See stemmen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "aufstemmen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "durchstemmen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "emporstemmen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "herausstemmen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hochstemmen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stemmbar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Stemmbogen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Stemmeisen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Stemmmeißel"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*stammijaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *stammijaną",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "stemma",
"t": "to halt, to dam"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse stemma (“to halt, to dam”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "stämma",
"t": "to block"
},
"expansion": "Swedish stämma (“to block”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gistemen",
"t": "to restrain"
},
"expansion": "Old English gistemen (“to restrain”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "stem"
},
"expansion": "English stem",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "stammer"
},
"expansion": "English stammer",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *stammijaną. Compare Old Norse stemma (“to halt, to dam”), Swedish stämma (“to block”), Old English gistemen (“to restrain”), English stem and English stammer.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "stemmt",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmte",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "gestemmt",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "haben",
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "de-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "haben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmend",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "stemme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "stemme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-i"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-i"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-i"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmet",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-i"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stemme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-i",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-i",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"formal",
"rare",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-ii"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"formal",
"plural",
"rare",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-ii"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmtest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmtet",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmtest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"rare",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-ii"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmtet",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"plural",
"rare",
"second-person",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-ii"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"rare",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-ii",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"plural",
"rare",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-ii",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stemm",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stemme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "de-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "haben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"form": "habe gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "haben gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "habe gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "haben gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hast gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "habt gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "habest gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "habet gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hat gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "haben gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "habe gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "haben gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hatte gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hatten gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hätte gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hätten gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hattest gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hattet gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hättest gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hättet gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hatte gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hatten gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hätte gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hätten gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmen werden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-i",
"infinitive",
"multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "werde stemmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"future-i",
"multiword-construction",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-i"
]
},
{
"form": "werden stemmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"future-i",
"multiword-construction",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-i"
]
},
{
"form": "werdest stemmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-i",
"multiword-construction",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-i"
]
},
{
"form": "werdet stemmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-i",
"multiword-construction",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-i"
]
},
{
"form": "werde stemmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-i",
"multiword-construction",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-i",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "werden stemmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-i",
"multiword-construction",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-i",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "werde stemmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"future-i",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "werden stemmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"future-i",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "würde stemmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"future-i",
"multiword-construction",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-ii"
]
},
{
"form": "würden stemmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"future-i",
"multiword-construction",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-ii"
]
},
{
"form": "wirst stemmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-i",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "werdet stemmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-i",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "würdest stemmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-i",
"multiword-construction",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-ii"
]
},
{
"form": "würdet stemmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-i",
"multiword-construction",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-ii"
]
},
{
"form": "wird stemmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-i",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "werden stemmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-i",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "würde stemmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-i",
"multiword-construction",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-ii",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "würden stemmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-i",
"multiword-construction",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-ii",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gestemmt haben werden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-ii",
"infinitive",
"multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "werde gestemmt haben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"future-ii",
"multiword-construction",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-i"
]
},
{
"form": "werden gestemmt haben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"future-ii",
"multiword-construction",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-i"
]
},
{
"form": "werdest gestemmt haben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-ii",
"multiword-construction",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-i"
]
},
{
"form": "werdet gestemmt haben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-ii",
"multiword-construction",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-i"
]
},
{
"form": "werde gestemmt haben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-ii",
"multiword-construction",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-i",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "werden gestemmt haben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-ii",
"multiword-construction",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-i",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "werde gestemmt haben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"future-ii",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "werden gestemmt haben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"future-ii",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "würde gestemmt haben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"future-ii",
"multiword-construction",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-ii"
]
},
{
"form": "würden gestemmt haben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"future-ii",
"multiword-construction",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-ii"
]
},
{
"form": "wirst gestemmt haben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-ii",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "werdet gestemmt haben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-ii",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "würdest gestemmt haben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-ii",
"multiword-construction",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-ii"
]
},
{
"form": "würdet gestemmt haben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-ii",
"multiword-construction",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-ii"
]
},
{
"form": "wird gestemmt haben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-ii",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "werden gestemmt haben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-ii",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "würde gestemmt haben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-ii",
"multiword-construction",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-ii",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "würden gestemmt haben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-ii",
"multiword-construction",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-ii",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "stemmen (weak, third-person singular present stemmt, past tense stemmte, past participle gestemmt, auxiliary haben)",
"name": "de-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "transitive"
},
"expansion": "(transitive)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "de-conj"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to heave, to lift (a heavy load, weights, oneself)"
],
"id": "en-stemmen-de-verb-QncXilEt",
"links": [
[
"heave",
"heave"
],
[
"lift",
"lift"
]
],
"tags": [
"transitive",
"weak"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "German terms with collocations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
3,
6
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
24,
31
]
],
"english": "to put one's arms against one's hips",
"text": "die Hände in die Hüften stemmen",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to brace, to press (a body part against a firm surface)"
],
"id": "en-stemmen-de-verb-bJ1mj0Pg",
"links": [
[
"brace",
"brace"
],
[
"press",
"press"
]
],
"tags": [
"transitive",
"weak"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
3,
9
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
10
]
],
"english": "He braced himself against the crowd.",
"text": "Er stemmte sich gegen die Menschenmenge.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to push, to brace oneself (against an obstacle or opposing force)"
],
"id": "en-stemmen-de-verb-fCnBWaQ8",
"links": [
[
"push",
"push"
],
[
"brace",
"brace"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive) to push, to brace oneself (against an obstacle or opposing force)"
],
"tags": [
"reflexive",
"transitive",
"weak"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 11 8 8 8 3 7 8 6 11 8 7 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 11 8 8 8 3 7 8 6 11 8 7 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 13 9 23 14 13 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
113,
125
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
79,
85
]
],
"english": "But exactly this, namely a return of the currently suspended compulsory military draft, is what his own party is pushing back against.",
"ref": "2025 April 11, Felix Hackenbruch, “Schwarz-Rot zunächst gegen Pflicht: Reicht der freiwillige Wehrdienst aus?”, in Tagesspiegel, archived from the original on 2025-04-12:",
"text": "Genau dagegen, also eine Rückkehr der derzeit ausgesetzten harten Wehrpflicht, stemmt sich jedoch seine eigene Partei.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to push, to brace oneself (against an obstacle or opposing force)",
"to push back against, to try to resist (an undesirable policy, development, or trend)"
],
"id": "en-stemmen-de-verb-c3waq43C",
"links": [
[
"push",
"push"
],
[
"brace",
"brace"
],
[
"push back",
"push back"
],
[
"try",
"try"
],
[
"resist",
"resist"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive) to push, to brace oneself (against an obstacle or opposing force)",
"(figurative) to push back against, to try to resist (an undesirable policy, development, or trend)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "widersetzen"
},
{
"word": "Widerstand leisten"
},
{
"word": "sträuben"
}
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"reflexive",
"transitive",
"weak"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 14 10 17 26 11 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "German verbs using haben as auxiliary",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
3,
6
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
21,
28
]
],
"english": "to pry tiles off the wall",
"text": "Fliesen von der Wand stemmen",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to pry (something out of an affixed position with e.g. a chisel or crowbar)"
],
"id": "en-stemmen-de-verb-2PprJZ3x",
"links": [
[
"pry",
"pry"
]
],
"tags": [
"transitive",
"weak"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to manage to handle, to get done (a heavy workload, a difficult project)"
],
"id": "en-stemmen-de-verb-KYIj65H-",
"links": [
[
"manage",
"manage"
],
[
"handle",
"handle"
],
[
"get",
"get"
],
[
"done",
"done"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) to manage to handle, to get done (a heavy workload, a difficult project)"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"transitive",
"weak"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
91,
97
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
83,
90
]
],
"english": "The regulations would result in additional costs. Some trade partners would not be able to afford them, experts fear.",
"ref": "2024 July 12, “EU: Neue Plastikgesetze könnten Import von Schnittblumen aus Kenia beeinträchtigen”, in Der Spiegel, →ISSN:",
"text": "Die Vorschriften führten zu Extrakosten. Diese könnten manche Handelspartner nicht stemmen, befürchten Experten.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to manage to handle, to get done (a heavy workload, a difficult project)",
"to afford, to manage to pay (a significant cost or financial investment)"
],
"id": "en-stemmen-de-verb-NfXVExy5",
"links": [
[
"manage",
"manage"
],
[
"handle",
"handle"
],
[
"get",
"get"
],
[
"done",
"done"
],
[
"afford",
"afford"
],
[
"pay",
"pay"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) to manage to handle, to get done (a heavy workload, a difficult project)",
"to afford, to manage to pay (a significant cost or financial investment)"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"transitive",
"weak"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃtɛmən/"
},
{
"audio": "De-stemmen.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/db/De-stemmen.ogg/De-stemmen.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/db/De-stemmen.ogg"
}
],
"word": "stemmen"
}
{
"categories": [
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German lemmas",
"German terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"German transitive verbs",
"German verbs",
"German verbs using haben as auxiliary",
"German weak verbs",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "aufstemmen"
},
{
"word": "durchstemmen"
},
{
"word": "emporstemmen"
},
{
"word": "herausstemmen"
},
{
"word": "hochstemmen"
},
{
"word": "stemmbar"
},
{
"word": "Stemmbogen"
},
{
"word": "Stemmeisen"
},
{
"word": "Stemmmeißel"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*stammijaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *stammijaną",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "stemma",
"t": "to halt, to dam"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse stemma (“to halt, to dam”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "stämma",
"t": "to block"
},
"expansion": "Swedish stämma (“to block”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gistemen",
"t": "to restrain"
},
"expansion": "Old English gistemen (“to restrain”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "stem"
},
"expansion": "English stem",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "stammer"
},
"expansion": "English stammer",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *stammijaną. Compare Old Norse stemma (“to halt, to dam”), Swedish stämma (“to block”), Old English gistemen (“to restrain”), English stem and English stammer.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "stemmt",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmte",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "gestemmt",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "haben",
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "de-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "haben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmend",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "stemme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "stemme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-i"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-i"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-i"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmet",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-i"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stemme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-i",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-i",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"formal",
"rare",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-ii"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"formal",
"plural",
"rare",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-ii"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmtest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmtet",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmtest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"rare",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-ii"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmtet",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"plural",
"rare",
"second-person",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-ii"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"rare",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-ii",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"plural",
"rare",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-ii",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stemm",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stemme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "de-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "haben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"form": "habe gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "haben gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "habe gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "haben gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hast gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "habt gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "habest gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "habet gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hat gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "haben gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "habe gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "haben gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hatte gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hatten gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hätte gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hätten gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hattest gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hattet gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hättest gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hättet gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hatte gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hatten gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hätte gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hätten gestemmt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stemmen werden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-i",
"infinitive",
"multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "werde stemmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"future-i",
"multiword-construction",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-i"
]
},
{
"form": "werden stemmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"future-i",
"multiword-construction",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-i"
]
},
{
"form": "werdest stemmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-i",
"multiword-construction",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-i"
]
},
{
"form": "werdet stemmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-i",
"multiword-construction",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-i"
]
},
{
"form": "werde stemmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-i",
"multiword-construction",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-i",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "werden stemmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-i",
"multiword-construction",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-i",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "werde stemmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"future-i",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "werden stemmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"future-i",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "würde stemmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"future-i",
"multiword-construction",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-ii"
]
},
{
"form": "würden stemmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"future-i",
"multiword-construction",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-ii"
]
},
{
"form": "wirst stemmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-i",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "werdet stemmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-i",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "würdest stemmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-i",
"multiword-construction",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-ii"
]
},
{
"form": "würdet stemmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-i",
"multiword-construction",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-ii"
]
},
{
"form": "wird stemmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-i",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "werden stemmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-i",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "würde stemmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-i",
"multiword-construction",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-ii",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "würden stemmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-i",
"multiword-construction",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-ii",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gestemmt haben werden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-ii",
"infinitive",
"multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "werde gestemmt haben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"future-ii",
"multiword-construction",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-i"
]
},
{
"form": "werden gestemmt haben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"future-ii",
"multiword-construction",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-i"
]
},
{
"form": "werdest gestemmt haben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-ii",
"multiword-construction",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-i"
]
},
{
"form": "werdet gestemmt haben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-ii",
"multiword-construction",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-i"
]
},
{
"form": "werde gestemmt haben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-ii",
"multiword-construction",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-i",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "werden gestemmt haben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-ii",
"multiword-construction",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-i",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "werde gestemmt haben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"future-ii",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "werden gestemmt haben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"future-ii",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "würde gestemmt haben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"future-ii",
"multiword-construction",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-ii"
]
},
{
"form": "würden gestemmt haben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"future-ii",
"multiword-construction",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-ii"
]
},
{
"form": "wirst gestemmt haben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-ii",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "werdet gestemmt haben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-ii",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "würdest gestemmt haben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-ii",
"multiword-construction",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-ii"
]
},
{
"form": "würdet gestemmt haben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-ii",
"multiword-construction",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-ii"
]
},
{
"form": "wird gestemmt haben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-ii",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "werden gestemmt haben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-ii",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "würde gestemmt haben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-ii",
"multiword-construction",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-ii",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "würden gestemmt haben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"future-ii",
"multiword-construction",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive-ii",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "stemmen (weak, third-person singular present stemmt, past tense stemmte, past participle gestemmt, auxiliary haben)",
"name": "de-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "transitive"
},
"expansion": "(transitive)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "de-conj"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to heave, to lift (a heavy load, weights, oneself)"
],
"links": [
[
"heave",
"heave"
],
[
"lift",
"lift"
]
],
"tags": [
"transitive",
"weak"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"German terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
3,
6
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
24,
31
]
],
"english": "to put one's arms against one's hips",
"text": "die Hände in die Hüften stemmen",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to brace, to press (a body part against a firm surface)"
],
"links": [
[
"brace",
"brace"
],
[
"press",
"press"
]
],
"tags": [
"transitive",
"weak"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"German reflexive verbs",
"German terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
3,
9
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
10
]
],
"english": "He braced himself against the crowd.",
"text": "Er stemmte sich gegen die Menschenmenge.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to push, to brace oneself (against an obstacle or opposing force)"
],
"links": [
[
"push",
"push"
],
[
"brace",
"brace"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive) to push, to brace oneself (against an obstacle or opposing force)"
],
"tags": [
"reflexive",
"transitive",
"weak"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"German reflexive verbs",
"German terms with quotations",
"German terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
113,
125
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
79,
85
]
],
"english": "But exactly this, namely a return of the currently suspended compulsory military draft, is what his own party is pushing back against.",
"ref": "2025 April 11, Felix Hackenbruch, “Schwarz-Rot zunächst gegen Pflicht: Reicht der freiwillige Wehrdienst aus?”, in Tagesspiegel, archived from the original on 2025-04-12:",
"text": "Genau dagegen, also eine Rückkehr der derzeit ausgesetzten harten Wehrpflicht, stemmt sich jedoch seine eigene Partei.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to push, to brace oneself (against an obstacle or opposing force)",
"to push back against, to try to resist (an undesirable policy, development, or trend)"
],
"links": [
[
"push",
"push"
],
[
"brace",
"brace"
],
[
"push back",
"push back"
],
[
"try",
"try"
],
[
"resist",
"resist"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive) to push, to brace oneself (against an obstacle or opposing force)",
"(figurative) to push back against, to try to resist (an undesirable policy, development, or trend)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "widersetzen"
},
{
"word": "Widerstand leisten"
},
{
"word": "sträuben"
}
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"reflexive",
"transitive",
"weak"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"German terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
3,
6
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
21,
28
]
],
"english": "to pry tiles off the wall",
"text": "Fliesen von der Wand stemmen",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to pry (something out of an affixed position with e.g. a chisel or crowbar)"
],
"links": [
[
"pry",
"pry"
]
],
"tags": [
"transitive",
"weak"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to manage to handle, to get done (a heavy workload, a difficult project)"
],
"links": [
[
"manage",
"manage"
],
[
"handle",
"handle"
],
[
"get",
"get"
],
[
"done",
"done"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) to manage to handle, to get done (a heavy workload, a difficult project)"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"transitive",
"weak"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"German terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
91,
97
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
83,
90
]
],
"english": "The regulations would result in additional costs. Some trade partners would not be able to afford them, experts fear.",
"ref": "2024 July 12, “EU: Neue Plastikgesetze könnten Import von Schnittblumen aus Kenia beeinträchtigen”, in Der Spiegel, →ISSN:",
"text": "Die Vorschriften führten zu Extrakosten. Diese könnten manche Handelspartner nicht stemmen, befürchten Experten.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to manage to handle, to get done (a heavy workload, a difficult project)",
"to afford, to manage to pay (a significant cost or financial investment)"
],
"links": [
[
"manage",
"manage"
],
[
"handle",
"handle"
],
[
"get",
"get"
],
[
"done",
"done"
],
[
"afford",
"afford"
],
[
"pay",
"pay"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) to manage to handle, to get done (a heavy workload, a difficult project)",
"to afford, to manage to pay (a significant cost or financial investment)"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"transitive",
"weak"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃtɛmən/"
},
{
"audio": "De-stemmen.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/db/De-stemmen.ogg/De-stemmen.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/db/De-stemmen.ogg"
}
],
"word": "stemmen"
}
Download raw JSONL data for stemmen meaning in German (19.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable German dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-07 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (92124b4 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.