"ard" meaning in Irish

See ard in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /ɑːɾˠd̪ˠ/ [Connacht, Munster], /aːɾˠd̪ˠ/ [Ulster]
Etymology: From Old Irish ard, from Proto-Celtic *ardwos (compare Welsh ardd) from Proto-Indo-European *h₃erdʰ- (compare Latin arduus). Etymology templates: {{root|ga|ine-pro|*h₃erdʰ-}}, {{der|ga|sga|ard}} Old Irish ard, {{der|ga|cel-pro|*ardwos}} Proto-Celtic *ardwos, {{cog|cy|ardd}} Welsh ardd, {{inh|ga|ine-pro|*h₃erdʰ-}} Proto-Indo-European *h₃erdʰ-, {{cog|la|arduus}} Latin arduus Head templates: {{head|ga|adjective|genitive singular masculine|aird|genitive singular feminine|airde||{{{gsf2}}}|plural|arda||{{{pl2}}}|comparative|airde|||head=}} ard (genitive singular masculine aird, genitive singular feminine airde, plural arda, comparative airde), {{ga-adj|comp=airde|gsf=airde|gsm=aird|pl=arda}} ard (genitive singular masculine aird, genitive singular feminine airde, plural arda, comparative airde) Forms: aird [genitive, masculine, singular], airde [feminine, genitive, singular], arda [plural], airde [comparative], no-table-tags [table-tags], nominative [positive], ard [masculine, singular], arda [plural], vocative [positive], genitive [positive], airde [feminine, singular], arda [plural, strong], ard [plural, weak], dative [positive], ard [feminine, singular], aird [archaic, feminine, singular], níos airde [comparative], is airde [superlative]
  1. high, tall
    Sense id: en-ard-ga-adj-uDfaWTBL
  2. loud
    Sense id: en-ard-ga-adj-2xpgu~8i
  3. ambitious
    Sense id: en-ard-ga-adj-5CjuHn35 Categories (other): Irish entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Irish entries with incorrect language header: 12 9 41 8 2 8 15 2 3
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: arad [nonstandard], árd [obsolete] Derived forms: airde (english: height; elevation; altitude; level; volume, pitch) [feminine], ard- (english: high; arch-, chief; excellent, noble; advanced)

Noun

IPA: /ɑːɾˠd̪ˠ/ [Connacht, Munster], /aːɾˠd̪ˠ/ [Ulster]
Etymology: From Old Irish ard, from Proto-Celtic *ardwos (compare Welsh ardd) from Proto-Indo-European *h₃erdʰ- (compare Latin arduus). Etymology templates: {{root|ga|ine-pro|*h₃erdʰ-}}, {{der|ga|sga|ard}} Old Irish ard, {{der|ga|cel-pro|*ardwos}} Proto-Celtic *ardwos, {{cog|cy|ardd}} Welsh ardd, {{inh|ga|ine-pro|*h₃erdʰ-}} Proto-Indo-European *h₃erdʰ-, {{cog|la|arduus}} Latin arduus Head templates: {{head|ga|noun|genitive singular|aird|||||||nominative plural|arda|||||cat2=|f1request=1|f4request=1|g=m|g2=|g3=|head=}} ard m (genitive singular aird, nominative plural arda), {{ga-noun|m|aird|arda}} ard m (genitive singular aird, nominative plural arda) Inflection templates: {{ga-mut|msn}} Forms: aird [genitive, singular], arda [nominative, plural], no-table-tags [table-tags], nominative [indefinite], ard [indefinite, singular], arda [indefinite, plural], vocative [indefinite], a aird [indefinite, singular], a arda [indefinite, plural], genitive [indefinite], aird [indefinite, singular], ard [indefinite, plural], dative [indefinite], no-table-tags [table-tags], nominative [definite], an t-ard [definite, singular], na harda [definite, plural], genitive [definite], an aird [definite, singular], na n-ard [definite, plural], dative [definite], leis an ard [definite, singular], don ard [definite, singular], leis na harda [definite, plural], no-table-tags [table-tags], ard [error-unrecognized-form], n-ard [error-unrecognized-form], hard [error-unrecognized-form], t-ard [error-unrecognized-form]
  1. height, hillock Tags: masculine
    Sense id: en-ard-ga-noun-MwWyB4IN
  2. top, high part Tags: masculine
    Sense id: en-ard-ga-noun-Xirc9VDl
  3. elevation (of land) Tags: masculine
    Sense id: en-ard-ga-noun-aQt2pmJk
  4. head (of sand, clay) Tags: masculine
    Sense id: en-ard-ga-noun-nZLnQEAz
  5. rise Tags: masculine
    Sense id: en-ard-ga-noun-2~vhzS7h
  6. ascent Tags: masculine
    Sense id: en-ard-ga-noun-Xj1K~zuY
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: arad [nonstandard], árd [obsolete] Derived forms: os ard

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "english": "height; elevation; altitude; level; volume, pitch",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "airde"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "english": "high; arch-, chief; excellent, noble; advanced",
      "word": "ard-"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₃erdʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "sga",
        "3": "ard"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish ard",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*ardwos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *ardwos",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "ardd"
      },
      "expansion": "Welsh ardd",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₃erdʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃erdʰ-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "arduus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin arduus",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Irish ard, from Proto-Celtic *ardwos (compare Welsh ardd) from Proto-Indo-European *h₃erdʰ- (compare Latin arduus).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "aird",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "airde",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arda",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "airde",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "l-self",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nominative",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "positive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ard",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vocative",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "positive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "genitive",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "positive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "airde",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ard",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dative",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "positive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ard",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aird",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "níos airde",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "is airde",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "10": "arda",
        "11": "",
        "12": "{{{pl2}}}",
        "13": "comparative",
        "14": "airde",
        "15": "",
        "16": "",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "genitive singular masculine",
        "4": "aird",
        "5": "genitive singular feminine",
        "6": "airde",
        "7": "",
        "8": "{{{gsf2}}}",
        "9": "plural",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "ard (genitive singular masculine aird, genitive singular feminine airde, plural arda, comparative airde)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "comp": "airde",
        "gsf": "airde",
        "gsm": "aird",
        "pl": "arda"
      },
      "expansion": "ard (genitive singular masculine aird, genitive singular feminine airde, plural arda, comparative airde)",
      "name": "ga-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Irish",
  "lang_code": "ga",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "high, tall"
      ],
      "id": "en-ard-ga-adj-uDfaWTBL",
      "links": [
        [
          "high",
          "high"
        ],
        [
          "tall",
          "tall"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "loud"
      ],
      "id": "en-ard-ga-adj-2xpgu~8i",
      "links": [
        [
          "loud",
          "loud"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "12 9 41 8 2 8 15 2 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Irish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ambitious"
      ],
      "id": "en-ard-ga-adj-5CjuHn35",
      "links": [
        [
          "ambitious",
          "ambitious"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɑːɾˠd̪ˠ/",
      "tags": [
        "Connacht",
        "Munster"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/aːɾˠd̪ˠ/",
      "tags": [
        "Ulster"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "nonstandard"
      ],
      "word": "arad"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "árd"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ard"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "os ard"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₃erdʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "sga",
        "3": "ard"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish ard",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*ardwos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *ardwos",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "ardd"
      },
      "expansion": "Welsh ardd",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₃erdʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃erdʰ-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "arduus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin arduus",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Irish ard, from Proto-Celtic *ardwos (compare Welsh ardd) from Proto-Indo-European *h₃erdʰ- (compare Latin arduus).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "aird",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arda",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nominative",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ard",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vocative",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a aird",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a arda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "genitive",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aird",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ard",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dative",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nominative",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "an t-ard",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "na harda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "genitive",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "an aird",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "na n-ard",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dative",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leis an ard",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "don ard",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leis na harda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ga-mut",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ard",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "n-ard",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hard",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "t-ard",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "10": "",
        "11": "nominative plural",
        "12": "arda",
        "13": "",
        "14": "",
        "15": "",
        "16": "",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "genitive singular",
        "4": "aird",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "f1request": "1",
        "f4request": "1",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "ard m (genitive singular aird, nominative plural arda)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "aird",
        "3": "arda"
      },
      "expansion": "ard m (genitive singular aird, nominative plural arda)",
      "name": "ga-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "msn"
      },
      "name": "ga-mut"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Irish",
  "lang_code": "ga",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "height, hillock"
      ],
      "id": "en-ard-ga-noun-MwWyB4IN",
      "links": [
        [
          "height",
          "height"
        ],
        [
          "hillock",
          "hillock"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "top, high part"
      ],
      "id": "en-ard-ga-noun-Xirc9VDl",
      "links": [
        [
          "top",
          "top"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "elevation (of land)"
      ],
      "id": "en-ard-ga-noun-aQt2pmJk",
      "links": [
        [
          "elevation",
          "elevation"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "head (of sand, clay)"
      ],
      "id": "en-ard-ga-noun-nZLnQEAz",
      "links": [
        [
          "head",
          "head"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "rise"
      ],
      "id": "en-ard-ga-noun-2~vhzS7h",
      "links": [
        [
          "rise",
          "rise"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "ascent"
      ],
      "id": "en-ard-ga-noun-Xj1K~zuY",
      "links": [
        [
          "ascent",
          "ascent"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɑːɾˠd̪ˠ/",
      "tags": [
        "Connacht",
        "Munster"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/aːɾˠd̪ˠ/",
      "tags": [
        "Ulster"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "nonstandard"
      ],
      "word": "arad"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "árd"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ard"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Irish adjectives",
    "Irish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Irish first-declension nouns",
    "Irish lemmas",
    "Irish masculine nouns",
    "Irish nouns",
    "Irish terms derived from Old Irish",
    "Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
    "Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₃erdʰ-",
    "Irish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Pages with 10 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "height; elevation; altitude; level; volume, pitch",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "airde"
    },
    {
      "english": "high; arch-, chief; excellent, noble; advanced",
      "word": "ard-"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₃erdʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "sga",
        "3": "ard"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish ard",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*ardwos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *ardwos",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "ardd"
      },
      "expansion": "Welsh ardd",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₃erdʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃erdʰ-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "arduus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin arduus",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Irish ard, from Proto-Celtic *ardwos (compare Welsh ardd) from Proto-Indo-European *h₃erdʰ- (compare Latin arduus).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "aird",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "airde",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arda",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "airde",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "l-self",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nominative",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "positive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ard",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vocative",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "positive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "genitive",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "positive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "airde",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ard",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dative",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "positive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ard",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aird",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "níos airde",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "is airde",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "10": "arda",
        "11": "",
        "12": "{{{pl2}}}",
        "13": "comparative",
        "14": "airde",
        "15": "",
        "16": "",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "genitive singular masculine",
        "4": "aird",
        "5": "genitive singular feminine",
        "6": "airde",
        "7": "",
        "8": "{{{gsf2}}}",
        "9": "plural",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "ard (genitive singular masculine aird, genitive singular feminine airde, plural arda, comparative airde)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "comp": "airde",
        "gsf": "airde",
        "gsm": "aird",
        "pl": "arda"
      },
      "expansion": "ard (genitive singular masculine aird, genitive singular feminine airde, plural arda, comparative airde)",
      "name": "ga-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Irish",
  "lang_code": "ga",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "high, tall"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "high",
          "high"
        ],
        [
          "tall",
          "tall"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "loud"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "loud",
          "loud"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "ambitious"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ambitious",
          "ambitious"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɑːɾˠd̪ˠ/",
      "tags": [
        "Connacht",
        "Munster"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/aːɾˠd̪ˠ/",
      "tags": [
        "Ulster"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "nonstandard"
      ],
      "word": "arad"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "árd"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ard"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Irish adjectives",
    "Irish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Irish first-declension nouns",
    "Irish lemmas",
    "Irish masculine nouns",
    "Irish nouns",
    "Irish terms derived from Old Irish",
    "Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
    "Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₃erdʰ-",
    "Irish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Pages with 10 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "os ard"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₃erdʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "sga",
        "3": "ard"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish ard",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*ardwos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *ardwos",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "ardd"
      },
      "expansion": "Welsh ardd",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₃erdʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃erdʰ-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "arduus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin arduus",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Irish ard, from Proto-Celtic *ardwos (compare Welsh ardd) from Proto-Indo-European *h₃erdʰ- (compare Latin arduus).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "aird",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arda",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nominative",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ard",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vocative",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a aird",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a arda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "genitive",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aird",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ard",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dative",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nominative",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "an t-ard",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "na harda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "genitive",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "an aird",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "na n-ard",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dative",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leis an ard",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "don ard",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leis na harda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ga-mut",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ard",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "n-ard",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hard",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "t-ard",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "10": "",
        "11": "nominative plural",
        "12": "arda",
        "13": "",
        "14": "",
        "15": "",
        "16": "",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "genitive singular",
        "4": "aird",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "f1request": "1",
        "f4request": "1",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "ard m (genitive singular aird, nominative plural arda)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "aird",
        "3": "arda"
      },
      "expansion": "ard m (genitive singular aird, nominative plural arda)",
      "name": "ga-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "msn"
      },
      "name": "ga-mut"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Irish",
  "lang_code": "ga",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "height, hillock"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "height",
          "height"
        ],
        [
          "hillock",
          "hillock"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "top, high part"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "top",
          "top"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "elevation (of land)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "elevation",
          "elevation"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "head (of sand, clay)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "head",
          "head"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "rise"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "rise",
          "rise"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "ascent"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ascent",
          "ascent"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɑːɾˠd̪ˠ/",
      "tags": [
        "Connacht",
        "Munster"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/aːɾˠd̪ˠ/",
      "tags": [
        "Ulster"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "nonstandard"
      ],
      "word": "arad"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "árd"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ard"
}

Download raw JSONL data for ard meaning in Irish (8.6kB)

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </div>",
  "path": [
    "ard"
  ],
  "section": "Irish",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "ard",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </div>",
  "path": [
    "ard"
  ],
  "section": "Irish",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "ard",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2457",
  "msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: nominative",
  "path": [
    "ard"
  ],
  "section": "Irish",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "ard",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2457",
  "msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: vocative",
  "path": [
    "ard"
  ],
  "section": "Irish",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "ard",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2457",
  "msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: genitive",
  "path": [
    "ard"
  ],
  "section": "Irish",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "ard",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2457",
  "msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: dative",
  "path": [
    "ard"
  ],
  "section": "Irish",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "ard",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2457",
  "msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: nominative",
  "path": [
    "ard"
  ],
  "section": "Irish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "ard",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2457",
  "msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: vocative",
  "path": [
    "ard"
  ],
  "section": "Irish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "ard",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2457",
  "msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: genitive",
  "path": [
    "ard"
  ],
  "section": "Irish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "ard",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2457",
  "msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: dative",
  "path": [
    "ard"
  ],
  "section": "Irish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "ard",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2457",
  "msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: nominative",
  "path": [
    "ard"
  ],
  "section": "Irish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "ard",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2457",
  "msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: genitive",
  "path": [
    "ard"
  ],
  "section": "Irish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "ard",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2457",
  "msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: dative",
  "path": [
    "ard"
  ],
  "section": "Irish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "ard",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: ard/Irish 'radical' base_tags=set()",
  "path": [
    "ard"
  ],
  "section": "Irish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "ard",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'eclipsis'",
  "path": [
    "ard"
  ],
  "section": "Irish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "ard",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: ard/Irish 'with h-prothesis' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form'}",
  "path": [
    "ard"
  ],
  "section": "Irish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "ard",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: ard/Irish 'with t-prothesis' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form'}",
  "path": [
    "ard"
  ],
  "section": "Irish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "ard",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Irish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (bcd5c38 and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.