[
"下",
"か"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "tenka",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "てんか"
},
"expansion": "天(てん)下(か) • (tenka)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"the whole world, the earth"
],
"links": [
[
"whole world",
"whole world"
],
[
"earth",
"earth"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the whole country, all of Japan"
],
"links": [
[
"country",
"country"
],
[
"Japan",
"Japan"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the government of Japan"
],
"links": [
[
"government",
"government"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"power, control over the government"
],
"links": [
[
"power",
"power"
],
[
"control",
"control"
],
[
"government",
"government"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with historical senses",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
],
"glosses": [
"the shogun"
],
"links": [
[
"shogun",
"shogun"
]
],
"qualifier": "Edo period",
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical, Edo period) the shogun"
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"ja:Card games"
],
"glosses": [
"in traditional Japanese card games, one of the strong cards known as 蠣 (aza)"
],
"links": [
[
"card game",
"card game"
],
[
"traditional",
"traditional"
],
[
"蠣",
"蠣#Japanese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(card games) in traditional Japanese card games, one of the strong cards known as 蠣 (aza)"
],
"topics": [
"card-games",
"games"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "(tenka ichi): the best in the world (often used attributively with the particle の (no))",
"word": "天下一"
}
],
"categories": [
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese short forms",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the best yokozuna in the world",
"roman": "tenka no yokozuna",
"ruby": [
[
"天",
"てん"
],
[
"下",
"か"
],
[
"横",
"よこ"
],
[
"綱",
"づな"
]
],
"text": "天下の横綱"
}
],
"glosses": [
"short for 天下一 (tenka ichi): the best in the world (often used attributively with the particle の (no))"
],
"links": [
[
"天下一",
"天下一#Japanese"
],
[
"best",
"best"
],
[
"world",
"world"
],
[
"attributively",
"attributively#English"
],
[
"particle",
"particle#English"
],
[
"の",
"の#Japanese"
]
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "てんか"
},
{
"ipa": "[tẽ̞ŋka̠]"
}
],
"word": "天下"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms borrowed from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "てんか"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "天下",
"2": "heaven + under",
"id": "1,1"
},
"expansion": "天下 (MC then haeX, “heaven + under”)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 天下 (MC then haeX, “heaven + under”). The go'on, so likely the earlier borrowing.\nAppears with this reading in the Kagerō Nikki, dating to roughly 974 CE. Superseded in modern Japanese by tenka above.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "天下",
"ruby": [
[
"天",
"てん"
],
[
"下",
"げ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "tenge",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "てんげ"
},
"expansion": "天(てん)下(げ) • (tenge)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"roman": "tenjō",
"ruby": [
[
"天",
"てん"
],
[
"上",
"じょう"
]
],
"word": "天上"
},
{
"roman": "chijō",
"ruby": [
[
"地",
"ち"
],
[
"上",
"じょう"
]
],
"word": "地上"
},
{
"roman": "chika",
"ruby": [
[
"地",
"ち"
],
[
"下",
"か"
]
],
"word": "地下"
},
{
"roman": "amakudaru",
"ruby": [
[
"天",
"あま"
],
[
"下",
"くだ"
]
],
"word": "天下る"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with archaic senses",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"the world, the earth"
],
"links": [
[
"world",
"world"
],
[
"earth",
"earth"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, possibly obsolete) the world, the earth"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"obsolete",
"possibly"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[tẽ̞ŋɡe̞]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Kagerō Nikki",
"ja:大辞林",
"ja:松村明"
],
"word": "天下"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"天下"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "天下",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"天下"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "天下",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.