See 努力 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 努力 meaning in Japanese (8.2kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "とりょく'"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "努力",
"lit": "to exert + strength"
},
"expansion": "努力 (MC nuX lik, literally “to exert + strength”)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Cantonese",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Min Nan",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese compound 努力 (MC nuX lik, literally “to exert + strength”). Compare modern Cantonese reading nou⁵ lik⁶ or Min Nan ló͘-le̍k.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "努力",
"ruby": [
[
"努",
"ど"
],
[
"力",
"りょく"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "doryoku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "どりょく"
},
"expansion": "努(ど)力(りょく) • (doryoku)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"an effort, an endeavor"
],
"id": "en-努力-ja-noun-bHA~lZO-",
"links": [
[
"effort",
"effort"
],
[
"endeavor",
"endeavor"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "rōryoku",
"word": "労力"
},
{
"roman": "jinryoku",
"word": "尽力"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "どりょく"
},
{
"ipa": "[do̞ɾʲo̞kɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"word": "努力"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "とりょく'"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "努力",
"lit": "to exert + strength"
},
"expansion": "努力 (MC nuX lik, literally “to exert + strength”)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Cantonese",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Min Nan",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese compound 努力 (MC nuX lik, literally “to exert + strength”). Compare modern Cantonese reading nou⁵ lik⁶ or Min Nan ló͘-le̍k.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "努力する",
"ruby": [
[
"努",
"ど"
],
[
"力",
"りょく"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "doryoku suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "努力し",
"roman": "doryoku shi",
"ruby": [
[
"努",
"ど"
],
[
"力",
"りょく"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "努力した",
"roman": "doryoku shita",
"ruby": [
[
"努",
"ど"
],
[
"力",
"りょく"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "努力し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "どりょくし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "doryoku shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "努力する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "どりょくする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "doryoku suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "努力すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "どりょくすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "doryoku sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "努力せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "努力しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "どりょくせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "どりょくしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "doryoku seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "doryoku shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "努力される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "どりょくされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "doryoku sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "努力させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "努力さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "どりょくさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "どりょくさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "doryoku saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "doryoku sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "努力できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "どりょくできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "doryoku dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "努力しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "どりょくしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "doryoku shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "努力しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "どりょくしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "doryoku shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "努力せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "どりょくせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "doryoku sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "努力します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "どりょくします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "doryoku shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "努力した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "どりょくした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "doryoku shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "努力して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "どりょくして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "doryoku shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "努力すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "どりょくすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "doryoku sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 96",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 94",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 94",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 94",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 94",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 71",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "He worked hard to pass the exam.",
"roman": "Kare wa shiken ni gōkaku suru tame ni doryoku shita.",
"ruby": [
[
"彼",
"かれ"
],
[
"試験",
"しけん"
],
[
"合格",
"ごうかく"
],
[
"努力",
"どりょく"
]
],
"text": "彼は試験に合格するために努力した。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to endeavor, to make an effort"
],
"id": "en-努力-ja-verb-bH4ACyXL",
"links": [
[
"endeavor",
"endeavor"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "tsutomeru",
"ruby": [
[
"努",
"つと"
]
],
"word": "努める"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "どりょく"
},
{
"ipa": "[do̞ɾʲo̞kɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"word": "努力"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms borrowed from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity"
],
"etymology_templates": [
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"3": "-",
"sort": "とりょく'"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "努力",
"lit": "to exert + strength"
},
"expansion": "努力 (MC nuX lik, literally “to exert + strength”)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Cantonese",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
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},
"expansion": "Min Nan",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese compound 努力 (MC nuX lik, literally “to exert + strength”). Compare modern Cantonese reading nou⁵ lik⁶ or Min Nan ló͘-le̍k.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "努力",
"ruby": [
[
"努",
"ど"
],
[
"力",
"りょく"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "doryoku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "どりょく"
},
"expansion": "努(ど)力(りょく) • (doryoku)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"an effort, an endeavor"
],
"links": [
[
"effort",
"effort"
],
[
"endeavor",
"endeavor"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "どりょく"
},
{
"ipa": "[do̞ɾʲo̞kɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "rōryoku",
"word": "労力"
},
{
"roman": "jinryoku",
"word": "尽力"
}
],
"word": "努力"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms borrowed from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "とりょく'"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "努力",
"lit": "to exert + strength"
},
"expansion": "努力 (MC nuX lik, literally “to exert + strength”)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Cantonese",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Min Nan",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese compound 努力 (MC nuX lik, literally “to exert + strength”). Compare modern Cantonese reading nou⁵ lik⁶ or Min Nan ló͘-le̍k.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "努力する",
"ruby": [
[
"努",
"ど"
],
[
"力",
"りょく"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "doryoku suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "努力し",
"roman": "doryoku shi",
"ruby": [
[
"努",
"ど"
],
[
"力",
"りょく"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "努力した",
"roman": "doryoku shita",
"ruby": [
[
"努",
"ど"
],
[
"力",
"りょく"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "努力し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "どりょくし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "doryoku shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "努力する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "どりょくする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "doryoku suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "努力すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "どりょくすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "doryoku sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "努力せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "努力しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "どりょくせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "どりょくしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "doryoku seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "doryoku shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "努力される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "どりょくされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "doryoku sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "努力させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "努力さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "どりょくさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "どりょくさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "doryoku saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "doryoku sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "努力できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "どりょくできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "doryoku dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "努力しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "どりょくしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "doryoku shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "努力しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "どりょくしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "doryoku shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "努力せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "どりょくせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "doryoku sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "努力します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "どりょくします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "doryoku shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "努力した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "どりょくした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "doryoku shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "努力して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "どりょくして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "doryoku shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "努力すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "どりょくすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "doryoku sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "He worked hard to pass the exam.",
"roman": "Kare wa shiken ni gōkaku suru tame ni doryoku shita.",
"ruby": [
[
"彼",
"かれ"
],
[
"試験",
"しけん"
],
[
"合格",
"ごうかく"
],
[
"努力",
"どりょく"
]
],
"text": "彼は試験に合格するために努力した。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to endeavor, to make an effort"
],
"links": [
[
"endeavor",
"endeavor"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "どりょく"
},
{
"ipa": "[do̞ɾʲo̞kɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "tsutomeru",
"ruby": [
[
"努",
"つと"
]
],
"word": "努める"
}
],
"word": "努力"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"努力"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "努力",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
"path": [
"努力"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "努力",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
"path": [
"努力"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "努力",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
"path": [
"努力"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "努力",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
"path": [
"努力"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "努力",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
"path": [
"努力"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "努力",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
"path": [
"努力"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "努力",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.