See -e in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"forms": [
{
"form": "-es",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "-e f (noun-forming suffix, plural -es)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "garçon + -e → garçonne"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms the feminine of nouns referring to people"
],
"id": "en--e-fr-suffix-0g2BnCD5",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-e"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "fort + -e → forte"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms the feminine singular of adjectives"
],
"id": "en--e-fr-suffix-oBIHPtIX",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-e"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "-at"
},
"expansion": "Latin -at",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "In the third person, from Latin -at; in the first person generally by analogy.",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 1 16 15 16 14 15 14 2 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-er"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of -er:",
"first-person singular present indicative"
],
"id": "en--e-fr-suffix-DnFPFVs5",
"links": [
[
"-er",
"-er#French"
]
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"indicative",
"morpheme",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 1 16 15 16 14 15 14 2 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-er"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of -er:",
"first-person singular present subjunctive"
],
"id": "en--e-fr-suffix-sECZ5ieC",
"links": [
[
"-er",
"-er#French"
]
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 1 16 15 16 14 15 14 2 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-er"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of -er:",
"third-person singular present indicative"
],
"id": "en--e-fr-suffix-aApaLy7n",
"links": [
[
"-er",
"-er#French"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"morpheme",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 1 16 15 16 14 15 14 2 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-er"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of -er:",
"third-person singular present subjunctive"
],
"id": "en--e-fr-suffix-QikkSHrA",
"links": [
[
"-er",
"-er#French"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 1 16 15 16 14 15 14 2 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-re"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of -re:",
"first-person singular present subjunctive"
],
"id": "en--e-fr-suffix-mXEkrc46",
"links": [
[
"-re",
"-re#French"
]
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 1 16 15 16 14 15 14 2 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-re"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of -re:",
"third-person singular present subjunctive"
],
"id": "en--e-fr-suffix-z6OGx0jm",
"links": [
[
"-re",
"-re#French"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "-e"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ā"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ā",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin -ā (imperative).",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-er"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person singular imperative of -er"
],
"id": "en--e-fr-suffix--mf5Vipg",
"links": [
[
"-er",
"-er#French"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"morpheme",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "-e"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ᵉ",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "-ᵉˢ",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"head": "-ᵉ",
"pl": "-ᵉˢ"
},
"expansion": "-ᵉ (adjective-forming suffix, plural -ᵉˢ)",
"name": "fr-adj"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "-ième when an ordinal number is written with Arabic or Roman numerals"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "deuxième → 2ᵉ"
}
],
"glosses": [
"abbreviation of -ième when an ordinal number is written with Arabic or Roman numerals"
],
"id": "en--e-fr-suffix-EFgz4PQ0",
"links": [
[
"-ième",
"-ième#French"
]
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-e"
}
{
"categories": [
"French adjective-forming suffixes",
"French countable suffixes",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French feminine suffixes",
"French lemmas",
"French non-lemma forms",
"French noun-forming suffixes",
"French suffix forms",
"French suffixes",
"Pages with 48 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"forms": [
{
"form": "-es",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "-e f (noun-forming suffix, plural -es)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "garçon + -e → garçonne"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms the feminine of nouns referring to people"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-e"
}
{
"categories": [
"French adjective-forming suffixes",
"French countable suffixes",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French feminine suffixes",
"French lemmas",
"French non-lemma forms",
"French noun-forming suffixes",
"French suffix forms",
"French suffixes",
"Pages with 48 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "fort + -e → forte"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms the feminine singular of adjectives"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-e"
}
{
"categories": [
"French adjective-forming suffixes",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French non-lemma forms",
"French suffix forms",
"French suffixes",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms inherited from Latin",
"Pages with 48 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "-at"
},
"expansion": "Latin -at",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "In the third person, from Latin -at; in the first person generally by analogy.",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-er"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of -er:",
"first-person singular present indicative"
],
"links": [
[
"-er",
"-er#French"
]
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"indicative",
"morpheme",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-er"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of -er:",
"first-person singular present subjunctive"
],
"links": [
[
"-er",
"-er#French"
]
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-er"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of -er:",
"third-person singular present indicative"
],
"links": [
[
"-er",
"-er#French"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"morpheme",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-er"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of -er:",
"third-person singular present subjunctive"
],
"links": [
[
"-er",
"-er#French"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-re"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of -re:",
"first-person singular present subjunctive"
],
"links": [
[
"-re",
"-re#French"
]
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-re"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of -re:",
"third-person singular present subjunctive"
],
"links": [
[
"-re",
"-re#French"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "-e"
}
{
"categories": [
"French adjective-forming suffixes",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French non-lemma forms",
"French suffix forms",
"French suffixes",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms inherited from Latin",
"Pages with 48 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ā"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ā",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin -ā (imperative).",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-er"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person singular imperative of -er"
],
"links": [
[
"-er",
"-er#French"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"morpheme",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "-e"
}
{
"categories": [
"French adjective-forming suffixes",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French suffixes",
"Pages with 48 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ᵉ",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "-ᵉˢ",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"head": "-ᵉ",
"pl": "-ᵉˢ"
},
"expansion": "-ᵉ (adjective-forming suffix, plural -ᵉˢ)",
"name": "fr-adj"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "-ième when an ordinal number is written with Arabic or Roman numerals"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "deuxième → 2ᵉ"
}
],
"glosses": [
"abbreviation of -ième when an ordinal number is written with Arabic or Roman numerals"
],
"links": [
[
"-ième",
"-ième#French"
]
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-e"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -e meaning in French (4.8kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: noun-forming suffix",
"path": [
"-e"
],
"section": "French",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-e",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: non-lemma form of adjective-forming suffix",
"path": [
"-e"
],
"section": "French",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-e",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: non-lemma form of verb-forming suffix",
"path": [
"-e"
],
"section": "French",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-e",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: non-lemma form of verb-forming suffix",
"path": [
"-e"
],
"section": "French",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-e",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: adjective-forming suffix",
"path": [
"-e"
],
"section": "French",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-e",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable French dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-20 using wiktextract (e97c820 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.