"keras" meaning in Indonesian

See keras in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /kəˈras/ [Standard-Indonesian], [kəˈras] [Standard-Indonesian] Forms: kêras [canonical]
Rhymes: -as Etymology: From Malay keras, from Classical Malay keras, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kəʀas. Etymology templates: {{inh|id|ms|keras}} Malay keras, {{inh|id|ms-cla|keras}} Classical Malay keras, {{inh|id|poz-pro|*kəʀas}} Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kəʀas Head templates: {{id-adj|head=kêras}} kêras
  1. hard,
    (of material) resistant to pressure
    Synonyms: kuat
    Sense id: en-keras-id-adj-1G~hz9WM
  2. hard,
    (figurative) demanding a lot of effort to endure
    Tags: figuratively Synonyms: pelik, sulit, susah
    Sense id: en-keras-id-adj-Kbg9LU4d
  3. hard,
    (figurative) severe, harsh
    Tags: figuratively
    Sense id: en-keras-id-adj-GEja6PU2
  4. hard,
    (of drugs, figurative) having a high concentration of an essential or active ingredient; strong
    Tags: figuratively
    Sense id: en-keras-id-adj-wpzs942O Categories (other): Pages with entries, Indonesian entries with incorrect language header, Indonesian terms with redundant script codes Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 30 0 2 3 30 18 2 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 4 0 3 1 0 1 0 Disambiguation of Indonesian entries with incorrect language header: 2 5 7 35 22 2 1 3 4 3 2 4 2 0 0 1 5 2 Disambiguation of Indonesian terms with redundant script codes: 3 8 12 23 14 3 1 3 5 4 3 5 2 1 1 1 7 3
  5. hard,
    (of a man, figurative) having an erect penis; erect
    Tags: figuratively Synonyms: bangun, ereksi, tegang
    Sense id: en-keras-id-adj-G69HA20z Categories (other): Pages with entries Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 30 0 2 3 30 18 2 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 4 0 3 1 0 1 0
  6. strong
    (of wind, figurative) having a lot of power
    Tags: figuratively Synonyms: cepat, kencang
    Sense id: en-keras-id-adj-VmgoV9df
  7. strong
    (of disease or symptom, figurative) very bad or intense; severe
    Tags: figuratively Synonyms: parah, payah
    Sense id: en-keras-id-adj-HshOwzXO
  8. strong
    (figurative) having an offensive or intense odor
    Tags: figuratively
    Sense id: en-keras-id-adj-~KwrIUer
  9. (material state) rigid; firm; stiff Tags: material
    Sense id: en-keras-id-adj-unLuL4sN Topics: state
  10. (of foods, figurative) difficult to cut or chew; tough Tags: figuratively Synonyms: kenyal, liat
    Sense id: en-keras-id-adj-1Z1zrJBR
  11. (figurative) likely to use physical force; violent Tags: figuratively Synonyms: kuat
    Sense id: en-keras-id-adj-MAaUSNoA
  12. (of a sound, figurative) of great intensity; loud Tags: figuratively Synonyms: kuat, nyaring
    Sense id: en-keras-id-adj-y-smon-K
  13. (of water current, figurative) moving with great speed; fast Tags: figuratively Synonyms: deras
    Sense id: en-keras-id-adj-Z2uLj1G~
  14. (of rainfall, figurative) very heavy Tags: figuratively
    Sense id: en-keras-id-adj-ki0Tyzh-
  15. (of opinion, figurative) fixed Tags: figuratively
    Sense id: en-keras-id-adj-mSqTRVxx
  16. (of price, figurative) with speed; in a rapid manner; rapidly Tags: figuratively
    Sense id: en-keras-id-adj-9KEA7mKZ
  17. (of cigarettes, figurative) likely cause dizziness Tags: figuratively Synonyms: berat
    Sense id: en-keras-id-adj-cdeU-OYe
  18. strong, strict and seriously
    Sense id: en-keras-id-adj-NBnW8noO
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Hyponyms: keras hati, keras kepala, keras kerak, keras lidah, keras mangkas, keras mulut, keras tulang
Derived forms: berkeras, berkeras-keras, berkeras-kerasan, bersikeras, kekerasan, keras-mengerasi, memperkeras, mengeras, mengerasi, mengeraskan, pengeras, pengerasan, perkerasan, terkeras
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "berkeras"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "berkeras-keras"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "berkeras-kerasan"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "bersikeras"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "kekerasan"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "keras-mengerasi"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "memperkeras"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "mengeras"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "mengerasi"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "mengeraskan"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "pengeras"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "pengerasan"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "perkerasan"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "terkeras"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "ms",
        "3": "keras"
      },
      "expansion": "Malay keras",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "ms-cla",
        "3": "keras"
      },
      "expansion": "Classical Malay keras",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "poz-pro",
        "3": "*kəʀas"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kəʀas",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Malay keras, from Classical Malay keras, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kəʀas.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kêras",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "head": "kêras"
      },
      "expansion": "kêras",
      "name": "id-adj"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "ke‧ras"
  ],
  "hyponyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "keras hati"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "keras kepala"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "keras kerak"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "keras lidah"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "keras mangkas"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "keras mulut"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "keras tulang"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Indonesian",
  "lang_code": "id",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "That bread is too hard to cut",
          "text": "Roti itu terlalu keras untuk dipotong.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hard,",
        "resistant to pressure"
      ],
      "id": "en-keras-id-adj-1G~hz9WM",
      "links": [
        [
          "hard",
          "hard"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "hard,",
        "(of material) resistant to pressure"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of material"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "kuat"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "gampang"
        },
        {
          "word": "mudah"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "He just realized how hard life is",
          "text": "Ia baru menyadari kerasnya kehidupan",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hard,",
        "demanding a lot of effort to endure"
      ],
      "id": "en-keras-id-adj-Kbg9LU4d",
      "links": [
        [
          "hard",
          "hard"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "hard,",
        "(figurative) demanding a lot of effort to endure"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "pelik"
        },
        {
          "word": "sulit"
        },
        {
          "word": "susah"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "lembut"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "harsh words",
          "text": "kata-kata keras",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hard,",
        "severe, harsh"
      ],
      "id": "en-keras-id-adj-GEja6PU2",
      "links": [
        [
          "hard",
          "hard"
        ],
        [
          "severe",
          "severe"
        ],
        [
          "harsh",
          "harsh"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "hard,",
        "(figurative) severe, harsh"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "30 0 2 3 30 18 2 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 4 0 3 1 0 1 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 5 7 35 22 2 1 3 4 3 2 4 2 0 0 1 5 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 8 12 23 14 3 1 3 5 4 3 5 2 1 1 1 7 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Indonesian terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Hard drugs.",
          "text": "Obat keras.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hard,",
        "having a high concentration of an essential or active ingredient; strong"
      ],
      "id": "en-keras-id-adj-wpzs942O",
      "links": [
        [
          "hard",
          "hard"
        ],
        [
          "strong",
          "strong"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "hard,",
        "(of drugs, figurative) having a high concentration of an essential or active ingredient; strong"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of drugs"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "lembek"
        },
        {
          "word": "loyo"
        },
        {
          "word": "tidur"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "30 0 2 3 30 18 2 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 4 0 3 1 0 1 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hard,",
        "having an erect penis; erect"
      ],
      "id": "en-keras-id-adj-G69HA20z",
      "links": [
        [
          "hard",
          "hard"
        ],
        [
          "erect",
          "erect"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "hard,",
        "(of a man, figurative) having an erect penis; erect"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of a man"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "bangun"
        },
        {
          "word": "ereksi"
        },
        {
          "word": "tegang"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "pelan"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "strong",
        "having a lot of power"
      ],
      "id": "en-keras-id-adj-VmgoV9df",
      "links": [
        [
          "strong",
          "strong"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "strong",
        "(of wind, figurative) having a lot of power"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of wind"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "cepat"
        },
        {
          "word": "kencang"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "ringan"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Ia sakit keras",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "strong",
        "very bad or intense; severe"
      ],
      "id": "en-keras-id-adj-HshOwzXO",
      "links": [
        [
          "strong",
          "strong"
        ],
        [
          "severe",
          "severe"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "strong",
        "(of disease or symptom, figurative) very bad or intense; severe"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of disease or symptom"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "parah"
        },
        {
          "word": "payah"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "strong",
        "having an offensive or intense odor"
      ],
      "id": "en-keras-id-adj-~KwrIUer",
      "links": [
        [
          "strong",
          "strong"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "strong",
        "(figurative) having an offensive or intense odor"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "lembut"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Ototnya sangat keras dan alot.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "rigid; firm; stiff"
      ],
      "id": "en-keras-id-adj-unLuL4sN",
      "links": [
        [
          "rigid",
          "rigid"
        ],
        [
          "firm",
          "firm"
        ],
        [
          "stiff",
          "stiff"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(material state) rigid; firm; stiff"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "material"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "state"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "difficult to cut or chew; tough"
      ],
      "id": "en-keras-id-adj-1Z1zrJBR",
      "links": [
        [
          "difficult",
          "difficult"
        ],
        [
          "cut",
          "cut"
        ],
        [
          "chew",
          "chew"
        ],
        [
          "tough",
          "tough"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of foods, figurative) difficult to cut or chew; tough"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of foods"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "kenyal"
        },
        {
          "word": "liat"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "pelan"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Ia menarik secara keras kedua tangan anaknya yang menangis meronta-ronta",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "likely to use physical force; violent"
      ],
      "id": "en-keras-id-adj-MAaUSNoA",
      "links": [
        [
          "physical",
          "physical"
        ],
        [
          "force",
          "force"
        ],
        [
          "violent",
          "violent"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figurative) likely to use physical force; violent"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "kuat"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "lembut"
        },
        {
          "word": "pelan"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Suaranya sangat keras sehingga menggangu orang lain.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "of great intensity; loud"
      ],
      "id": "en-keras-id-adj-y-smon-K",
      "links": [
        [
          "intensity",
          "intensity"
        ],
        [
          "loud",
          "loud"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of a sound, figurative) of great intensity; loud"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of a sound"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "kuat"
        },
        {
          "word": "nyaring"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "moving with great speed; fast"
      ],
      "id": "en-keras-id-adj-Z2uLj1G~",
      "links": [
        [
          "fast",
          "fast"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of water current, figurative) moving with great speed; fast"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of water current"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "deras"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "very heavy"
      ],
      "id": "en-keras-id-adj-ki0Tyzh-",
      "links": [
        [
          "heavy",
          "heavy"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of rainfall, figurative) very heavy"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of rainfall"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "fixed"
      ],
      "id": "en-keras-id-adj-mSqTRVxx",
      "links": [
        [
          "fixed",
          "fixed"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of opinion, figurative) fixed"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of opinion"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "with speed; in a rapid manner; rapidly"
      ],
      "id": "en-keras-id-adj-9KEA7mKZ",
      "links": [
        [
          "speed",
          "speed"
        ],
        [
          "rapid",
          "rapid"
        ],
        [
          "rapidly",
          "rapidly"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of price, figurative) with speed; in a rapid manner; rapidly"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of price"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "ringan"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "likely cause dizziness"
      ],
      "id": "en-keras-id-adj-cdeU-OYe",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of cigarettes, figurative) likely cause dizziness"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of cigarettes"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "berat"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "strong, strict and seriously"
      ],
      "id": "en-keras-id-adj-NBnW8noO"
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kəˈras/",
      "tags": [
        "Standard-Indonesian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kəˈras]",
      "tags": [
        "Standard-Indonesian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-as"
    }
  ],
  "word": "keras"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Indonesian 2-syllable words",
    "Indonesian adjectives",
    "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Indonesian lemmas",
    "Indonesian terms derived from Classical Malay",
    "Indonesian terms derived from Malay",
    "Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
    "Indonesian terms inherited from Classical Malay",
    "Indonesian terms inherited from Malay",
    "Indonesian terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
    "Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Indonesian terms with redundant script codes",
    "Pages with 4 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:Indonesian/as",
    "Rhymes:Indonesian/as/2 syllables"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "berkeras"
    },
    {
      "word": "berkeras-keras"
    },
    {
      "word": "berkeras-kerasan"
    },
    {
      "word": "bersikeras"
    },
    {
      "word": "kekerasan"
    },
    {
      "word": "keras-mengerasi"
    },
    {
      "word": "memperkeras"
    },
    {
      "word": "mengeras"
    },
    {
      "word": "mengerasi"
    },
    {
      "word": "mengeraskan"
    },
    {
      "word": "pengeras"
    },
    {
      "word": "pengerasan"
    },
    {
      "word": "perkerasan"
    },
    {
      "word": "terkeras"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "ms",
        "3": "keras"
      },
      "expansion": "Malay keras",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "ms-cla",
        "3": "keras"
      },
      "expansion": "Classical Malay keras",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "poz-pro",
        "3": "*kəʀas"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kəʀas",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Malay keras, from Classical Malay keras, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kəʀas.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kêras",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "head": "kêras"
      },
      "expansion": "kêras",
      "name": "id-adj"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "ke‧ras"
  ],
  "hyponyms": [
    {
      "word": "keras hati"
    },
    {
      "word": "keras kepala"
    },
    {
      "word": "keras kerak"
    },
    {
      "word": "keras lidah"
    },
    {
      "word": "keras mangkas"
    },
    {
      "word": "keras mulut"
    },
    {
      "word": "keras tulang"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Indonesian",
  "lang_code": "id",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Indonesian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "That bread is too hard to cut",
          "text": "Roti itu terlalu keras untuk dipotong.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hard,",
        "resistant to pressure"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hard",
          "hard"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "hard,",
        "(of material) resistant to pressure"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of material"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "kuat"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "gampang"
        },
        {
          "word": "mudah"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Indonesian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "He just realized how hard life is",
          "text": "Ia baru menyadari kerasnya kehidupan",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hard,",
        "demanding a lot of effort to endure"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hard",
          "hard"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "hard,",
        "(figurative) demanding a lot of effort to endure"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "pelik"
        },
        {
          "word": "sulit"
        },
        {
          "word": "susah"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "lembut"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Indonesian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "harsh words",
          "text": "kata-kata keras",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hard,",
        "severe, harsh"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hard",
          "hard"
        ],
        [
          "severe",
          "severe"
        ],
        [
          "harsh",
          "harsh"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "hard,",
        "(figurative) severe, harsh"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Indonesian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Hard drugs.",
          "text": "Obat keras.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hard,",
        "having a high concentration of an essential or active ingredient; strong"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hard",
          "hard"
        ],
        [
          "strong",
          "strong"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "hard,",
        "(of drugs, figurative) having a high concentration of an essential or active ingredient; strong"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of drugs"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "lembek"
        },
        {
          "word": "loyo"
        },
        {
          "word": "tidur"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hard,",
        "having an erect penis; erect"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hard",
          "hard"
        ],
        [
          "erect",
          "erect"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "hard,",
        "(of a man, figurative) having an erect penis; erect"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of a man"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "bangun"
        },
        {
          "word": "ereksi"
        },
        {
          "word": "tegang"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "pelan"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "strong",
        "having a lot of power"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "strong",
          "strong"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "strong",
        "(of wind, figurative) having a lot of power"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of wind"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "cepat"
        },
        {
          "word": "kencang"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "ringan"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Indonesian terms with usage examples",
        "Requests for translations of Indonesian usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Ia sakit keras",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "strong",
        "very bad or intense; severe"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "strong",
          "strong"
        ],
        [
          "severe",
          "severe"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "strong",
        "(of disease or symptom, figurative) very bad or intense; severe"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of disease or symptom"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "parah"
        },
        {
          "word": "payah"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "strong",
        "having an offensive or intense odor"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "strong",
          "strong"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "strong",
        "(figurative) having an offensive or intense odor"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "lembut"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Indonesian terms with usage examples",
        "Requests for translations of Indonesian usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Ototnya sangat keras dan alot.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "rigid; firm; stiff"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "rigid",
          "rigid"
        ],
        [
          "firm",
          "firm"
        ],
        [
          "stiff",
          "stiff"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(material state) rigid; firm; stiff"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "material"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "state"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "difficult to cut or chew; tough"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "difficult",
          "difficult"
        ],
        [
          "cut",
          "cut"
        ],
        [
          "chew",
          "chew"
        ],
        [
          "tough",
          "tough"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of foods, figurative) difficult to cut or chew; tough"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of foods"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "kenyal"
        },
        {
          "word": "liat"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "pelan"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Indonesian terms with usage examples",
        "Requests for translations of Indonesian usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Ia menarik secara keras kedua tangan anaknya yang menangis meronta-ronta",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "likely to use physical force; violent"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "physical",
          "physical"
        ],
        [
          "force",
          "force"
        ],
        [
          "violent",
          "violent"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figurative) likely to use physical force; violent"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "kuat"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "lembut"
        },
        {
          "word": "pelan"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Indonesian terms with usage examples",
        "Requests for translations of Indonesian usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Suaranya sangat keras sehingga menggangu orang lain.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "of great intensity; loud"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "intensity",
          "intensity"
        ],
        [
          "loud",
          "loud"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of a sound, figurative) of great intensity; loud"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of a sound"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "kuat"
        },
        {
          "word": "nyaring"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "moving with great speed; fast"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fast",
          "fast"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of water current, figurative) moving with great speed; fast"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of water current"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "deras"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "very heavy"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "heavy",
          "heavy"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of rainfall, figurative) very heavy"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of rainfall"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "fixed"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fixed",
          "fixed"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of opinion, figurative) fixed"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of opinion"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "with speed; in a rapid manner; rapidly"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "speed",
          "speed"
        ],
        [
          "rapid",
          "rapid"
        ],
        [
          "rapidly",
          "rapidly"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of price, figurative) with speed; in a rapid manner; rapidly"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of price"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "ringan"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "likely cause dizziness"
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of cigarettes, figurative) likely cause dizziness"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of cigarettes"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "berat"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "strong, strict and seriously"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kəˈras/",
      "tags": [
        "Standard-Indonesian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kəˈras]",
      "tags": [
        "Standard-Indonesian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-as"
    }
  ],
  "word": "keras"
}

Download raw JSONL data for keras meaning in Indonesian (8.0kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Indonesian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-21 using wiktextract (fef8596 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.