"助動詞" meaning in Japanese

See 助動詞 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: [d͡ʑo̞do̞ːɕi] Forms: 助動詞 [canonical] (ruby: (じょ), (どう), ()), jodōshi [romanization]
Etymology: 助 (“to help”) + 動詞 (“verb”), literally “helping verb” Etymology templates: {{af|ja|助|動詞|lit=helping verb|sort=しょどうし'|t1=to help|t2=verb}} 助 (“to help”) + 動詞 (“verb”), literally “helping verb” Head templates: {{ja-noun|じょどうし}} 助(じょ)動(どう)詞(し) • (jodōshi)
  1. (non-Japanese and non-Korean grammar) an auxiliary verb
    Sense id: en-助動詞-ja-noun-vpEZVHjn Categories (other): Verbs Disambiguation of Verbs: 63 37
  2. (Japanese or Korean grammar) a class of 付属語 (fuzokugo, “bound forms”) that attach to 用言 (yōgen, “inflected words”) to add additional grammatical functions, such as tense, aspects, mood, evidentiality, etc.; strictly speaking, they must have verb-like inflection; broadly speaking, they include forms with adjective-like inflection and uninflected particles
    Sense id: en-助動詞-ja-noun-dDW2Gw3E Categories (other): Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Parts of speech, Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant alt parameters, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms read with on'yomi, Japanese terms with 3 kanji, Japanese terms with Nakadaka pitch accent (Tōkyō), Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys, Pages with 4 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 9 91 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant alt parameters: 10 90 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 9 91 Disambiguation of Japanese terms read with on'yomi: 24 76 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with 3 kanji: 26 74 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with Nakadaka pitch accent (Tōkyō): 9 91 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 8 92 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 9 91 Disambiguation of Pages with 4 entries: 6 94 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 3 97
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: 補助動詞 (hojo dōshi) (ruby: (), (じょ), (どう), ())
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "助",
        "3": "動詞",
        "lit": "helping verb",
        "sort": "しょどうし'",
        "t1": "to help",
        "t2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "助 (“to help”) + 動詞 (“verb”), literally “helping verb”",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "助 (“to help”) + 動詞 (“verb”), literally “helping verb”",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "助動詞",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "助",
          "じょ"
        ],
        [
          "動",
          "どう"
        ],
        [
          "詞",
          "し"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jodōshi",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "じょどうし"
      },
      "expansion": "助(じょ)動(どう)詞(し) • (jodōshi)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "hojo dōshi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "補",
          "ほ"
        ],
        [
          "助",
          "じょ"
        ],
        [
          "動",
          "どう"
        ],
        [
          "詞",
          "し"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "補助動詞"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "63 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Verbs",
          "orig": "ja:Verbs",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "an auxiliary verb"
      ],
      "id": "en-助動詞-ja-noun-vpEZVHjn",
      "links": [
        [
          "auxiliary verb",
          "auxiliary verb"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "non-Japanese and non-Korean grammar",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(non-Japanese and non-Korean grammar) an auxiliary verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Parts of speech",
          "orig": "ja:Parts of speech",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 91",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 90",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 91",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 76",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms read with on'yomi",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 74",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with 3 kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 91",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with Nakadaka pitch accent (Tōkyō)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 92",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 91",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 94",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 4 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 97",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a class of 付属語 (fuzokugo, “bound forms”) that attach to 用言 (yōgen, “inflected words”) to add additional grammatical functions, such as tense, aspects, mood, evidentiality, etc.; strictly speaking, they must have verb-like inflection; broadly speaking, they include forms with adjective-like inflection and uninflected particles"
      ],
      "id": "en-助動詞-ja-noun-dDW2Gw3E",
      "links": [
        [
          "grammar",
          "grammar"
        ],
        [
          "付属語",
          "付属語#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "用言",
          "用言#Japanese"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "Japanese or Korean grammar",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Japanese or Korean grammar) a class of 付属語 (fuzokugo, “bound forms”) that attach to 用言 (yōgen, “inflected words”) to add additional grammatical functions, such as tense, aspects, mood, evidentiality, etc.; strictly speaking, they must have verb-like inflection; broadly speaking, they include forms with adjective-like inflection and uninflected particles"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "じょどーし"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[d͡ʑo̞do̞ːɕi]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "ja:"
  ],
  "word": "助動詞"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese compound terms",
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese terms read with on'yomi",
    "Japanese terms spelled with sixth grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with 助 read as じょ",
    "Japanese terms spelled with 動 read as どう",
    "Japanese terms spelled with 詞 read as し",
    "Japanese terms with 3 kanji",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation with pitch accent",
    "Japanese terms with Nakadaka pitch accent (Tōkyō)",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Pages with 4 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "ja:Verbs"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "助",
        "3": "動詞",
        "lit": "helping verb",
        "sort": "しょどうし'",
        "t1": "to help",
        "t2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "助 (“to help”) + 動詞 (“verb”), literally “helping verb”",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "助 (“to help”) + 動詞 (“verb”), literally “helping verb”",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "助動詞",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "助",
          "じょ"
        ],
        [
          "動",
          "どう"
        ],
        [
          "詞",
          "し"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jodōshi",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "じょどうし"
      },
      "expansion": "助(じょ)動(どう)詞(し) • (jodōshi)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "roman": "hojo dōshi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "補",
          "ほ"
        ],
        [
          "助",
          "じょ"
        ],
        [
          "動",
          "どう"
        ],
        [
          "詞",
          "し"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "補助動詞"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "an auxiliary verb"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "auxiliary verb",
          "auxiliary verb"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "non-Japanese and non-Korean grammar",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(non-Japanese and non-Korean grammar) an auxiliary verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "ja:Parts of speech"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a class of 付属語 (fuzokugo, “bound forms”) that attach to 用言 (yōgen, “inflected words”) to add additional grammatical functions, such as tense, aspects, mood, evidentiality, etc.; strictly speaking, they must have verb-like inflection; broadly speaking, they include forms with adjective-like inflection and uninflected particles"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "grammar",
          "grammar"
        ],
        [
          "付属語",
          "付属語#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "用言",
          "用言#Japanese"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "Japanese or Korean grammar",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Japanese or Korean grammar) a class of 付属語 (fuzokugo, “bound forms”) that attach to 用言 (yōgen, “inflected words”) to add additional grammatical functions, such as tense, aspects, mood, evidentiality, etc.; strictly speaking, they must have verb-like inflection; broadly speaking, they include forms with adjective-like inflection and uninflected particles"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "じょどーし"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[d͡ʑo̞do̞ːɕi]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "ja:"
  ],
  "word": "助動詞"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 助動詞 meaning in Japanese (3.0kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-02 using wiktextract (ddb1505 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.