"-ka" meaning in Finnish

See -ka in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Particle

Forms: -kä [front-vowel]
Etymology: From Proto-Finnic *-ka, from Proto-Uralic *-ka. Originally probably an emphatic particle. Etymology templates: {{inh|fi|urj-fin-pro|*-ka|id=particle}} Proto-Finnic *-ka, {{inh|fi|urj-pro|*-ka}} Proto-Uralic *-ka Head templates: {{head|fi|particle|front vowel harmony variant|-kä|linguistic notation|-kA|cat2=clitics|cat3=coordinating conjunctions|f2nolink=1|head=}} -ka (front vowel harmony variant -kä, linguistic notation -kA), {{fi-clitic|cat2=coordinating conjunctions|var=kä}} -ka (front vowel harmony variant -kä, linguistic notation -kA)
  1. (non-productive) Used for emphasis or for prosodic purposes Tags: enclitic, particle
    Sense id: en--ka-fi-particle-tfJYRzD4 Categories (other): Pages using lite templates, Finnish clitics, Finnish entries with incorrect language header, Finnish particles Disambiguation of Finnish clitics: 47 53 Disambiguation of Finnish entries with incorrect language header: 47 53 Disambiguation of Finnish particles: 49 51
  2. (non-productive) Used for emphasis or for prosodic purposes
    (non-productive) Extends monosyllabic stems to avoid words with only a single light syllable.     Tags: enclitic, particle
    Sense id: en--ka-fi-particle-TkU-SC1i Categories (other): Pages using lite templates, Finnish clitics, Finnish entries with incorrect language header, Finnish particles Disambiguation of Finnish clitics: 47 53 Disambiguation of Finnish entries with incorrect language header: 47 53 Disambiguation of Finnish particles: 49 51
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: eikä (english: the most common usage of this clitic), -kalainen

Alternative forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "the most common usage of this clitic",
      "word": "eikä"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-kalainen"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "2": "urj-fin-pro",
        "3": "*-ka",
        "id": "particle"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-ka",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "2": "urj-pro",
        "3": "*-ka"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-ka",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-ka, from Proto-Uralic *-ka. Originally probably an emphatic particle.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-kä",
      "tags": [
        "front-vowel"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "2": "particle",
        "3": "front vowel harmony variant",
        "4": "-kä",
        "5": "linguistic notation",
        "6": "-kA",
        "cat2": "clitics",
        "cat3": "coordinating conjunctions",
        "f2nolink": "1",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-ka (front vowel harmony variant -kä, linguistic notation -kA)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "cat2": "coordinating conjunctions",
        "var": "kä"
      },
      "expansion": "-ka (front vowel harmony variant -kä, linguistic notation -kA)",
      "name": "fi-clitic"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Finnish",
  "lang_code": "fi",
  "pos": "particle",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using lite templates",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "47 53",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Finnish clitics",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "47 53",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "49 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Finnish particles",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "ei → eikä"
        },
        {
          "text": "saati → saatikka"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used for emphasis or for prosodic purposes"
      ],
      "id": "en--ka-fi-particle-tfJYRzD4",
      "qualifier": "non-productive",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(non-productive) Used for emphasis or for prosodic purposes"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "enclitic",
        "particle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using lite templates",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "47 53",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Finnish clitics",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "47 53",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "49 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Finnish particles",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "jo- → joka, ku- → kuka, mi- → mikä"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used for emphasis or for prosodic purposes",
        "Extends monosyllabic stems to avoid words with only a single light syllable."
      ],
      "id": "en--ka-fi-particle-TkU-SC1i",
      "qualifier": "non-productive",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(non-productive) Used for emphasis or for prosodic purposes",
        "(non-productive) Extends monosyllabic stems to avoid words with only a single light syllable."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "enclitic",
        "particle"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ka"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Finnish clitics",
    "Finnish coordinating conjunctions",
    "Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Finnish lemmas",
    "Finnish particles",
    "Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
    "Finnish terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
    "Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finnic",
    "Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Uralic",
    "Pages with 20 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "the most common usage of this clitic",
      "word": "eikä"
    },
    {
      "word": "-kalainen"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "2": "urj-fin-pro",
        "3": "*-ka",
        "id": "particle"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-ka",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "2": "urj-pro",
        "3": "*-ka"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-ka",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-ka, from Proto-Uralic *-ka. Originally probably an emphatic particle.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-kä",
      "tags": [
        "front-vowel"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "2": "particle",
        "3": "front vowel harmony variant",
        "4": "-kä",
        "5": "linguistic notation",
        "6": "-kA",
        "cat2": "clitics",
        "cat3": "coordinating conjunctions",
        "f2nolink": "1",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-ka (front vowel harmony variant -kä, linguistic notation -kA)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "cat2": "coordinating conjunctions",
        "var": "kä"
      },
      "expansion": "-ka (front vowel harmony variant -kä, linguistic notation -kA)",
      "name": "fi-clitic"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Finnish",
  "lang_code": "fi",
  "pos": "particle",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages using lite templates"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "ei → eikä"
        },
        {
          "text": "saati → saatikka"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used for emphasis or for prosodic purposes"
      ],
      "qualifier": "non-productive",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(non-productive) Used for emphasis or for prosodic purposes"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "enclitic",
        "particle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages using lite templates"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "jo- → joka, ku- → kuka, mi- → mikä"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used for emphasis or for prosodic purposes",
        "Extends monosyllabic stems to avoid words with only a single light syllable."
      ],
      "qualifier": "non-productive",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(non-productive) Used for emphasis or for prosodic purposes",
        "(non-productive) Extends monosyllabic stems to avoid words with only a single light syllable."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "enclitic",
        "particle"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ka"
}

Download raw JSONL data for -ka meaning in Finnish (2.3kB)

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
  "msg": "unrecognized head form: linguistic notation -kA",
  "path": [
    "-ka"
  ],
  "section": "Finnish",
  "subsection": "particle",
  "title": "-ka",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Finnish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.