See 向ける in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "向ける",
"ruby": [
[
"向",
"む"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "mukeru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "向け",
"roman": "muke",
"ruby": [
[
"向",
"む"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "向けた",
"roman": "muketa",
"ruby": [
[
"向",
"む"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-ichi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "向け",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "むけ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "muke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "向ける",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "むける",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "mukeru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "向けれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "むけれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "mukere",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "向けよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "向けろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "むけよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "むけろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "mukeyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "mukero",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "向けられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "むけられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "mukerareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "向けさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "向けさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "むけさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "むけさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "mukesaseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "mukesasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "向けられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "向けれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "むけられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "むけれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "mukerareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "mukereru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "向けよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "むけよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "mukeyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "向けない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "向けぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "向けん",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "むけない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "むけぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "むけん",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "mukenai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "mukenu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "muken",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "向けず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "むけず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "mukezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "向けます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "むけます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "mukemasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "向けた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "むけた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "muketa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "向けて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "むけて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mukete",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "向ければ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "むければ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "mukereba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "むける",
"tr": "trans",
"type": "2"
},
"expansion": "向(む)ける • (mukeru) transitive ichidan (stem 向(む)け (muke), past 向(む)けた (muketa))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"turn (something towards a direction); point (something at/to); aim (with something); channel (direct a flow); make something have a certain direction"
],
"id": "en-向ける-ja-verb-t5RRL5bD",
"links": [
[
"turn",
"turn"
],
[
"point",
"point"
],
[
"aim",
"aim"
],
[
"channel",
"channel"
],
[
"direction",
"direction"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "向く"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "むける"
},
{
"ipa": "[mɯ̟ke̞ɾɯ̟]"
}
],
"word": "向ける"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "向ける",
"ruby": [
[
"向",
"む"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "mukeru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "向け",
"roman": "muke",
"ruby": [
[
"向",
"む"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "向けた",
"roman": "muketa",
"ruby": [
[
"向",
"む"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-ichi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "向け",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "むけ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "muke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "向ける",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "むける",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "mukeru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "向けれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "むけれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "mukere",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "向けよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "向けろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "むけよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "むけろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "mukeyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "mukero",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "向けられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "むけられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "mukerareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "向けさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "向けさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "むけさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "むけさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "mukesaseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "mukesasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "向けられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "向けれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "むけられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "むけれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "mukerareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "mukereru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "向けよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "むけよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "mukeyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "向けない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "向けぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "向けん",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "むけない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "むけぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "むけん",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "mukenai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "mukenu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "muken",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "向けず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "むけず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "mukezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "向けます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "むけます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "mukemasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "向けた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "むけた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "muketa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "向けて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "むけて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mukete",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "向ければ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "むければ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "mukereba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "むける",
"tr": "trans",
"type": "2"
},
"expansion": "向(む)ける • (mukeru) transitive ichidan (stem 向(む)け (muke), past 向(む)けた (muketa))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "向く"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese ichidan verbs",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with manual fragments",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese shimo ichidan verbs",
"Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese transitive verbs",
"Japanese verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"turn (something towards a direction); point (something at/to); aim (with something); channel (direct a flow); make something have a certain direction"
],
"links": [
[
"turn",
"turn"
],
[
"point",
"point"
],
[
"aim",
"aim"
],
[
"channel",
"channel"
],
[
"direction",
"direction"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "むける"
},
{
"ipa": "[mɯ̟ke̞ɾɯ̟]"
}
],
"word": "向ける"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 向ける meaning in Japanese (6.1kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"向ける"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "向ける",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
"path": [
"向ける"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "向ける",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
"path": [
"向ける"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "向ける",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
"path": [
"向ける"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "向ける",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
"path": [
"向ける"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "向ける",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
"path": [
"向ける"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "向ける",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
"path": [
"向ける"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "向ける",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (5ee713e and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.