See -an in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for -an meaning in Indonesian (8.9kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "ms",
"3": "-an"
},
"expansion": "Malay -an",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "ms-cla",
"3": "-ان",
"tr": "an"
},
"expansion": "Classical Malay -ان (an)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "poz-mly-pro",
"3": "*-an"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayic *-an",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*-an"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *-an",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "map-pro",
"3": "*-an"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *-an",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Malay -an, from Classical Malay -ان (an), from Proto-Malayic *-an, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *-an, from Proto-Austronesian *-an.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-an",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "laut (“sea”) + -an → lautan (“ocean”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to a noun",
"Suffix for collectivity"
],
"id": "en--an-id-suffix-~r-u76im",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "pangkal (“origin”) + -an → pangkalan (“base”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to a noun",
"Suffix for place"
],
"id": "en--an-id-suffix-g782K8c2",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ribu (“thousand”) + -an → ribuan",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to a noun",
"Suffix for value"
],
"id": "en--an-id-suffix-zx0L5YeK",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "kilo (“kilo”) + -an → kiloan",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to a noun",
"Suffix for measurement result; -s"
],
"id": "en--an-id-suffix-xpARe9Gc",
"links": [
[
"-s",
"-s"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ratus (“hundred”) + -an → ratusan (“hundreds”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to a noun",
"-s; Suffix for quantity (about value)"
],
"id": "en--an-id-suffix-hJy2axIT",
"links": [
[
"-s",
"-s"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Added to a noun",
"(colloquial) -s; Suffix for quantity (about value)"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 6 6 6 6 17 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 1 1 5 1 1 1 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "hari (“day”) + -an → harian (“daily”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to a noun",
"-ly, specifying time intervals, having the sense of \"occurring at such intervals\"."
],
"id": "en--an-id-suffix-Ir7MQLAY",
"links": [
[
"-ly",
"-ly"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "makan (“to eat”) + -an → makanan (“food”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to an verb to create an noun",
"Suffix for object"
],
"id": "en--an-id-suffix-0-9r6NIa",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "kubur (“to bury”) + -an → kuburan (“grave”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to an verb to create an noun",
"Suffix for place"
],
"id": "en--an-id-suffix-loxSbT0q",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "didik (“to educate”) + -an → didikan",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to an verb to create an noun",
"Suffix for result"
],
"id": "en--an-id-suffix-Dq30X7Xd",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "timbang (“to weigh”) + -an → timbangan (“balance”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to an verb to create an noun",
"Suffix for tool"
],
"id": "en--an-id-suffix-EjaARPGI",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "pimpin (“to lead”) + -an → pimpinan (“leader”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to an verb to create an noun",
"Suffix for way or method"
],
"id": "en--an-id-suffix-CZMJydax",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "asin (“salty”) + -an → asinan (“pickle”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to an adjective to create an noun",
"Suffix for having property"
],
"id": "en--an-id-suffix-JEPIcniu",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "tinggi (“high”) + -an → tinggian (“higher”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to an adjective to create an noun",
"Suffix for intensity (quality or quantity)"
],
"id": "en--an-id-suffix-E-5lY8UL",
"raw_glosses": [
"Added to an adjective to create an noun",
"(colloquial) Suffix for intensity (quality or quantity)"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Suffix for similarity"
],
"id": "en--an-id-suffix-BbexznZr",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[-an]"
}
],
"word": "-an"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "jv",
"3": "-ꦲꦤ꧀"
},
"expansion": "Semantic loan from Javanese -ꦲꦤ꧀ (-an)",
"name": "sl"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Semantic loan from Javanese -ꦲꦤ꧀ (-an).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-an",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "sepeda (“bicycle”) + -an → sepedaan (“to ride a bicycle”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"verb-forming",
"to use of [base]",
"to use of"
],
"id": "en--an-id-suffix-Nu88Bvs0",
"links": [
[
"use",
"use"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"verb-forming",
"(colloquial) to use of [base]"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "selamat (“safe”) + -an → selamatan (“to celebrate with offerings to the spirits to assure the safety”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "rujak (“a kind of salad”) + -an → rujakan (“to have rujak to be eaten or made”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"verb-forming",
"to hold or to have [base]",
"to hold or to have"
],
"id": "en--an-id-suffix-m26tL9mb",
"links": [
[
"hold",
"hold"
],
[
"have",
"have"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"verb-forming",
"(colloquial) to hold or to have [base]"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "sendiri (“alone”) + -an → sendirian (“by oneself”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"verb-forming",
"to do as indicated by the [base]",
"to do as indicated by the"
],
"id": "en--an-id-suffix-QsWs~OkW",
"links": [
[
"do",
"do"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"verb-forming",
"(colloquial) to do as indicated by the [base]"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "sekolah (“school”) + -an → sekolahan (“school complex”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"noun-forming",
"the location of [base]",
"the location of"
],
"id": "en--an-id-suffix-Hvs5mStX",
"raw_glosses": [
"noun-forming",
"(colloquial) the location of [base]"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "becak (“rickshaw”) + -an → becakan (“rickshaw fare”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"noun-forming",
"the cost of [base]",
"the cost of"
],
"id": "en--an-id-suffix-YLIyItJ6",
"raw_glosses": [
"noun-forming",
"(colloquial) the cost of [base]"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "sepeda (“bicycle”) + -an → sepedaan (“bicycle-riding”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"noun-forming",
"[base]-usage"
],
"id": "en--an-id-suffix-kaMtATM5",
"links": [
[
"usage",
"usage"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"noun-forming",
"(colloquial) [base]-usage"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "selamat (“safe”) + -an → selamatan (“celebration with offerings to the spirits to assure the safety”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "rujak (“a kind of salad”) + -an → rujakan (“rujak eating or production”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "susu (“milk”) + -an → susuan (“breast-feeding period”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"noun-forming",
"event of [base]",
"event of"
],
"id": "en--an-id-suffix-v0dmmf7q",
"raw_glosses": [
"noun-forming",
"(colloquial) event of [base]"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[-an]"
}
],
"word": "-an"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "jv",
"3": "-ꦲꦼꦤ꧀"
},
"expansion": "Semantic loan from Javanese -ꦲꦼꦤ꧀ (-en)",
"name": "sl"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Semantic loan from Javanese -ꦲꦼꦤ꧀ (-en).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-an",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ber- -an"
},
{
"word": "ke- -an"
},
{
"word": "peng- -an"
},
{
"word": "per- -an"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "koreng (“ulcer”) + -an → korengan (“serious infection disease”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "uban (“grey hair”) + -an → ubanan (“grey haired condition”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"suffering of [base]",
"suffering of"
],
"id": "en--an-id-suffix-1ZWHDZrt",
"links": [
[
"suffering",
"suffering"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) suffering of [base]"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[-an]"
}
],
"word": "-an"
}
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Indonesian lemmas",
"Indonesian noun-forming suffixes",
"Indonesian semantic loans from Javanese",
"Indonesian suffixes",
"Indonesian terms derived from Classical Malay",
"Indonesian terms derived from Javanese",
"Indonesian terms derived from Malay",
"Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Austronesian",
"Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Malayic",
"Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Indonesian terms inherited from Classical Malay",
"Indonesian terms inherited from Malay",
"Indonesian terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian",
"Indonesian terms inherited from Proto-Malayic",
"Indonesian terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "ms",
"3": "-an"
},
"expansion": "Malay -an",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "ms-cla",
"3": "-ان",
"tr": "an"
},
"expansion": "Classical Malay -ان (an)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "poz-mly-pro",
"3": "*-an"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayic *-an",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*-an"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *-an",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "map-pro",
"3": "*-an"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *-an",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Malay -an, from Classical Malay -ان (an), from Proto-Malayic *-an, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *-an, from Proto-Austronesian *-an.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-an",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "laut (“sea”) + -an → lautan (“ocean”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to a noun",
"Suffix for collectivity"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "pangkal (“origin”) + -an → pangkalan (“base”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to a noun",
"Suffix for place"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ribu (“thousand”) + -an → ribuan",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to a noun",
"Suffix for value"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "kilo (“kilo”) + -an → kiloan",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to a noun",
"Suffix for measurement result; -s"
],
"links": [
[
"-s",
"-s"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian colloquialisms"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ratus (“hundred”) + -an → ratusan (“hundreds”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to a noun",
"-s; Suffix for quantity (about value)"
],
"links": [
[
"-s",
"-s"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Added to a noun",
"(colloquial) -s; Suffix for quantity (about value)"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "hari (“day”) + -an → harian (“daily”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to a noun",
"-ly, specifying time intervals, having the sense of \"occurring at such intervals\"."
],
"links": [
[
"-ly",
"-ly"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "makan (“to eat”) + -an → makanan (“food”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to an verb to create an noun",
"Suffix for object"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "kubur (“to bury”) + -an → kuburan (“grave”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to an verb to create an noun",
"Suffix for place"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "didik (“to educate”) + -an → didikan",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to an verb to create an noun",
"Suffix for result"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "timbang (“to weigh”) + -an → timbangan (“balance”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to an verb to create an noun",
"Suffix for tool"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "pimpin (“to lead”) + -an → pimpinan (“leader”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to an verb to create an noun",
"Suffix for way or method"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "asin (“salty”) + -an → asinan (“pickle”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to an adjective to create an noun",
"Suffix for having property"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian colloquialisms"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "tinggi (“high”) + -an → tinggian (“higher”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to an adjective to create an noun",
"Suffix for intensity (quality or quantity)"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Added to an adjective to create an noun",
"(colloquial) Suffix for intensity (quality or quantity)"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Suffix for similarity"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[-an]"
}
],
"word": "-an"
}
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Indonesian lemmas",
"Indonesian noun-forming suffixes",
"Indonesian semantic loans from Javanese",
"Indonesian suffixes",
"Indonesian terms derived from Javanese",
"Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "jv",
"3": "-ꦲꦤ꧀"
},
"expansion": "Semantic loan from Javanese -ꦲꦤ꧀ (-an)",
"name": "sl"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Semantic loan from Javanese -ꦲꦤ꧀ (-an).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-an",
"name": "head"
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],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian colloquialisms"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "sepeda (“bicycle”) + -an → sepedaan (“to ride a bicycle”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"verb-forming",
"to use of [base]",
"to use of"
],
"links": [
[
"use",
"use"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"verb-forming",
"(colloquial) to use of [base]"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian colloquialisms"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "selamat (“safe”) + -an → selamatan (“to celebrate with offerings to the spirits to assure the safety”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "rujak (“a kind of salad”) + -an → rujakan (“to have rujak to be eaten or made”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"verb-forming",
"to hold or to have [base]",
"to hold or to have"
],
"links": [
[
"hold",
"hold"
],
[
"have",
"have"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"verb-forming",
"(colloquial) to hold or to have [base]"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian colloquialisms"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "sendiri (“alone”) + -an → sendirian (“by oneself”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"verb-forming",
"to do as indicated by the [base]",
"to do as indicated by the"
],
"links": [
[
"do",
"do"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"verb-forming",
"(colloquial) to do as indicated by the [base]"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian colloquialisms"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "sekolah (“school”) + -an → sekolahan (“school complex”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"noun-forming",
"the location of [base]",
"the location of"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"noun-forming",
"(colloquial) the location of [base]"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian colloquialisms"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "becak (“rickshaw”) + -an → becakan (“rickshaw fare”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"noun-forming",
"the cost of [base]",
"the cost of"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"noun-forming",
"(colloquial) the cost of [base]"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian colloquialisms"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "sepeda (“bicycle”) + -an → sepedaan (“bicycle-riding”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"noun-forming",
"[base]-usage"
],
"links": [
[
"usage",
"usage"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"noun-forming",
"(colloquial) [base]-usage"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian colloquialisms"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "selamat (“safe”) + -an → selamatan (“celebration with offerings to the spirits to assure the safety”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "rujak (“a kind of salad”) + -an → rujakan (“rujak eating or production”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "susu (“milk”) + -an → susuan (“breast-feeding period”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"noun-forming",
"event of [base]",
"event of"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"noun-forming",
"(colloquial) event of [base]"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[-an]"
}
],
"word": "-an"
}
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Indonesian lemmas",
"Indonesian noun-forming suffixes",
"Indonesian semantic loans from Javanese",
"Indonesian suffixes",
"Indonesian terms derived from Javanese",
"Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ber- -an"
},
{
"word": "ke- -an"
},
{
"word": "peng- -an"
},
{
"word": "per- -an"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "jv",
"3": "-ꦲꦼꦤ꧀"
},
"expansion": "Semantic loan from Javanese -ꦲꦼꦤ꧀ (-en)",
"name": "sl"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Semantic loan from Javanese -ꦲꦼꦤ꧀ (-en).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-an",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian colloquialisms"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "koreng (“ulcer”) + -an → korengan (“serious infection disease”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "uban (“grey hair”) + -an → ubanan (“grey haired condition”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"suffering of [base]",
"suffering of"
],
"links": [
[
"suffering",
"suffering"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) suffering of [base]"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[-an]"
}
],
"word": "-an"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Indonesian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.