すくむ in Japanese

IPA: [sɨ̥ᵝkɯ̟ᵝmɯ̟ᵝ] [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Head templates: {{ja-verb|hhira=すくむ|tr=intrans|type=1}} すくむ • (sukumu) ^(←すくむ (sukumu)?)intransitive godan (stem すくみ (sukumi), past すくんだ (sukunda)) Forms: sukumu [romanization], すくみ [stem], すくんだ [past], no-table-tags [table-tags], すくま [error-unrecognized-form], sukuma [error-unrecognized-form], すくみ [error-unrecognized-form], sukumi [error-unrecognized-form], すくむ [error-unrecognized-form], sukumu [error-unrecognized-form], すくめ [error-unrecognized-form], sukume [error-unrecognized-form], すくまれる [passive], sukumareru [passive], すくませる [causative], すくます [causative], sukumaseru [causative], sukumasu [causative], すくめる [potential], sukumeru [potential], すくもう [volitional], sukumō [volitional], すくまない [negative], sukumanai [negative], すくまず [continuative, negative], sukumazu [continuative, negative], すくみます [formal], sukumimasu [formal], すくんだ [perfective], sukunda [perfective], すくんで [conjunctive], sukunde [conjunctive], すくめば [conditional, hypothetical], sukumeba [conditional, hypothetical]

Alternative forms

[Show JSON for post-processed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▼] [Hide JSON for post-processed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▲]

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "sukumu",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すくみ",
      "roman": "sukumi",
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すくんだ",
      "roman": "sukunda",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-go-mu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すくま",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sukuma",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すくみ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sukumi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すくむ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sukumu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すくめ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sukume",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すくまれる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sukumareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すくませる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すくます",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sukumaseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sukumasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すくめる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sukumeru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すくもう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sukumō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すくまない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sukumanai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すくまず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sukumazu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すくみます",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sukumimasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すくんだ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sukunda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すくんで",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sukunde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すくめば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sukumeba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "hhira": "すくむ",
        "tr": "intrans",
        "type": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "すくむ • (sukumu) ^(←すくむ (sukumu)?)intransitive godan (stem すくみ (sukumi), past すくんだ (sukunda))",
      "name": "ja-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "73 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "79 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "84 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "84 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "84 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "freeze from fear, be paralyzed with fear"
      ],
      "id": "en-すくむ-ja-verb-LwLF7Gcl",
      "links": [
        [
          "freeze",
          "freeze"
        ],
        [
          "paralyzed",
          "paralyzed"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "cower, shrink before something"
      ],
      "id": "en-すくむ-ja-verb-FYrQm-8L",
      "links": [
        [
          "cower",
          "cower"
        ],
        [
          "shrink",
          "shrink"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "すくむ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[sɨ̥ᵝkɯ̟ᵝmɯ̟ᵝ]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "すくむ"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese hiragana",
    "Japanese intransitive verbs",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with manual fragments",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese type 1 verbs",
    "Japanese verbs"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "sukumu",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すくみ",
      "roman": "sukumi",
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すくんだ",
      "roman": "sukunda",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-go-mu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すくま",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sukuma",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すくみ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sukumi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すくむ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sukumu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すくめ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sukume",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すくまれる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sukumareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すくませる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すくます",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sukumaseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sukumasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すくめる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sukumeru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すくもう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sukumō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すくまない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sukumanai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すくまず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sukumazu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すくみます",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sukumimasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すくんだ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sukunda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すくんで",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sukunde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すくめば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sukumeba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "hhira": "すくむ",
        "tr": "intrans",
        "type": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "すくむ • (sukumu) ^(←すくむ (sukumu)?)intransitive godan (stem すくみ (sukumi), past すくんだ (sukunda))",
      "name": "ja-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "freeze from fear, be paralyzed with fear"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "freeze",
          "freeze"
        ],
        [
          "paralyzed",
          "paralyzed"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "cower, shrink before something"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cower",
          "cower"
        ],
        [
          "shrink",
          "shrink"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "すくむ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[sɨ̥ᵝkɯ̟ᵝmɯ̟ᵝ]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "すくむ"
}

[Show JSON error data ▼] [Hide JSON error data ▲]

{
  "called_from": "parser/304",
  "msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
  "path": [
    "すくむ"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "すくむ",
  "trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "すくむ"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "すくむ",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
  "path": [
    "すくむ"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "すくむ",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
  "path": [
    "すくむ"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "すくむ",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
  "path": [
    "すくむ"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "すくむ",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
  "path": [
    "すくむ"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "すくむ",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
  "path": [
    "すくむ"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "すくむ",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
  "path": [
    "すくむ"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "すくむ",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (91e95e7 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"すくむ" meaning in Japanese

Verb

Alternative forms