See calma in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "mga",
"3": "calma",
"t": "strong; brave, valiant"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish calma (“strong; brave, valiant”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Irish calma (“strong; brave, valiant”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"10": "{{{pl}}}",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{pl2}}}",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{gsm}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{gsf}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{gsf2}}}",
"9": "",
"altform": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "calma",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "calma",
"name": "ga-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "42 18 18 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"stalwart; brave, strong"
],
"id": "en-calma-ga-adj-pQpNzI6d",
"links": [
[
"stalwart",
"stalwart"
],
[
"brave",
"brave"
],
[
"strong",
"strong"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"fine, splendid"
],
"id": "en-calma-ga-adj--0eeDoAE",
"links": [
[
"fine",
"fine"
],
[
"splendid",
"splendid"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkal̪ˠəmˠə/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkalˠəmˠə/"
}
],
"word": "calma"
}
{
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "enm",
"3": "calme"
},
"expansion": "Middle English calme",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "frm",
"3": "calme"
},
"expansion": "Middle French calme",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "roa-oit",
"3": "calma"
},
"expansion": "Old Italian calma",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "grc",
"3": "καῦμα"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek καῦμα (kaûma)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "calme"
},
"expansion": "French calme",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "calm"
},
"expansion": "English calm",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English calme, from Middle French calme, from Old Italian calma, from Ancient Greek καῦμα (kaûma).\nCompare French calme, English calm.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"10": "{{{pl}}}",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{pl2}}}",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{gsm}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{gsf}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{gsf2}}}",
"9": "",
"altform": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "calma",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "calma",
"name": "ga-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"calm"
],
"id": "en-calma-ga-adj-K0surfey",
"links": [
[
"calm",
"calm"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkal̪ˠəmˠə/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkalˠəmˠə/"
}
],
"word": "calma"
}
{
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "enm",
"3": "calme"
},
"expansion": "Middle English calme",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "frm",
"3": "calme"
},
"expansion": "Middle French calme",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "roa-oit",
"3": "calma"
},
"expansion": "Old Italian calma",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "grc",
"3": "καῦμα"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek καῦμα (kaûma)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "calme"
},
"expansion": "French calme",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "calm"
},
"expansion": "English calm",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English calme, from Middle French calme, from Old Italian calma, from Ancient Greek καῦμα (kaûma).\nCompare French calme, English calm.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "calma",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "declension-4 no-plural",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "inflection-box-top",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "inflection-table-top",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "calma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "a chalma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "calma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "calma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "inflection-table-top",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "an calma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "an chalma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "leis an gcalma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "don chalma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ga-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "calma",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "chalma",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"lenition"
]
},
{
"form": "gcalma",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"eclipsis"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "-",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "genitive singular",
"4": "calma",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"altform": "",
"cat2": "",
"f1request": "1",
"f4request": "1",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "calma m (genitive singular calma)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "~",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "calma m (genitive singular calma)",
"name": "ga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ga-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "calm",
"word": "calm"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of calm (“calm”)"
],
"id": "en-calma-ga-noun-lTW3aIFb",
"links": [
[
"calm",
"calm#Irish"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkal̪ˠəmˠə/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkalˠəmˠə/"
}
],
"word": "calma"
}
{
"categories": [
"Irish adjectives",
"Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Irish fourth-declension nouns",
"Irish lemmas",
"Irish masculine nouns",
"Irish nouns",
"Irish terms borrowed from Middle English",
"Irish terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Irish terms derived from Middle English",
"Irish terms derived from Middle French",
"Irish terms derived from Middle Irish",
"Irish terms derived from Old Italian",
"Irish terms inherited from Middle Irish",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "mga",
"3": "calma",
"t": "strong; brave, valiant"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish calma (“strong; brave, valiant”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Irish calma (“strong; brave, valiant”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"10": "{{{pl}}}",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{pl2}}}",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{gsm}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{gsf}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{gsf2}}}",
"9": "",
"altform": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "calma",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "calma",
"name": "ga-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"stalwart; brave, strong"
],
"links": [
[
"stalwart",
"stalwart"
],
[
"brave",
"brave"
],
[
"strong",
"strong"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"fine, splendid"
],
"links": [
[
"fine",
"fine"
],
[
"splendid",
"splendid"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkal̪ˠəmˠə/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkalˠəmˠə/"
}
],
"word": "calma"
}
{
"categories": [
"Irish adjectives",
"Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Irish fourth-declension nouns",
"Irish lemmas",
"Irish masculine nouns",
"Irish nouns",
"Irish terms borrowed from Middle English",
"Irish terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Irish terms derived from Middle English",
"Irish terms derived from Middle French",
"Irish terms derived from Old Italian",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "enm",
"3": "calme"
},
"expansion": "Middle English calme",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "frm",
"3": "calme"
},
"expansion": "Middle French calme",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "roa-oit",
"3": "calma"
},
"expansion": "Old Italian calma",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "grc",
"3": "καῦμα"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek καῦμα (kaûma)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "calme"
},
"expansion": "French calme",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "calm"
},
"expansion": "English calm",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English calme, from Middle French calme, from Old Italian calma, from Ancient Greek καῦμα (kaûma).\nCompare French calme, English calm.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"10": "{{{pl}}}",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{pl2}}}",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{gsm}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{gsf}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{gsf2}}}",
"9": "",
"altform": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "calma",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "calma",
"name": "ga-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"calm"
],
"links": [
[
"calm",
"calm"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkal̪ˠəmˠə/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkalˠəmˠə/"
}
],
"word": "calma"
}
{
"categories": [
"Irish adjectives",
"Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Irish fourth-declension nouns",
"Irish lemmas",
"Irish masculine nouns",
"Irish nouns",
"Irish terms borrowed from Middle English",
"Irish terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Irish terms derived from Middle English",
"Irish terms derived from Middle French",
"Irish terms derived from Old Italian",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "enm",
"3": "calme"
},
"expansion": "Middle English calme",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "frm",
"3": "calme"
},
"expansion": "Middle French calme",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "roa-oit",
"3": "calma"
},
"expansion": "Old Italian calma",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "grc",
"3": "καῦμα"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek καῦμα (kaûma)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "calme"
},
"expansion": "French calme",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "calm"
},
"expansion": "English calm",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English calme, from Middle French calme, from Old Italian calma, from Ancient Greek καῦμα (kaûma).\nCompare French calme, English calm.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "calma",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "declension-4 no-plural",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "inflection-box-top",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "inflection-table-top",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "calma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "a chalma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "calma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "calma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "inflection-table-top",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "an calma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "an chalma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "leis an gcalma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "don chalma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ga-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "calma",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "chalma",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"lenition"
]
},
{
"form": "gcalma",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"eclipsis"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "-",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "genitive singular",
"4": "calma",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"altform": "",
"cat2": "",
"f1request": "1",
"f4request": "1",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "calma m (genitive singular calma)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "~",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "calma m (genitive singular calma)",
"name": "ga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ga-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "calm",
"word": "calm"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of calm (“calm”)"
],
"links": [
[
"calm",
"calm#Irish"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkal̪ˠəmˠə/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkalˠəmˠə/"
}
],
"word": "calma"
}
Download raw JSONL data for calma meaning in Irish (7.0kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/328",
"msg": "TABLE not properly closed",
"path": [
"calma"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "calma",
"trace": "started on line 3, detected on line 17"
}
{
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"msg": "HTML tag <div> not properly closed",
"path": [
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],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "calma",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 17"
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'strong noun'",
"path": [
"calma"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "calma",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'weak noun'",
"path": [
"calma"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "calma",
"trace": ""
}
{
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"path": [
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"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "calma",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/328",
"msg": "TABLE not properly closed",
"path": [
"calma"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "calma",
"trace": "started on line 3, detected on line 17"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <div> not properly closed",
"path": [
"calma"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "calma",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 17"
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'strong noun'",
"path": [
"calma"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "calma",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'weak noun'",
"path": [
"calma"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "calma",
"trace": ""
}
{
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"path": [
"calma"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "calma",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/328",
"msg": "TABLE not properly closed",
"path": [
"calma"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "calma",
"trace": "started on line 3, detected on line 8"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <div> not properly closed",
"path": [
"calma"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "calma",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 8"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/328",
"msg": "TABLE not properly closed",
"path": [
"calma"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "calma",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 20"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <div> not properly closed",
"path": [
"calma"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "calma",
"trace": "started on line 1, detected on line 20"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </div>",
"path": [
"calma"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "calma",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/328",
"msg": "TABLE not properly closed",
"path": [
"calma"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "calma",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 17"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <div> not properly closed",
"path": [
"calma"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "calma",
"trace": "started on line 1, detected on line 17"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </div>",
"path": [
"calma"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "calma",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </div>",
"path": [
"calma"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "calma",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: calma/Irish 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"calma"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "calma",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Irish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-08-05 using wiktextract (872fc7b and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.