"embrouiller" meaning in French

See embrouiller in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /ɑ̃.bʁu.je/ Audio: LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-embrouiller.wav , LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï-embrouiller.wav , LL-Q150 (fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz Jähnick-embrouiller.wav
Etymology: From en- + brouiller. Etymology templates: {{root|fr|ine-pro|*bʰrewh₁-}}, {{af|fr|en-|brouiller}} en- + brouiller Head templates: {{fr-verb}} embrouiller Inflection templates: {{fr-conj-auto}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], embrouiller [infinitive], avoir + past participle [infinitive, multiword-construction], embrouillant [gerund, participle, present], ayant + past participle [gerund, multiword-construction, participle, present], embrouillé [participle, past], embrouille [first-person, indicative, present, singular], embrouilles [indicative, present, second-person, singular], embrouille [indicative, present, singular, third-person], embrouillons [first-person, indicative, plural, present], embrouillez [indicative, plural, present, second-person], embrouillent [indicative, plural, present, third-person], embrouillais [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], embrouillais [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], embrouillait [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], embrouillions [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], embrouilliez [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], embrouillaient [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], embrouillai [first-person, historic, indicative, past, singular], embrouillas [historic, indicative, past, second-person, singular], embrouilla [historic, indicative, past, singular, third-person], embrouillâmes [first-person, historic, indicative, past, plural], embrouillâtes [historic, indicative, past, plural, second-person], embrouillèrent [historic, indicative, past, plural, third-person], embrouillerai [first-person, future, indicative, singular], embrouilleras [future, indicative, second-person, singular], embrouillera [future, indicative, singular, third-person], embrouillerons [first-person, future, indicative, plural], embrouillerez [future, indicative, plural, second-person], embrouilleront [future, indicative, plural, third-person], embrouillerais [conditional, first-person, singular], embrouillerais [conditional, second-person, singular], embrouillerait [conditional, singular, third-person], embrouillerions [conditional, first-person, plural], embrouilleriez [conditional, plural, second-person], embrouilleraient [conditional, plural, third-person], present indicative of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, perfect, present], imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, pluperfect], past historic of avoir + past participle [anterior, indicative, multiword-construction, past], future of avoir + past participle [future, indicative, multiword-construction, perfect], conditional of avoir + past participle [conditional, multiword-construction, perfect], embrouille [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], embrouilles [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], embrouille [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], embrouillions [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], embrouilliez [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], embrouillent [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], embrouillasse [first-person, imperfect, singular, subjunctive], embrouillasses [imperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], embrouillât [imperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], embrouillassions [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], embrouillassiez [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], embrouillassent [imperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], present subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, past, subjunctive], imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, pluperfect, subjunctive], embrouille [imperative, second-person, singular], embrouillons [first-person, imperative, plural], embrouillez [imperative, plural, second-person], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [imperative, multiword-construction, second-person, singular], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [first-person, imperative, multiword-construction, plural], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [imperative, multiword-construction, plural, second-person]
  1. to entangle Synonyms: emberlificoter
    Sense id: en-embrouiller-fr-verb-36zJ8~qV Categories (other): French terms prefixed with en-, French verbs with conjugation -er, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Violence Disambiguation of French terms prefixed with en-: 18 28 26 28 Disambiguation of French verbs with conjugation -er: 20 27 23 30 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 20 25 25 30 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 27 23 26 25 Disambiguation of Violence: 20 24 25 30
  2. (figuratively, reflexive) to make mistakes, get confused (while performing a complex task) Tags: figuratively, reflexive Synonyms: se prendre les pieds dans le tapis, s'emmêler les crayons, s'emmêler les pinceaux Hypernyms: se tromper
    Sense id: en-embrouiller-fr-verb-5EP0Z4VW Categories (other): French entries with incorrect language header, French terms prefixed with en-, French verbs with conjugation -er, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Violence Disambiguation of French entries with incorrect language header: 16 36 23 24 Disambiguation of French terms prefixed with en-: 18 28 26 28 Disambiguation of French verbs with conjugation -er: 20 27 23 30 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 20 25 25 30 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 27 23 26 25 Disambiguation of Violence: 20 24 25 30
  3. (informal) to bamboozle, to confuse Tags: informal
    Sense id: en-embrouiller-fr-verb-6sgXMrgf Categories (other): French terms prefixed with en-, French verbs with conjugation -er, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Violence Disambiguation of French terms prefixed with en-: 18 28 26 28 Disambiguation of French verbs with conjugation -er: 20 27 23 30 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 20 25 25 30 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 27 23 26 25 Disambiguation of Violence: 20 24 25 30
  4. (slang) to get in a fight Tags: slang
    Sense id: en-embrouiller-fr-verb-~pB0po59 Categories (other): French terms prefixed with en-, French verbs with conjugation -er, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Violence Disambiguation of French terms prefixed with en-: 18 28 26 28 Disambiguation of French verbs with conjugation -er: 20 27 23 30 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 20 25 25 30 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 27 23 26 25 Disambiguation of Violence: 20 24 25 30
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: embrouillamini, embrouille

Inflected forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "embrouillamini"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "embrouille"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "lang_code": "ca",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "embrollar"
    },
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "embroil"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "embrollar"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰrewh₁-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "en-",
        "3": "brouiller"
      },
      "expansion": "en- + brouiller",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From en- + brouiller.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fr-conj-auto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouiller",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillant",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.jɑ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ayant + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillé",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouille",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁuj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouilles",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁuj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouille",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁuj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillons",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillez",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillent",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁuj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillais",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.jɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillais",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.jɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillait",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.jɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillions",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁuj.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouilliez",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁuj.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillaient",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.jɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillai",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillas",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.ja/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouilla",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.ja/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillâmes",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.jam/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillâtes",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.jat/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillèrent",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.jɛʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillerai",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁuj.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouilleras",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁuj.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillera",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁuj.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillerons",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁuj.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillerez",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁuj.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouilleront",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁuj.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillerais",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁuj.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillerais",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁuj.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillerait",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁuj.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillerions",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.jə.ʁjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouilleriez",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.jə.ʁje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouilleraient",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁuj.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouille",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁuj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouilles",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁuj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouille",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁuj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillions",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁuj.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouilliez",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁuj.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillent",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁuj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillasse",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.jas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillasses",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.jas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillât",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.ja/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillassions",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.ja.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillassiez",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.ja.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillassent",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.jas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouille",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁuj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillons",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillez",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "embrouiller",
      "name": "fr-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fr-conj-auto"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "18 28 26 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French terms prefixed with en-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 27 23 30",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 25 25 30",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 23 26 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 24 25 30",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "fr",
          "name": "Violence",
          "orig": "fr:Violence",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to entangle"
      ],
      "id": "en-embrouiller-fr-verb-36zJ8~qV",
      "links": [
        [
          "entangle",
          "entangle"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "emberlificoter"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "16 36 23 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 28 26 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French terms prefixed with en-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 27 23 30",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 25 25 30",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 23 26 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 24 25 30",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "fr",
          "name": "Violence",
          "orig": "fr:Violence",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              3,
              21
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              3,
              13
            ],
            [
              31,
              39
            ]
          ],
          "english": "He had gotten his calculations mixed up while confirming the stocks",
          "text": "Il s’était embrouillé dans ses calculs en vérifiant les stocks.",
          "translation": "He had gotten his calculations mixed up while confirming the stocks",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to make mistakes, get confused (while performing a complex task)"
      ],
      "hypernyms": [
        {
          "word": "se tromper"
        }
      ],
      "id": "en-embrouiller-fr-verb-5EP0Z4VW",
      "links": [
        [
          "make mistakes",
          "make a mistake"
        ],
        [
          "confused",
          "confused"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively, reflexive) to make mistakes, get confused (while performing a complex task)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "se prendre les pieds dans le tapis"
        },
        {
          "word": "s'emmêler les crayons"
        },
        {
          "word": "s'emmêler les pinceaux"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "18 28 26 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French terms prefixed with en-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 27 23 30",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 25 25 30",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 23 26 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 24 25 30",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "fr",
          "name": "Violence",
          "orig": "fr:Violence",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to bamboozle, to confuse"
      ],
      "id": "en-embrouiller-fr-verb-6sgXMrgf",
      "links": [
        [
          "bamboozle",
          "bamboozle"
        ],
        [
          "confuse",
          "confuse"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(informal) to bamboozle, to confuse"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "18 28 26 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French terms prefixed with en-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 27 23 30",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 25 25 30",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 23 26 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 24 25 30",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "fr",
          "name": "Violence",
          "orig": "fr:Violence",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to get in a fight"
      ],
      "id": "en-embrouiller-fr-verb-~pB0po59",
      "links": [
        [
          "fight",
          "fight"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(slang) to get in a fight"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "slang"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.je/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-embrouiller.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d4/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-embrouiller.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-embrouiller.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d4/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-embrouiller.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-embrouiller.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï-embrouiller.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9e/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-embrouiller.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-embrouiller.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9e/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-embrouiller.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-embrouiller.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz Jähnick-embrouiller.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7d/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-embrouiller.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-embrouiller.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7d/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-embrouiller.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-embrouiller.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "embrouiller"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "French 3-syllable words",
    "French entries with incorrect language header",
    "French first group verbs",
    "French lemmas",
    "French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "French terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰrewh₁-",
    "French terms prefixed with en-",
    "French terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "French verbs",
    "French verbs with conjugation -er",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "fr:Violence"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "embrouillamini"
    },
    {
      "word": "embrouille"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "lang_code": "ca",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "embrollar"
    },
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "embroil"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "embrollar"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰrewh₁-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "en-",
        "3": "brouiller"
      },
      "expansion": "en- + brouiller",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From en- + brouiller.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fr-conj-auto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouiller",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillant",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.jɑ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ayant + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillé",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouille",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁuj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouilles",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁuj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouille",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁuj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillons",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillez",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillent",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁuj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillais",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.jɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillais",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.jɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillait",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.jɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillions",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁuj.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouilliez",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁuj.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillaient",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.jɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillai",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillas",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.ja/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouilla",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.ja/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillâmes",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.jam/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillâtes",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.jat/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillèrent",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.jɛʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillerai",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁuj.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouilleras",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁuj.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillera",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁuj.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillerons",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁuj.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillerez",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁuj.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouilleront",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁuj.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillerais",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁuj.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillerais",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁuj.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillerait",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁuj.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillerions",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.jə.ʁjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouilleriez",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.jə.ʁje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouilleraient",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁuj.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouille",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁuj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouilles",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁuj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouille",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁuj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillions",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁuj.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouilliez",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁuj.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillent",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁuj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillasse",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.jas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillasses",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.jas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillât",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.ja/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillassions",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.ja.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillassiez",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.ja.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillassent",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.jas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouille",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁuj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillons",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "embrouillez",
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "embrouiller",
      "name": "fr-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fr-conj-auto"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to entangle"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "entangle",
          "entangle"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "emberlificoter"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "French reflexive verbs",
        "French terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              3,
              21
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              3,
              13
            ],
            [
              31,
              39
            ]
          ],
          "english": "He had gotten his calculations mixed up while confirming the stocks",
          "text": "Il s’était embrouillé dans ses calculs en vérifiant les stocks.",
          "translation": "He had gotten his calculations mixed up while confirming the stocks",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to make mistakes, get confused (while performing a complex task)"
      ],
      "hypernyms": [
        {
          "word": "se tromper"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "make mistakes",
          "make a mistake"
        ],
        [
          "confused",
          "confused"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively, reflexive) to make mistakes, get confused (while performing a complex task)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "se prendre les pieds dans le tapis"
        },
        {
          "word": "s'emmêler les crayons"
        },
        {
          "word": "s'emmêler les pinceaux"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "French informal terms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to bamboozle, to confuse"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "bamboozle",
          "bamboozle"
        ],
        [
          "confuse",
          "confuse"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(informal) to bamboozle, to confuse"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "French slang"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to get in a fight"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fight",
          "fight"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(slang) to get in a fight"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "slang"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɑ̃.bʁu.je/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-embrouiller.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d4/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-embrouiller.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-embrouiller.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d4/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-embrouiller.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-embrouiller.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï-embrouiller.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9e/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-embrouiller.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-embrouiller.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9e/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-embrouiller.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-embrouiller.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz Jähnick-embrouiller.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7d/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-embrouiller.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-embrouiller.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7d/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-embrouiller.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-embrouiller.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "embrouiller"
}

Download raw JSONL data for embrouiller meaning in French (12.3kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable French dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-02-14 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-02-01 using wiktextract (f492ef9 and 59dc20b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.