See ruma in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ruma ankanpoikanen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rumahko"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rumasti"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rumeliini"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rumentaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rumeta"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rumilus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rumistaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rumuus"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*ruma",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/ruma"
],
[
"rumal",
"rumal#Estonian"
],
[
"ruma",
"ruma#Ingrian"
],
[
"rumāli",
"rumāli#Livonian"
],
[
"ruma",
"ruma#Livvi"
],
[
"ruma",
"ruma#Veps"
],
[
"ruma",
"ruma#Votic"
],
[
"ropmi",
"ropmi#Northern_Sami"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*ruma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *ruma",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "gmq"
},
"expansion": "North Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "rumal",
"t": "stupid"
},
"expansion": "Estonian rumal (“stupid”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "ruma",
"t": "ugly"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian ruma (“ugly”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "liv",
"2": "rumāli",
"t": "dirty"
},
"expansion": "Livonian rumāli (“dirty”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "olo",
"2": "ruma"
},
"expansion": "Livvi ruma",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "ruma",
"t": "ugly; coarse"
},
"expansion": "Veps ruma (“ugly; coarse”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "ruma"
},
"expansion": "Votic ruma",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "ropmi"
},
"expansion": "Northern Sami ropmi",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *ruma, possibly a North Germanic borrowing. Cognates include Estonian rumal (“stupid”), Ingrian ruma (“ugly”), Livonian rumāli (“dirty”), Livvi ruma, Veps ruma (“ugly; coarse”) and Votic ruma. The Finnic word has been borrowed into Sami; compare Northern Sami ropmi.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rumempi",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "rumin",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-koira",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "10/koira",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ruma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rumat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rumat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rumat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rumien",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rumain",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"rare"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rumia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rumassa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rumissa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rumasta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rumista",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rumalla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rumilla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rumalta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rumilta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rumalle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rumille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rumana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rumina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaksi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiksi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rumatta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rumitta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rumin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rumine",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-koira",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "10/koira",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Rare. Only used with substantive adjectives.",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-koira",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rumani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"nominative",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"genitive",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumieni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"rare",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"partitive",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"partitive",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumassani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"inessive",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumissani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"inessive",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumastani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"first-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumistani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"first-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"illative",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"illative",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumallani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"first-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumillani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"first-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaltani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiltani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumalleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"first-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumilleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"first-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumanani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"first-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruminani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"first-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumakseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rumikseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rumattani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"first-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumittani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"first-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"instructive",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"first-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumineni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"first-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-koira",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rumasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaisi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"rare",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumassasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumissasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumastasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumistasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiisi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumallasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumillasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaltasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiltasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumallesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumillesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumanasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruminasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rumattasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumittasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruminesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-koira",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rumamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"nominative",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"genitive",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaimme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"rare"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"partitive",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"partitive",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumassamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"inessive",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumissamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"inessive",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumastamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumistamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"illative",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiimme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"illative",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumallamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"first-person",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumillamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"first-person",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaltamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiltamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumallemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumillemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumanamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"first-person",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruminamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"first-person",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rumattamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"first-person",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumittamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"first-person",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"instructive",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruminemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-koira",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rumanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumienne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumainne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"rare",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumianne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumassanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumissanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumastanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumistanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiinne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumallanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumillanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaltanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiltanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumallenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumillenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumananne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruminanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rumattanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumittanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruminenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-koira",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rumansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumainsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessive",
"rare",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumassaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumassansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumissaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumissansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumastaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumastansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumistaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumistansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiinsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumallaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumallansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumillaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumillansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaltaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaltansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiltaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiltansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumalleen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumallensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumilleen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumillensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumanaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumanansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruminaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruminansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumakseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaksensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rumikseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiksensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rumattaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumattansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumittaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumittansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumineen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruminensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rum",
"2": "empi",
"3": "in"
},
"expansion": "ruma (comparative rumempi, superlative rumin)",
"name": "fi-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rum",
"2": "",
"3": "",
"4": "a",
"pos": "adj"
},
"name": "fi-decl-koira"
}
],
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "kaunis"
}
],
"categories": [],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "48 23 29",
"sense": "compounds",
"word": "rumannäköinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 23 29",
"sense": "compounds",
"word": "rumanvärinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 23 29",
"sense": "compounds",
"word": "rumapiirteinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 23 29",
"sense": "compounds",
"word": "rumasointinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 23 29",
"sense": "compounds",
"word": "rumaääninen"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 23 29",
"sense": "compounds",
"word": "susiruma"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
23,
30
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
18,
22
]
],
"english": "I think I look so ugly with this hairstyle that I don't want to go outside without a hat.",
"text": "Näytän mielestäni niin rumalta tällä kampauksella, että en halua mennä ulos ilman hattua.",
"translation": "I think I look so ugly with this hairstyle that I don't want to go outside without a hat.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
27,
32
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
26,
30
]
],
"english": "The corncrake has such an ugly croak that it almost sounds beautiful.",
"text": "Ruisrääkän rääkynä on niin rumaa, että se kuulostaa melkein kauniilta.",
"translation": "The corncrake has such an ugly croak that it almost sounds beautiful.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ugly (displeasing to the eye or ear)"
],
"id": "en-ruma-fi-adj-O47Szt4d",
"links": [
[
"ugly",
"ugly"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "epäesteettinen"
},
{
"word": "pahannäköinen"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 50 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish koira-type nominals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
16,
21
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
12,
17
]
],
"english": "He played a dirty trick on us.",
"text": "Hän teki meille ruman tempun.",
"translation": "He played a dirty trick on us.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ugly, dirty (offensive to one's sensibilities or morality)"
],
"id": "en-ruma-fi-adj-USzrD~At",
"links": [
[
"ugly",
"ugly"
],
[
"dirty",
"dirty"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "moraaliton"
},
{
"word": "ikävä"
},
{
"word": "ilkeä"
},
{
"word": "kelju"
},
{
"word": "kurja"
},
{
"word": "paha"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish terms with collocations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "4 27 68",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 50 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish koira-type nominals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"english": "dirty word",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "ruma sana",
"translation": "dirty word",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dirty, foul (of a word or language in general: something considered vulgar)"
],
"id": "en-ruma-fi-adj-EhPGtlQd",
"links": [
[
"dirty",
"dirty"
],
[
"foul",
"foul"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈrumɑ/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈrumɑ̝]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-umɑ"
}
],
"word": "ruma"
}
{
"categories": [
"Finnish 2-syllable words",
"Finnish adjectives",
"Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
"Finnish koira-type nominals",
"Finnish lemmas",
"Finnish terms derived from North Germanic languages",
"Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
"Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finnic",
"Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 17 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Finnish/umɑ",
"Rhymes:Finnish/umɑ/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ruma ankanpoikanen"
},
{
"word": "rumahko"
},
{
"word": "rumasti"
},
{
"word": "rumeliini"
},
{
"word": "rumentaa"
},
{
"word": "rumeta"
},
{
"word": "rumilus"
},
{
"word": "rumistaa"
},
{
"word": "rumuus"
},
{
"sense": "compounds",
"word": "rumannäköinen"
},
{
"sense": "compounds",
"word": "rumanvärinen"
},
{
"sense": "compounds",
"word": "rumapiirteinen"
},
{
"sense": "compounds",
"word": "rumasointinen"
},
{
"sense": "compounds",
"word": "rumaääninen"
},
{
"sense": "compounds",
"word": "susiruma"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*ruma",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/ruma"
],
[
"rumal",
"rumal#Estonian"
],
[
"ruma",
"ruma#Ingrian"
],
[
"rumāli",
"rumāli#Livonian"
],
[
"ruma",
"ruma#Livvi"
],
[
"ruma",
"ruma#Veps"
],
[
"ruma",
"ruma#Votic"
],
[
"ropmi",
"ropmi#Northern_Sami"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*ruma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *ruma",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "gmq"
},
"expansion": "North Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "rumal",
"t": "stupid"
},
"expansion": "Estonian rumal (“stupid”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "ruma",
"t": "ugly"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian ruma (“ugly”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "liv",
"2": "rumāli",
"t": "dirty"
},
"expansion": "Livonian rumāli (“dirty”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "olo",
"2": "ruma"
},
"expansion": "Livvi ruma",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "ruma",
"t": "ugly; coarse"
},
"expansion": "Veps ruma (“ugly; coarse”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "ruma"
},
"expansion": "Votic ruma",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "ropmi"
},
"expansion": "Northern Sami ropmi",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *ruma, possibly a North Germanic borrowing. Cognates include Estonian rumal (“stupid”), Ingrian ruma (“ugly”), Livonian rumāli (“dirty”), Livvi ruma, Veps ruma (“ugly; coarse”) and Votic ruma. The Finnic word has been borrowed into Sami; compare Northern Sami ropmi.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rumempi",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "rumin",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-koira",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "10/koira",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ruma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rumat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rumat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rumat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rumien",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rumain",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"rare"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rumia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rumassa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rumissa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rumasta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rumista",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rumalla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rumilla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rumalta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rumilta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rumalle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rumille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rumana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rumina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaksi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiksi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rumatta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rumitta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rumin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rumine",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-koira",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "10/koira",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Rare. Only used with substantive adjectives.",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-koira",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rumani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"nominative",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"genitive",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumieni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"rare",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"partitive",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"partitive",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumassani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"inessive",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumissani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"inessive",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumastani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"first-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumistani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"first-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"illative",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"illative",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumallani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"first-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumillani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"first-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaltani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiltani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumalleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"first-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumilleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"first-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumanani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"first-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruminani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"first-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumakseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rumikseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rumattani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"first-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumittani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"first-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"instructive",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"first-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumineni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"first-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-koira",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rumasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaisi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"rare",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumassasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumissasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumastasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumistasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiisi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumallasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumillasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaltasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiltasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumallesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumillesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumanasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruminasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rumattasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumittasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruminesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"second-person",
"singular",
"singular-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-koira",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rumamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"nominative",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"genitive",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaimme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"rare"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"partitive",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"partitive",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumassamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"inessive",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumissamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"inessive",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumastamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumistamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"illative",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiimme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"illative",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumallamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"first-person",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumillamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"first-person",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaltamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiltamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumallemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumillemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumanamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"first-person",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruminamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"first-person",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rumattamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"first-person",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "rumittamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"first-person",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"instructive",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruminemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"plural-possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-koira",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rumanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumienne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumainne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"rare",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumianne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumassanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumissanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumastanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumistanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiinne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumallanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumillanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaltanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiltanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumallenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumillenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumananne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruminanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rumattanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumittanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruminenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural",
"plural-possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-koira",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rumansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumainsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessive",
"rare",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumassaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumassansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumissaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumissansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumastaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumastansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumistaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumistansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiinsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumallaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumallansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumillaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumillansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaltaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaltansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiltaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiltansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumalleen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumallensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumilleen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumillensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumanaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumanansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruminaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruminansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumakseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rumaksensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rumikseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rumiksensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rumattaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumattansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumittaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumittansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rumineen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruminensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rum",
"2": "empi",
"3": "in"
},
"expansion": "ruma (comparative rumempi, superlative rumin)",
"name": "fi-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rum",
"2": "",
"3": "",
"4": "a",
"pos": "adj"
},
"name": "fi-decl-koira"
}
],
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "kaunis"
}
],
"categories": [
"Finnish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
23,
30
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
18,
22
]
],
"english": "I think I look so ugly with this hairstyle that I don't want to go outside without a hat.",
"text": "Näytän mielestäni niin rumalta tällä kampauksella, että en halua mennä ulos ilman hattua.",
"translation": "I think I look so ugly with this hairstyle that I don't want to go outside without a hat.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
27,
32
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
26,
30
]
],
"english": "The corncrake has such an ugly croak that it almost sounds beautiful.",
"text": "Ruisrääkän rääkynä on niin rumaa, että se kuulostaa melkein kauniilta.",
"translation": "The corncrake has such an ugly croak that it almost sounds beautiful.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ugly (displeasing to the eye or ear)"
],
"links": [
[
"ugly",
"ugly"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "epäesteettinen"
},
{
"word": "pahannäköinen"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Finnish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
16,
21
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
12,
17
]
],
"english": "He played a dirty trick on us.",
"text": "Hän teki meille ruman tempun.",
"translation": "He played a dirty trick on us.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ugly, dirty (offensive to one's sensibilities or morality)"
],
"links": [
[
"ugly",
"ugly"
],
[
"dirty",
"dirty"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "moraaliton"
},
{
"word": "ikävä"
},
{
"word": "ilkeä"
},
{
"word": "kelju"
},
{
"word": "kurja"
},
{
"word": "paha"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Finnish terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"english": "dirty word",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "ruma sana",
"translation": "dirty word",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dirty, foul (of a word or language in general: something considered vulgar)"
],
"links": [
[
"dirty",
"dirty"
],
[
"foul",
"foul"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈrumɑ/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈrumɑ̝]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-umɑ"
}
],
"word": "ruma"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ruma meaning in Finnish (27.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Finnish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.