See mál in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "barnamál"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gælumál"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "áhugamál"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "forritunarmál"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ritmál"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "smalamál"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "tungumál"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "fara ekki á milli mála"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"sense": "ekkert mál",
"word": "ekkert mál fyrir Jón Pál"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "non",
"3": "mál",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Norse mál",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "non",
"3": "mál"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Norse mál",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*maþlą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *maþlą",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Norse mál, from Proto-Germanic *maþlą.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "máls",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mál",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "neuter",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "is-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "mál",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "málið",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mál",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "málin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mál",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "málið",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mál",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "málin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "máli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "málinu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "málum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "málunum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "máls",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "málsins",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mála",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "málanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "@@:speech"
},
"expansion": "mál n (genitive singular máls, nominative plural mál)",
"name": "is-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"id": "speech"
},
"name": "is-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mæla"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "40 0 11 6 1 19 1 6 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"language"
],
"id": "en-mál-is-noun-pO8wS6Qq",
"links": [
[
"language",
"language"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "tunga"
},
{
"word": "tungumál"
},
{
"word": "sprok"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"speech"
],
"id": "en-mál-is-noun-BfthetVD",
"links": [
[
"speech",
"speech"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "málfar"
},
{
"word": "tungutak"
},
{
"word": "mæli"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"matter, affair"
],
"id": "en-mál-is-noun-eLexKACB",
"links": [
[
"matter",
"matter"
],
[
"affair",
"affair"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "is",
"name": "Law",
"orig": "is:Law",
"parents": [
"Justice",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cause"
],
"id": "en-mál-is-noun-an7x7Z8V",
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"cause",
"cause"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(law) cause"
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"a big deal"
],
"id": "en-mál-is-noun-Ny12XMZr",
"links": [
[
"big deal",
"big deal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) a big deal"
],
"tags": [
"informal",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/mauːl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-auːl"
}
],
"word": "mál"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "taka mál"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "taka mál af"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "mál til komið"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "vera mál"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "milli mála"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "flatarmál"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "non",
"3": "mál",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Norse mál",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "non",
"3": "mál"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Norse mál",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*mēlą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *mēlą",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "meal"
},
"expansion": "English meal",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Norse mál, from Proto-Germanic *mēlą, whence also English meal. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European root *meh₁- (“to measure”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "máls",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mál",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "neuter",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "is-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "mál",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "málið",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mál",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "málin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mál",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "málið",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mál",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "málin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "máli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "málinu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "málum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "málunum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "máls",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "málsins",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mála",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "málanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "@@:size"
},
"expansion": "mál n (genitive singular máls, nominative plural mál)",
"name": "is-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"id": "size"
},
"name": "is-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mæla"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"measurements, size, dimensions"
],
"id": "en-mál-is-noun-lj~cGCa5",
"links": [
[
"measurements",
"measurements"
],
[
"size",
"size"
],
[
"dimensions",
"dimensions"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "mæling"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a system of measurement"
],
"id": "en-mál-is-noun-XF6YXtCv",
"links": [
[
"system",
"system"
],
[
"measurement",
"measurement"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "mælikerfi"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Isn't it time to go?",
"text": "Er ekki mál að fara?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the appropriate time for something"
],
"id": "en-mál-is-noun-hnHCWdOu",
"links": [
[
"time",
"time"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a meal, mealtime"
],
"id": "en-mál-is-noun-IjaS3m-m",
"links": [
[
"meal",
"meal"
],
[
"mealtime",
"mealtime"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "máltíð"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/mauːl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-auːl"
}
],
"word": "mál"
}
{
"categories": [
"Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"Icelandic lemmas",
"Icelandic neuter nouns",
"Icelandic nouns",
"Icelandic terms derived from Old Norse",
"Icelandic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Icelandic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Icelandic terms inherited from Old Norse",
"Icelandic terms with redundant head parameter",
"Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Norse lemmas",
"Old Norse neuter nouns",
"Old Norse nouns",
"Old Norse terms derived from Germanic languages",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Icelandic/auːl",
"Rhymes:Icelandic/auːl/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "barnamál"
},
{
"sense": "ekkert mál",
"word": "ekkert mál fyrir Jón Pál"
},
{
"word": "gælumál"
},
{
"word": "áhugamál"
},
{
"word": "forritunarmál"
},
{
"word": "ritmál"
},
{
"word": "smalamál"
},
{
"word": "tungumál"
},
{
"word": "fara ekki á milli mála"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "non",
"3": "mál",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Norse mál",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "non",
"3": "mál"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Norse mál",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*maþlą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *maþlą",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Norse mál, from Proto-Germanic *maþlą.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "máls",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mál",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "neuter",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "is-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "mál",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "málið",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mál",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "málin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mál",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "málið",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mál",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "málin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "máli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "málinu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "málum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "málunum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "máls",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "málsins",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mála",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "málanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "@@:speech"
},
"expansion": "mál n (genitive singular máls, nominative plural mál)",
"name": "is-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"id": "speech"
},
"name": "is-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "mæla"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"language"
],
"links": [
[
"language",
"language"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "tunga"
},
{
"word": "tungumál"
},
{
"word": "sprok"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"speech"
],
"links": [
[
"speech",
"speech"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "málfar"
},
{
"word": "tungutak"
},
{
"word": "mæli"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"matter, affair"
],
"links": [
[
"matter",
"matter"
],
[
"affair",
"affair"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"is:Law"
],
"glosses": [
"cause"
],
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"cause",
"cause"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(law) cause"
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Icelandic informal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"a big deal"
],
"links": [
[
"big deal",
"big deal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) a big deal"
],
"tags": [
"informal",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/mauːl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-auːl"
}
],
"word": "mál"
}
{
"categories": [
"Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"Icelandic lemmas",
"Icelandic neuter nouns",
"Icelandic nouns",
"Icelandic terms derived from Old Norse",
"Icelandic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Icelandic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Icelandic terms inherited from Old Norse",
"Icelandic terms with redundant head parameter",
"Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Norse lemmas",
"Old Norse neuter nouns",
"Old Norse nouns",
"Old Norse terms derived from Germanic languages",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Icelandic/auːl",
"Rhymes:Icelandic/auːl/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "taka mál"
},
{
"word": "taka mál af"
},
{
"word": "mál til komið"
},
{
"word": "vera mál"
},
{
"word": "milli mála"
},
{
"word": "flatarmál"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "non",
"3": "mál",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Norse mál",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "non",
"3": "mál"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Norse mál",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*mēlą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *mēlą",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "meal"
},
"expansion": "English meal",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Norse mál, from Proto-Germanic *mēlą, whence also English meal. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European root *meh₁- (“to measure”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "máls",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mál",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "neuter",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "is-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "mál",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "málið",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mál",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "málin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mál",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "málið",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mál",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "málin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "máli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "málinu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "málum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "málunum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "máls",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "málsins",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mála",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "málanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "@@:size"
},
"expansion": "mál n (genitive singular máls, nominative plural mál)",
"name": "is-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"id": "size"
},
"name": "is-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "mæla"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"measurements, size, dimensions"
],
"links": [
[
"measurements",
"measurements"
],
[
"size",
"size"
],
[
"dimensions",
"dimensions"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "mæling"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a system of measurement"
],
"links": [
[
"system",
"system"
],
[
"measurement",
"measurement"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "mælikerfi"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Icelandic terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Isn't it time to go?",
"text": "Er ekki mál að fara?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the appropriate time for something"
],
"links": [
[
"time",
"time"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a meal, mealtime"
],
"links": [
[
"meal",
"meal"
],
[
"mealtime",
"mealtime"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "máltíð"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/mauːl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-auːl"
}
],
"word": "mál"
}
Download raw JSONL data for mál meaning in Icelandic (9.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Icelandic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (c15a5ce and 5c11237). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.