See 大蒜 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
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"args": {
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"etymology_text": "First attested in the Setsuyōshū (1469-1487).\nOrigin uncertain. There are two leading theories.\n* Deriving ultimately from some compound and shift of 匂い (nioi, “smell, scent”) + 憎い (nikui, “hateful; bitter”). Possible progression:\n:: ⟨nipopi₁⟩ + ⟨niku⟩ → */nipopi niku/ → */nipniku/ → /ninniku/\n* Deriving as a shift in meaning from Buddhist term 忍辱 (ninniku, “patience, forbearance, forgiveness”). Apparently garlic was seen as stimulating, and as such it was a forbidden food and monks would have to forbear from eating it, possibly giving rise to use of the term as a euphemism.",
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{
"form": "大蒜",
"ruby": [
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"大蒜",
"にんにく"
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],
"tags": [
"canonical"
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{
"form": "大蒜",
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"大蒜",
"ニンニク"
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"form": "ninniku",
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}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
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"_dis": "33 33 33",
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"derived": [
{
"roman": "gyōjaninniku",
"ruby": [
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"行者葫",
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{
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"glosses": [
"garlic"
],
"id": "en-大蒜-ja-noun-QQJAhNLi",
"links": [
[
"garlic",
"garlic"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ガーリック"
},
{
"word": "蒜"
},
{
"word": "大蒜"
},
{
"word": "にもじ"
},
{
"word": "ろくとう"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "にんにく"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɲ̟ĩɲ̟ːikɯ̟]"
},
{
"other": "[nínníkú]",
"tags": [
"Kyoto"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Setsuyōshū"
],
"word": "大蒜"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "From 大蒜 (ninniku).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "大蒜",
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"大蒜",
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],
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"id": "en-大蒜-ja-noun-QQJAhNLi1",
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[
"garlic",
"garlic"
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],
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"(obsolete or dialectal) garlic"
],
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"tr2": "hiru"
},
"expansion": "大 (ō, “big”) + 蒜 (hiru, “allium; garlic”)",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "大 (ō, “big”) + 蒜 (hiru, “allium; garlic”). First attested in the Shinsen Jikyō (898-901).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "大蒜",
"ruby": [
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"おお"
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[
"蒜",
"びる"
]
],
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},
{
"form": "ōbiru",
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},
{
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"romanization"
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},
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"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
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],
"lang": "Japanese",
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"(obsolete or dialectal) garlic"
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}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[o̞ːbʲiɾɯ̟]"
},
{
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}
],
"wikipedia": [
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"Shinsen Jikyō"
],
"word": "大蒜"
}
{
"lang": "Japanese",
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"redirects": [
"大大蒜"
],
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{
"id": "en-大蒜-ja-soft-redirect-47DEQpj8",
"tags": [
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}
],
"word": "大蒜"
}
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"categories": [
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"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with unknown etymologies",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "gyōjaninniku",
"ruby": [
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"行者葫",
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]
],
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},
{
"roman": "hamaninniku",
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"はまにんにく"
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],
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],
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},
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"etymology_text": "First attested in the Setsuyōshū (1469-1487).\nOrigin uncertain. There are two leading theories.\n* Deriving ultimately from some compound and shift of 匂い (nioi, “smell, scent”) + 憎い (nikui, “hateful; bitter”). Possible progression:\n:: ⟨nipopi₁⟩ + ⟨niku⟩ → */nipopi niku/ → */nipniku/ → /ninniku/\n* Deriving as a shift in meaning from Buddhist term 忍辱 (ninniku, “patience, forbearance, forgiveness”). Apparently garlic was seen as stimulating, and as such it was a forbidden food and monks would have to forbear from eating it, possibly giving rise to use of the term as a euphemism.",
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{
"form": "大蒜",
"ruby": [
[
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],
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"word": "ガーリック"
},
{
"word": "蒜"
},
{
"word": "大蒜"
},
{
"word": "にもじ"
},
{
"word": "ろくとう"
}
]
}
],
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},
{
"ipa": "[ɲ̟ĩɲ̟ːikɯ̟]"
},
{
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"tags": [
"Kyoto"
]
}
],
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"Setsuyōshū"
],
"word": "大蒜"
}
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"Japanese terms spelled with hyōgai kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "From 大蒜 (ninniku).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "大蒜",
"ruby": [
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"ににく"
]
],
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]
},
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}
],
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},
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],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
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"Japanese terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"garlic"
],
"links": [
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]
],
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"(obsolete or dialectal) garlic"
],
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}
],
"word": "大蒜"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Japanese terms spelled with hyōgai kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
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"Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
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],
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},
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"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "大 (ō, “big”) + 蒜 (hiru, “allium; garlic”). First attested in the Shinsen Jikyō (898-901).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "大蒜",
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[
"大",
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"蒜",
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},
{
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"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ofobiru",
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"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "おほびる",
"roman": "ofobiru",
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"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
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},
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"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
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{
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],
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"garlic"
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"(obsolete or dialectal) garlic"
],
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]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
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},
{
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"tags": [
"Kyoto"
]
}
],
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"Early Middle Japanese",
"Shinsen Jikyō"
],
"word": "大蒜"
}
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
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"redirects": [
"大大蒜"
],
"senses": [
{
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "大蒜"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 大蒜 meaning in Japanese (5.9kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"大蒜"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "大蒜",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"大蒜"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "大蒜",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"大蒜"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "大蒜",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"大蒜"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "大蒜",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-20 using wiktextract (3dadd05 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.