See külm in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "külmkapp"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "külm sõda"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*külmä"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *külmä",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "kylmä"
},
"expansion": "Finnish kylmä",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sjt",
"2": "kallm"
},
"expansion": "Ter Sami kallm",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *külmä. Cognates include Finnish kylmä and Ter Sami kallm.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "külma",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "külma",
"tags": [
"partitive"
]
},
{
"form": "külmem",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "kõige külmem",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "et-decl-külm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "length gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "22i/külm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "külm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "külmad",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "külm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "külmad",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "külma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "külmad",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "külma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "külmade",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "külma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "külmi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "külmasid",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "külma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "külmasse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "külmadesse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "külmisse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "külmas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "külmades",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "külmis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "külmast",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "külmadest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "külmist",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "külmale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "külmadele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "külmile",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "külmal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "külmadel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "külmil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "külmalt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "külmadelt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "külmilt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "külmaks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "külmadeks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "külmiks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "külmani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "külmadeni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "külmana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "külmadena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "külmata",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "külmadeta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "külmaga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "külmadega",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"10": "",
"11": "comparative",
"12": "külmem",
"13": "superlative",
"14": "kõige külmem",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
"18": "",
"19": "",
"2": "adjectives",
"3": "genitive",
"4": "külma",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "partitive",
"8": "külma",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"f1accel-form": "gen|s",
"f1request": "1",
"f2accel-form": "gen|s",
"f3accel-form": "par|s",
"f3request": "1",
"f4accel-form": "par|s",
"f5accel-form": "comparative",
"f6accel-form": "superlative",
"f6nolink": "1",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "külm (genitive külma, partitive külma, comparative külmem, superlative kõige külmem)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "külma",
"2": "külma",
"c": "külmem"
},
"expansion": "külm (genitive külma, partitive külma, comparative külmem, superlative kõige külmem)",
"name": "et-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"külm"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "külm",
"2": "",
"3": "",
"4": "a"
},
"name": "et-decl-külm"
}
],
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Today is a cold day.",
"text": "Täna on külm päev.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cold (with low temperature, little heat or no heat at all)"
],
"id": "en-külm-et-adj-l9qrLauO",
"links": [
[
"cold",
"cold"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"reasonable, practical, considerate"
],
"id": "en-külm-et-adj-FMBZt7vv",
"links": [
[
"reasonable",
"reasonable"
],
[
"practical",
"practical"
],
[
"considerate",
"considerate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) reasonable, practical, considerate"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 25 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Estonian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 24 67",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Estonian külm-type nominals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 23 74",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 15 83",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"without cordiality or warmth, unfeeling or indifferent"
],
"id": "en-külm-et-adj-vvSNPX3t",
"links": [
[
"cordiality",
"cordiality"
],
[
"warmth",
"warmth"
],
[
"unfeeling",
"unfeeling"
],
[
"indifferent",
"indifferent"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) without cordiality or warmth, unfeeling or indifferent"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkylʲm/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkylʲm]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ylʲm"
}
],
"word": "külm"
}
{
"categories": [
"Estonian adjectives",
"Estonian entries with incorrect language header",
"Estonian külm-type nominals",
"Estonian lemmas",
"Estonian terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
"Estonian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic",
"Estonian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Estonian/ylʲm",
"Rhymes:Estonian/ylʲm/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "külmkapp"
},
{
"word": "külm sõda"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*külmä"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *külmä",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "kylmä"
},
"expansion": "Finnish kylmä",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sjt",
"2": "kallm"
},
"expansion": "Ter Sami kallm",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *külmä. Cognates include Finnish kylmä and Ter Sami kallm.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "külma",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "külma",
"tags": [
"partitive"
]
},
{
"form": "külmem",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "kõige külmem",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "et-decl-külm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "length gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "22i/külm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "külm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "külmad",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "külm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "külmad",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "külma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "külmad",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "külma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "külmade",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "külma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "külmi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "külmasid",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "külma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "külmasse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "külmadesse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "külmisse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "külmas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "külmades",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "külmis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "külmast",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "külmadest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "külmist",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "külmale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "külmadele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "külmile",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "külmal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "külmadel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "külmil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "külmalt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "külmadelt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "külmilt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "külmaks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "külmadeks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "külmiks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "külmani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "külmadeni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "külmana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "külmadena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "külmata",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "külmadeta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "külmaga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "külmadega",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"10": "",
"11": "comparative",
"12": "külmem",
"13": "superlative",
"14": "kõige külmem",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
"18": "",
"19": "",
"2": "adjectives",
"3": "genitive",
"4": "külma",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "partitive",
"8": "külma",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"f1accel-form": "gen|s",
"f1request": "1",
"f2accel-form": "gen|s",
"f3accel-form": "par|s",
"f3request": "1",
"f4accel-form": "par|s",
"f5accel-form": "comparative",
"f6accel-form": "superlative",
"f6nolink": "1",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "külm (genitive külma, partitive külma, comparative külmem, superlative kõige külmem)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "külma",
"2": "külma",
"c": "külmem"
},
"expansion": "külm (genitive külma, partitive külma, comparative külmem, superlative kõige külmem)",
"name": "et-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"külm"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "külm",
"2": "",
"3": "",
"4": "a"
},
"name": "et-decl-külm"
}
],
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Estonian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Today is a cold day.",
"text": "Täna on külm päev.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cold (with low temperature, little heat or no heat at all)"
],
"links": [
[
"cold",
"cold"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"reasonable, practical, considerate"
],
"links": [
[
"reasonable",
"reasonable"
],
[
"practical",
"practical"
],
[
"considerate",
"considerate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) reasonable, practical, considerate"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"without cordiality or warmth, unfeeling or indifferent"
],
"links": [
[
"cordiality",
"cordiality"
],
[
"warmth",
"warmth"
],
[
"unfeeling",
"unfeeling"
],
[
"indifferent",
"indifferent"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) without cordiality or warmth, unfeeling or indifferent"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkylʲm/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkylʲm]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ylʲm"
}
],
"word": "külm"
}
Download raw JSONL data for külm meaning in Estonian (6.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Estonian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (f889f65 and 8fbd9e8). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.