See kalju in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*kallijo"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *kallijo",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hallijǭ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hallijǭ",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "häll"
},
"expansion": "Swedish häll",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hella"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hella",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "kallio"
},
"expansion": "Finnish kallio",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *kallijo, from Proto-Germanic *hallijǭ. Compare Swedish häll and Old Norse hella. Cognate to Finnish kallio.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kalju",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljut",
"tags": [
"partitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "et-decl-pere",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "16/pere",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kalju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljud",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljud",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljud",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljude",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljut",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljusid",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljusse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljudesse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljudes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljust",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljudest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljudele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljudel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljult",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljudelt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljuks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljudeks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljuni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljudeni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljuna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljudena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljuta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljudeta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljuga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljudega",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"10": "",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "genitive",
"4": "kalju",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "partitive",
"8": "kaljut",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"f1accel-form": "gen|s",
"f1request": "1",
"f2accel-form": "gen|s",
"f3accel-form": "par|s",
"f3request": "1",
"f4accel-form": "par|s",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "kalju (genitive kalju, partitive kaljut)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kalju",
"2": "kaljut"
},
"expansion": "kalju (genitive kalju, partitive kaljut)",
"name": "et-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kalju"
},
"name": "et-decl-pere"
}
],
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Estonian pere-type nominals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "et",
"name": "Landforms",
"orig": "et:Landforms",
"parents": [
"Earth",
"Places",
"Nature",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "rock dove",
"word": "kaljutuvi"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cliff, rock"
],
"id": "en-kalju-et-noun-o-TvdSFO",
"links": [
[
"cliff",
"cliff"
],
[
"rock",
"rock"
]
]
}
],
"word": "kalju"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "kalju",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 91",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Estonian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "et",
"name": "Landforms",
"orig": "et:Landforms",
"parents": [
"Earth",
"Places",
"Nature",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "kali"
}
],
"glosses": [
"partitive plural of kali"
],
"id": "en-kalju-et-noun-R2Tw56Q-",
"links": [
[
"kali",
"kali#Estonian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"partitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "kalju"
}
{
"categories": [
"Estonian entries with incorrect language header",
"Estonian lemmas",
"Estonian non-lemma forms",
"Estonian noun forms",
"Estonian nouns",
"Estonian pere-type nominals",
"Estonian terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
"Estonian terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Estonian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"et:Landforms"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "rock dove",
"word": "kaljutuvi"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*kallijo"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *kallijo",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hallijǭ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hallijǭ",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "häll"
},
"expansion": "Swedish häll",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hella"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hella",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "kallio"
},
"expansion": "Finnish kallio",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *kallijo, from Proto-Germanic *hallijǭ. Compare Swedish häll and Old Norse hella. Cognate to Finnish kallio.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kalju",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljut",
"tags": [
"partitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "et-decl-pere",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "16/pere",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kalju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljud",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljud",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljud",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljude",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljut",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljusid",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljusse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljudesse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljudes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljust",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljudest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljudele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljudel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljult",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljudelt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljuks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljudeks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljuni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljudeni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljuna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljudena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljuta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljudeta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljuga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaljudega",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"10": "",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "genitive",
"4": "kalju",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "partitive",
"8": "kaljut",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"f1accel-form": "gen|s",
"f1request": "1",
"f2accel-form": "gen|s",
"f3accel-form": "par|s",
"f3request": "1",
"f4accel-form": "par|s",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "kalju (genitive kalju, partitive kaljut)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kalju",
"2": "kaljut"
},
"expansion": "kalju (genitive kalju, partitive kaljut)",
"name": "et-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kalju"
},
"name": "et-decl-pere"
}
],
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"cliff, rock"
],
"links": [
[
"cliff",
"cliff"
],
[
"rock",
"rock"
]
]
}
],
"word": "kalju"
}
{
"categories": [
"Estonian entries with incorrect language header",
"Estonian non-lemma forms",
"Estonian noun forms",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"et:Landforms"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "kalju",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "kali"
}
],
"glosses": [
"partitive plural of kali"
],
"links": [
[
"kali",
"kali#Estonian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"partitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "kalju"
}
Download raw JSONL data for kalju meaning in Estonian (5.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Estonian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-21 using wiktextract (fef8596 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.