"元首" meaning in Japanese

See 元首 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: [ɡẽ̞ɰ̃ɕɨ] Forms: 元首 [canonical] (ruby: 元(げん), 首(しゅ)), genshu [romanization]
Etymology: From Middle Chinese compound 元首 (MC ngjwon syuwX, literally “first, prime + head”). Etymology templates: {{der|ja|ltc|-|sort=げんしゅ}} Middle Chinese, {{ltc-l|元首|id=1,1|lit=first, prime + head}} 元首 (MC ngjwon syuwX, literally “first, prime + head”) Head templates: {{ja-noun|げんしゅ}} 元(げん)首(しゅ) • (genshu)
  1. head of state (the chief public representative of a nation), ruler, sovereign Derived forms: 元首政 (genshusei) (ruby: 元首政(げんしゅせい)) (english: the principate, a type of government in ancient Rome, established under Augustus Caesar)
    Sense id: en-元首-ja-noun-N4TBNS5Z Categories (other): Japanese terms with 2 kanji, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys Disambiguation of Japanese terms with 2 kanji: 33 33 33
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Noun

IPA: [mo̞to̞kɯ̟bʲi] Forms: 元首 [canonical] (ruby: 元(もと), 首(くび)), motokubi [romanization]
Etymology: Compound of 元 (moto, “origin, base”) + 首 (kubi, “neck, head”). Etymology templates: {{compound|ja|元|首|sort=もとくび|t1=origin, base|t2=neck, head|tr1=moto|tr2=kubi}} 元 (moto, “origin, base”) + 首 (kubi, “neck, head”) Head templates: {{ja-noun|もとくび}} 元(もと)首(くび) • (motokubi)
  1. (rare) the base of the neck Tags: rare
    Sense id: en-元首-ja-noun-UpvDCOfe Categories (other): Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Japanese links with redundant alt parameters, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with 2 kanji, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant alt parameters: 6 45 48 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 6 45 48 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with 2 kanji: 33 33 33 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 5 44 50
  2. (rare) (by extension upwards) the head Tags: rare
    Sense id: en-元首-ja-noun-~c1QUHwq Categories (other): Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant alt parameters, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with 2 kanji, Japanese terms with multiple readings, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 14 36 50 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant alt parameters: 6 45 48 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 6 45 48 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with 2 kanji: 33 33 33 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with multiple readings: 17 25 58 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 5 44 50
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2
{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ltc",
        "3": "-",
        "sort": "げんしゅ"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Chinese",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "元首",
        "id": "1,1",
        "lit": "first, prime + head"
      },
      "expansion": "元首 (MC ngjwon syuwX, literally “first, prime + head”)",
      "name": "ltc-l"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese compound 元首 (MC ngjwon syuwX, literally “first, prime + head”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "元首",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "元",
          "げん"
        ],
        [
          "首",
          "しゅ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "genshu",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "げんしゅ"
      },
      "expansion": "元(げん)首(しゅ) • (genshu)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "33 33 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "english": "the principate, a type of government in ancient Rome, established under Augustus Caesar",
          "roman": "genshusei",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "元首政",
              "げんしゅせい"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "元首政"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "head of state (the chief public representative of a nation), ruler, sovereign"
      ],
      "id": "en-元首-ja-noun-N4TBNS5Z",
      "links": [
        [
          "head of state",
          "head of state"
        ],
        [
          "ruler",
          "ruler"
        ],
        [
          "sovereign",
          "sovereign"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "げんしゅ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɡẽ̞ɰ̃ɕɨ]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "ja:元首"
  ],
  "word": "元首"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "元",
        "3": "首",
        "sort": "もとくび",
        "t1": "origin, base",
        "t2": "neck, head",
        "tr1": "moto",
        "tr2": "kubi"
      },
      "expansion": "元 (moto, “origin, base”) + 首 (kubi, “neck, head”)",
      "name": "compound"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Compound of 元 (moto, “origin, base”) + 首 (kubi, “neck, head”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "元首",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "元",
          "もと"
        ],
        [
          "首",
          "くび"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "motokubi",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "もとくび"
      },
      "expansion": "元(もと)首(くび) • (motokubi)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 45 48",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 45 48",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "33 33 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 44 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "the base of the neck"
      ],
      "id": "en-元首-ja-noun-UpvDCOfe",
      "links": [
        [
          "base",
          "base"
        ],
        [
          "neck",
          "neck"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) the base of the neck"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 36 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 45 48",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 45 48",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "33 33 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 25 58",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 44 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "(by extension upwards) the head"
      ],
      "id": "en-元首-ja-noun-~c1QUHwq",
      "links": [
        [
          "head",
          "head"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) (by extension upwards) the head"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[mo̞to̞kɯ̟bʲi]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Daijirin"
  ],
  "word": "元首"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese compound terms",
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
    "Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
    "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "the principate, a type of government in ancient Rome, established under Augustus Caesar",
      "roman": "genshusei",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "元首政",
          "げんしゅせい"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "元首政"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ltc",
        "3": "-",
        "sort": "げんしゅ"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Chinese",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "元首",
        "id": "1,1",
        "lit": "first, prime + head"
      },
      "expansion": "元首 (MC ngjwon syuwX, literally “first, prime + head”)",
      "name": "ltc-l"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese compound 元首 (MC ngjwon syuwX, literally “first, prime + head”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "元首",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "元",
          "げん"
        ],
        [
          "首",
          "しゅ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "genshu",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "げんしゅ"
      },
      "expansion": "元(げん)首(しゅ) • (genshu)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "head of state (the chief public representative of a nation), ruler, sovereign"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "head of state",
          "head of state"
        ],
        [
          "ruler",
          "ruler"
        ],
        [
          "sovereign",
          "sovereign"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "げんしゅ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɡẽ̞ɰ̃ɕɨ]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "ja:元首"
  ],
  "word": "元首"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese compound terms",
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
    "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "元",
        "3": "首",
        "sort": "もとくび",
        "t1": "origin, base",
        "t2": "neck, head",
        "tr1": "moto",
        "tr2": "kubi"
      },
      "expansion": "元 (moto, “origin, base”) + 首 (kubi, “neck, head”)",
      "name": "compound"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Compound of 元 (moto, “origin, base”) + 首 (kubi, “neck, head”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "元首",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "元",
          "もと"
        ],
        [
          "首",
          "くび"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "motokubi",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "もとくび"
      },
      "expansion": "元(もと)首(くび) • (motokubi)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "Japanese terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "the base of the neck"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "base",
          "base"
        ],
        [
          "neck",
          "neck"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) the base of the neck"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "Japanese terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "(by extension upwards) the head"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "head",
          "head"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) (by extension upwards) the head"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[mo̞to̞kɯ̟bʲi]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Daijirin"
  ],
  "word": "元首"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 元首 meaning in Japanese (3.7kB)

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "元首"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "元首",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "元首"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "元首",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.