See -e in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
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{
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"3": "fro:-e",
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{
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},
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],
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{
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],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂\nProto-Italic *-ā\nLatin -am\nOld French -e\nFrench -e\nInherited from Old French -e, from Latin -am, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂.",
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}
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"etymology_text": "In the third person, from Latin -at; in the first person generally by analogy.",
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{
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{
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[
"-er",
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]
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[
"-er",
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]
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[
"-re",
"-re#French"
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"word": "-e"
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"name": "inh"
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"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "suffix",
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{
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{
"word": "-er"
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[
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]
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],
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}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ᵉ",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "-ᵉˢ",
"links": [
[
"-ᵉˢ",
"-es"
]
],
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]
}
],
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}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "-ième when an ordinal number is written with Arabic or Roman numerals"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "deuxième → 2ᵉ"
}
],
"glosses": [
"abbreviation of -ième when an ordinal number is written with Arabic or Roman numerals"
],
"id": "en--e-fr-suffix-EFgz4PQ0",
"links": [
[
"-ième",
"-ième#French"
]
],
"tags": [
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]
}
],
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}
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"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms derived from Old French",
"French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"French terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"French terms inherited from Latin",
"French terms inherited from Old French",
"French terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"French terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
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"Old French terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
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},
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],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂\nProto-Italic *-ā\nLatin -am\nOld French -e\nFrench -e\nInherited from Old French -e, from Latin -am, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂.",
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{
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{
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}
],
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],
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"morpheme"
]
}
],
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}
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],
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"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
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{
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"4": "",
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"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
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"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
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},
{
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},
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},
{
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"3": "*-éh₂"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂",
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}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂\nProto-Italic *-ā\nLatin -am\nOld French -e\nFrench -e\nInherited from Old French -e, from Latin -am, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂.",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "suffix",
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{
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{
"text": "fort + -e → forte"
}
],
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],
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"word": "-e"
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{
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"French entries with incorrect language header",
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"Pages with 49 entries",
"Pages with entries"
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"name": "inh"
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"etymology_text": "In the third person, from Latin -at; in the first person generally by analogy.",
"lang": "French",
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{
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{
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}
],
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],
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]
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}
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"-er",
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]
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},
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}
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"third-person singular present indicative"
],
"links": [
[
"-er",
"-er#French"
]
],
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"indicative",
"morpheme",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-er"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of -er:",
"third-person singular present subjunctive"
],
"links": [
[
"-er",
"-er#French"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-re"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of -re:",
"first-person singular present subjunctive"
],
"links": [
[
"-re",
"-re#French"
]
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-re"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of -re:",
"third-person singular present subjunctive"
],
"links": [
[
"-re",
"-re#French"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "-e"
}
{
"categories": [
"French adjective-forming suffixes",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French non-lemma forms",
"French suffix forms",
"French suffixes",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms inherited from Latin",
"Pages with 49 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ā"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ā",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin -ā (imperative).",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-er"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person singular imperative of -er"
],
"links": [
[
"-er",
"-er#French"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"morpheme",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "-e"
}
{
"categories": [
"French adjective-forming suffixes",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French suffixes",
"Pages with 49 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ᵉ",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "-ᵉˢ",
"links": [
[
"-ᵉˢ",
"-es"
]
],
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"head": "-ᵉ",
"pl": "-ᵉˢ"
},
"expansion": "-ᵉ (adjective-forming suffix, plural -ᵉˢ)",
"name": "fr-adj"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "-ième when an ordinal number is written with Arabic or Roman numerals"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "deuxième → 2ᵉ"
}
],
"glosses": [
"abbreviation of -ième when an ordinal number is written with Arabic or Roman numerals"
],
"links": [
[
"-ième",
"-ième#French"
]
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-e"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -e meaning in French (9.8kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: noun-forming suffix",
"path": [
"-e"
],
"section": "French",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-e",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: non-lemma form of adjective-forming suffix",
"path": [
"-e"
],
"section": "French",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-e",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: non-lemma form of verb-forming suffix",
"path": [
"-e"
],
"section": "French",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-e",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: non-lemma form of verb-forming suffix",
"path": [
"-e"
],
"section": "French",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-e",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: adjective-forming suffix",
"path": [
"-e"
],
"section": "French",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-e",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable French dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-05-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-05-01 using wiktextract (8336b26 and ae80fde). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.