"encombrer" meaning in French

See encombrer in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁe/ Audio: Fr-encombrer.ogg
Etymology: Inherited from Middle French encombrer, from Old French encombrer (“to hinder, burden, encumber”), from Early Medieval Latin incombrāre (“to hinder, inconvenience, burden”), from combrus (“barricade of felled trees”), possibly from Gaulish *komberū, from Proto-Celtic *kombereti (“to bring together”) (compare Old Irish conbeir (“brings together, bears”)), from *kom- + *bereti (“to bear”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰéreti (“to be carrying”). Alternatively from Latin cumulus (“heap, pile”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱewh₁- (“to swell”). Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|fr|frm|encombrer|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Middle French encombrer, {{inh+|fr|frm|encombrer}} Inherited from Middle French encombrer, {{inh|fr|fro|encombrer||to hinder, burden, encumber}} Old French encombrer (“to hinder, burden, encumber”), {{inh|fr|la-eme|incombrō|incombrāre|to hinder, inconvenience, burden}} Early Medieval Latin incombrāre (“to hinder, inconvenience, burden”), {{der|fr|cel-gau|*komberū}} Gaulish *komberū, {{der|fr|cel-pro|*kombereti||to bring together}} Proto-Celtic *kombereti (“to bring together”), {{cog|sga|conbeir||brings together, bears}} Old Irish conbeir (“brings together, bears”), {{af|cel-pro|*kom-|*bereti|nocat=1|t2=to bear}} *kom- + *bereti (“to bear”), {{der|fr|ine-pro|*bʰéreti||to be carrying}} Proto-Indo-European *bʰéreti (“to be carrying”), {{der|fr|la|cumulus||heap, pile}} Latin cumulus (“heap, pile”), {{der|fr|ine-pro|*ḱewh₁-||to swell}} Proto-Indo-European *ḱewh₁- (“to swell”) Head templates: {{fr-verb}} encombrer Inflection templates: {{fr-conj-auto}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], encombrer [infinitive], avoir + past participle [infinitive, multiword-construction], encombrant [gerund, participle, present], ayant + past participle [gerund, multiword-construction, participle, present], encombré [participle, past], encombre [first-person, indicative, present, singular], encombres [indicative, present, second-person, singular], encombre [indicative, present, singular, third-person], encombrons [first-person, indicative, plural, present], encombrez [indicative, plural, present, second-person], encombrent [indicative, plural, present, third-person], encombrais [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], encombrais [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], encombrait [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], encombrions [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], encombriez [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], encombraient [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], encombrai [first-person, historic, indicative, past, singular], encombras [historic, indicative, past, second-person, singular], encombra [historic, indicative, past, singular, third-person], encombrâmes [first-person, historic, indicative, past, plural], encombrâtes [historic, indicative, past, plural, second-person], encombrèrent [historic, indicative, past, plural, third-person], encombrerai [first-person, future, indicative, singular], encombreras [future, indicative, second-person, singular], encombrera [future, indicative, singular, third-person], encombrerons [first-person, future, indicative, plural], encombrerez [future, indicative, plural, second-person], encombreront [future, indicative, plural, third-person], encombrerais [conditional, first-person, singular], encombrerais [conditional, second-person, singular], encombrerait [conditional, singular, third-person], encombrerions [conditional, first-person, plural], encombreriez [conditional, plural, second-person], encombreraient [conditional, plural, third-person], present indicative of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, perfect, present], imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, pluperfect], past historic of avoir + past participle [anterior, indicative, multiword-construction, past], future of avoir + past participle [future, indicative, multiword-construction, perfect], conditional of avoir + past participle [conditional, multiword-construction, perfect], encombre [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], encombres [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], encombre [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], encombrions [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], encombriez [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], encombrent [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], encombrasse [first-person, imperfect, singular, subjunctive], encombrasses [imperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], encombrât [imperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], encombrassions [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], encombrassiez [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], encombrassent [imperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], present subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, past, subjunctive], imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, pluperfect, subjunctive], encombre [imperative, second-person, singular], encombrons [first-person, imperative, plural], encombrez [imperative, plural, second-person], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [imperative, multiword-construction, second-person, singular], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [first-person, imperative, multiword-construction, plural], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [imperative, multiword-construction, plural, second-person]
  1. (transitive) to block off, to clutter, to clutter up, to congest Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-encombrer-fr-verb-noaG3GQ- Categories (other): French entries with incorrect language header, French verbs with conjugation -er, Old French entries with incorrect language header, Old French verbs ending in -er, Old French verbs with weak-a preterite, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of French entries with incorrect language header: 88 4 8 Disambiguation of French verbs with conjugation -er: 51 21 27 Disambiguation of Old French entries with incorrect language header: 76 5 8 6 5 Disambiguation of Old French verbs ending in -er: 63 9 9 10 9 Disambiguation of Old French verbs with weak-a preterite: 37 14 17 17 14 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 72 6 7 8 6 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 82 4 4 5 4
  2. (transitive) to encumber, to burden Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-encombrer-fr-verb-AVk2DM65
  3. (transitive) to jam (e.g. a switchboard) Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-encombrer-fr-verb-RHYEo1mG
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: encombrant

Inflected forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "encombrant"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "encombrer",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French encombrer",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "encombrer"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Middle French encombrer",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "encombrer",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to hinder, burden, encumber"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French encombrer (“to hinder, burden, encumber”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "la-eme",
        "3": "incombrō",
        "4": "incombrāre",
        "5": "to hinder, inconvenience, burden"
      },
      "expansion": "Early Medieval Latin incombrāre (“to hinder, inconvenience, burden”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "cel-gau",
        "3": "*komberū"
      },
      "expansion": "Gaulish *komberū",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*kombereti",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to bring together"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kombereti (“to bring together”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "conbeir",
        "3": "",
        "4": "brings together, bears"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish conbeir (“brings together, bears”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "*kom-",
        "3": "*bereti",
        "nocat": "1",
        "t2": "to bear"
      },
      "expansion": "*kom- + *bereti (“to bear”)",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰéreti",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to be carrying"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰéreti (“to be carrying”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "cumulus",
        "4": "",
        "5": "heap, pile"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin cumulus (“heap, pile”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ḱewh₁-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to swell"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱewh₁- (“to swell”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French encombrer, from Old French encombrer (“to hinder, burden, encumber”), from Early Medieval Latin incombrāre (“to hinder, inconvenience, burden”), from combrus (“barricade of felled trees”), possibly from Gaulish *komberū, from Proto-Celtic *kombereti (“to bring together”) (compare Old Irish conbeir (“brings together, bears”)), from *kom- + *bereti (“to bear”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰéreti (“to be carrying”). Alternatively from Latin cumulus (“heap, pile”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱewh₁- (“to swell”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fr-conj-auto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrer",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrant",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁɑ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ayant + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombré",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombre",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃bʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombres",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃bʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombre",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃bʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrons",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrez",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrent",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃bʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrais",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrais",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrait",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrions",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁi.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombriez",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁi.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombraient",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrai",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombras",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombra",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrâmes",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁam/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrâtes",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁat/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrèrent",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁɛʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrerai",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁə.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombreras",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁə.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrera",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁə.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrerons",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁə.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrerez",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁə.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombreront",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁə.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrerais",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁə.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrerais",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁə.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrerait",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁə.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrerions",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁə.ʁjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombreriez",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁə.ʁje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombreraient",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁə.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombre",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃bʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombres",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃bʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombre",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃bʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrions",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁi.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombriez",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁi.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrent",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃bʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrasse",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrasses",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrât",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrassions",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁa.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrassiez",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁa.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrassent",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombre",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃bʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrons",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrez",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "encombrer",
      "name": "fr-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fr-conj-auto"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "88 4 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "51 21 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "76 5 8 6 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "63 9 9 10 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French verbs ending in -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "37 14 17 17 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French verbs with weak-a preterite",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "72 6 7 8 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "82 4 4 5 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to block off, to clutter, to clutter up, to congest"
      ],
      "id": "en-encombrer-fr-verb-noaG3GQ-",
      "links": [
        [
          "block off",
          "block off"
        ],
        [
          "clutter",
          "clutter"
        ],
        [
          "clutter up",
          "clutter up"
        ],
        [
          "congest",
          "congest"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to block off, to clutter, to clutter up, to congest"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "to encumber, to burden"
      ],
      "id": "en-encombrer-fr-verb-AVk2DM65",
      "links": [
        [
          "encumber",
          "encumber"
        ],
        [
          "burden",
          "burden"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to encumber, to burden"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "to jam (e.g. a switchboard)"
      ],
      "id": "en-encombrer-fr-verb-RHYEo1mG",
      "links": [
        [
          "jam",
          "jam"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to jam (e.g. a switchboard)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁe/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fr-encombrer.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/35/Fr-encombrer.ogg/Fr-encombrer.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/Fr-encombrer.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Boston",
    "Brill",
    "George Kitchin",
    "Leiden"
  ],
  "word": "encombrer"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "French 3-syllable words",
    "French entries with incorrect language header",
    "French first group verbs",
    "French lemmas",
    "French terms derived from Early Medieval Latin",
    "French terms derived from Gaulish",
    "French terms derived from Latin",
    "French terms derived from Middle French",
    "French terms derived from Old French",
    "French terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
    "French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "French terms inherited from Early Medieval Latin",
    "French terms inherited from Middle French",
    "French terms inherited from Old French",
    "French terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "French verbs",
    "French verbs with conjugation -er",
    "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old French first group verbs",
    "Old French lemmas",
    "Old French verbs",
    "Old French verbs ending in -er",
    "Old French verbs with weak-a preterite",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "encombrant"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "encombrer",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French encombrer",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "encombrer"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Middle French encombrer",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "encombrer",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to hinder, burden, encumber"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French encombrer (“to hinder, burden, encumber”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "la-eme",
        "3": "incombrō",
        "4": "incombrāre",
        "5": "to hinder, inconvenience, burden"
      },
      "expansion": "Early Medieval Latin incombrāre (“to hinder, inconvenience, burden”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "cel-gau",
        "3": "*komberū"
      },
      "expansion": "Gaulish *komberū",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*kombereti",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to bring together"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kombereti (“to bring together”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "conbeir",
        "3": "",
        "4": "brings together, bears"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish conbeir (“brings together, bears”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "*kom-",
        "3": "*bereti",
        "nocat": "1",
        "t2": "to bear"
      },
      "expansion": "*kom- + *bereti (“to bear”)",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰéreti",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to be carrying"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰéreti (“to be carrying”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "cumulus",
        "4": "",
        "5": "heap, pile"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin cumulus (“heap, pile”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ḱewh₁-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to swell"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱewh₁- (“to swell”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French encombrer, from Old French encombrer (“to hinder, burden, encumber”), from Early Medieval Latin incombrāre (“to hinder, inconvenience, burden”), from combrus (“barricade of felled trees”), possibly from Gaulish *komberū, from Proto-Celtic *kombereti (“to bring together”) (compare Old Irish conbeir (“brings together, bears”)), from *kom- + *bereti (“to bear”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰéreti (“to be carrying”). Alternatively from Latin cumulus (“heap, pile”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱewh₁- (“to swell”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fr-conj-auto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrer",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrant",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁɑ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ayant + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombré",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombre",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃bʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombres",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃bʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombre",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃bʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrons",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrez",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrent",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃bʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrais",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrais",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrait",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrions",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁi.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombriez",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁi.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombraient",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrai",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombras",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombra",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrâmes",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁam/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrâtes",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁat/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrèrent",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁɛʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrerai",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁə.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombreras",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁə.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrera",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁə.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrerons",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁə.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrerez",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁə.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombreront",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁə.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrerais",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁə.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrerais",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁə.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrerait",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁə.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrerions",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁə.ʁjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombreriez",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁə.ʁje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombreraient",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁə.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombre",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃bʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombres",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃bʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombre",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃bʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrions",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁi.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombriez",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁi.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrent",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃bʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrasse",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrasses",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrât",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrassions",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁa.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrassiez",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁa.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrassent",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombre",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃bʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrons",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "encombrez",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "encombrer",
      "name": "fr-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fr-conj-auto"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "French transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to block off, to clutter, to clutter up, to congest"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "block off",
          "block off"
        ],
        [
          "clutter",
          "clutter"
        ],
        [
          "clutter up",
          "clutter up"
        ],
        [
          "congest",
          "congest"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to block off, to clutter, to clutter up, to congest"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "French transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to encumber, to burden"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "encumber",
          "encumber"
        ],
        [
          "burden",
          "burden"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to encumber, to burden"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "French transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to jam (e.g. a switchboard)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "jam",
          "jam"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to jam (e.g. a switchboard)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁe/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fr-encombrer.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/35/Fr-encombrer.ogg/Fr-encombrer.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/Fr-encombrer.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Boston",
    "Brill",
    "George Kitchin",
    "Leiden"
  ],
  "word": "encombrer"
}

Download raw JSONL data for encombrer meaning in French (13.1kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable French dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-21 using wiktextract (fef8596 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.