See -tuma in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-tudak"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-tudak",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-tua"
},
"expansion": "Finnish -tua",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-tudak. Cognate with Finnish -tua.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-tuda",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"infinitive-da"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "et-conj-elama",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "27/elama",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-tun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"positive",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"negative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "olen -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"positive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ei ole -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"negative",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pole -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"negative",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"positive",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"negative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "oled -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"perfect",
"positive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ei ole -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"negative",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pole -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"negative",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tub",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"positive",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"negative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "on -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"perfect",
"positive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ei ole -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"negative",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pole -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"negative",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tume",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"positive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"negative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "oleme -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "ei ole -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"negative",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pole -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"negative",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-tute",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"positive",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"negative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "olete -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"positive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ei ole -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"negative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pole -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"negative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tuvad",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"positive",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"negative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "on -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"positive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ei ole -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"negative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pole -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"negative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tutakse",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"indicative",
"positive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tuta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"indicative",
"negative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "on -tutud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "ei ole -tutud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"indicative",
"negative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "pole -tutud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"indicative",
"negative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "-tusin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"positive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"negative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "olin -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"positive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ei olnud -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"negative",
"pluperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "polnud -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"negative",
"pluperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tusid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"positive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"negative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "olid -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"positive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ei olnud -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"negative",
"pluperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "polnud -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"negative",
"pluperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tus",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"positive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"negative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "oli -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"positive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ei olnud -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"negative",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "polnud -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"negative",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tusime",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"negative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "olime -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "ei olnud -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"negative",
"pluperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "polnud -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"negative",
"pluperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-tusite",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"positive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"negative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "olite -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"positive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ei olnud -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"negative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "polnud -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"negative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tusid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"positive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"negative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "oli -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"positive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ei olnud -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"negative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "polnud -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"negative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tuti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"indicative",
"past",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tutud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"indicative",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "oli -tutud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "ei olnud -tutud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"indicative",
"negative",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "polnud -tutud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"indicative",
"negative",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "-tuksin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"positive",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tuks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"negative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tunuksin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"perfect",
"positive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "oleksin -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"perfect",
"positive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tunuks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"negative",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ei oleks -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"negative",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "poleks -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"negative",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tuksid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"positive",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tuks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tunuksid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"perfect",
"positive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "oleksid -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"perfect",
"positive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tunuks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ei oleks -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "poleks -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tuks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"positive",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tuks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tunuks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"perfect",
"positive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "oleks -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"perfect",
"positive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tunuks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ei oleks -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "poleks -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tuksime",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"plural",
"positive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tuks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"negative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-tunuksime",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"perfect",
"plural",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "oleksime -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"perfect",
"plural",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tunuks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"negative",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ei oleks -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"negative",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "poleks -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"negative",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-tuksite",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"positive",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tuks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tunuksite",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"perfect",
"plural",
"positive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "oleksite -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"perfect",
"plural",
"positive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tunuks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ei oleks -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "poleks -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tuksid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"positive",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tuks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tunuksid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"perfect",
"plural",
"positive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "oleksid -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"perfect",
"plural",
"positive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tunuks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ei oleks -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "poleks -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tutaks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"impersonal",
"positive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tutaks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"impersonal",
"negative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "oleks -tutud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"impersonal",
"perfect",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "ei oleks -tutud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"impersonal",
"negative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "poleks -tutud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"impersonal",
"negative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"positive",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"negative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"perfect",
"positive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"negative",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"positive",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ära -tu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ole -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"perfect",
"positive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ära ole -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tugu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"positive",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ärgu -tugu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "olgu -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"perfect",
"positive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ärgu olgu -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tugem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural",
"positive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ärme -tume",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ärme -tu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ärgem -tugem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "olgem -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "ärme oleme -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"negative",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ärme ole -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"negative",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ärgem olgem -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"negative",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-tuge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"positive",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ärge -tuge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "olge -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"positive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ärge olge -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tugu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"positive",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ärgu -tugu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "olgu -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"positive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ärgu olgu -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tutagu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"impersonal",
"positive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ärgu -tutagu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"impersonal",
"negative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "olgu -tutud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"impersonal",
"perfect",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "ärgu olgu -tutud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"impersonal",
"negative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "-tuvat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"positive",
"present",
"quotative"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tuvat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"negative",
"present",
"quotative"
]
},
{
"form": "olevat -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect",
"positive",
"quotative"
]
},
{
"form": "ei olevat -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"negative",
"perfect",
"quotative"
]
},
{
"form": "polevat -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"negative",
"perfect",
"quotative"
]
},
{
"form": "-tutavat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"positive",
"present",
"quotative"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tutavat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative",
"passive",
"present",
"quotative"
]
},
{
"form": "olevat -tutud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"perfect",
"positive",
"quotative"
]
},
{
"form": "ei olevat -tutud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative",
"passive",
"perfect",
"quotative"
]
},
{
"form": "polevat -tutud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative",
"passive",
"perfect",
"quotative"
]
},
{
"form": "-tuma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"infinitive",
"infinitive-ma",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-tutama",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"infinitive-ma",
"nominative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-tuda",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "olla -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-tuma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"illative",
"infinitive",
"infinitive-ma"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"infinitive",
"infinitive-ma",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-tudes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "olles -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-tumas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"inessive",
"infinitive",
"infinitive-ma"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"infinitive",
"infinitive-ma",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-tumast",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"elative",
"infinitive",
"infinitive-ma"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"infinitive",
"infinitive-ma",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-tuv",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-tutav",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-tumaks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"infinitive",
"infinitive-ma",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"infinitive-ma",
"passive",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-tutud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-tumata",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"active",
"infinitive",
"infinitive-ma"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"infinitive",
"infinitive-ma",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-tumatu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"negative",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative",
"participle",
"passive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "suffixes",
"3": "da-infinitive",
"4": "-tuda",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"cat2": "verb-forming suffixes",
"f1accel-form": "da-infinitive",
"f1request": "1",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-tuma (da-infinitive -tuda)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-tuda",
"suff": "1"
},
"expansion": "-tuma (da-infinitive -tuda)",
"name": "et-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-tu"
},
"name": "et-conj-elama"
}
],
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Estonian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "jää (“ice”) + -tuma → jäätuma (“freeze (over)”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "käima (“go”) + -tuma → käituma (“behave”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "käima (“go”) + -tuma → käivituma (“be triggered, started”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "muu (“other”) + -tuma → muutuma (“change”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "täis (“full”) + -tuma → täituma (“fill (up)”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms inchoative, passive and middle intransitive verbs meaning \"becoming\" or \"making into\".; -en, -fy"
],
"id": "en--tuma-et-suffix-d6y4DGby",
"links": [
[
"inchoative",
"inchoative#English"
],
[
"passive",
"passive#English"
],
[
"middle",
"middle#English"
],
[
"-en",
"-en#English"
],
[
"-fy",
"-fy#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-tuma"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-tudak"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-tudak",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-tua"
},
"expansion": "Finnish -tua",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-tudak. Cognate with Finnish -tua.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-tuda",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"infinitive-da"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "et-conj-elama",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "27/elama",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-tun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"positive",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"negative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "olen -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"positive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ei ole -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"negative",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pole -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"negative",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"positive",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"negative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "oled -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"perfect",
"positive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ei ole -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"negative",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pole -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"negative",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tub",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"positive",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"negative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "on -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"perfect",
"positive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ei ole -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"negative",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pole -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"negative",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tume",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"positive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"negative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "oleme -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "ei ole -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"negative",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pole -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"negative",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-tute",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"positive",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"negative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "olete -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"positive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ei ole -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"negative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pole -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"negative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tuvad",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"positive",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"negative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "on -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"positive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ei ole -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"negative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pole -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"negative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tutakse",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"indicative",
"positive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tuta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"indicative",
"negative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "on -tutud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "ei ole -tutud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"indicative",
"negative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "pole -tutud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"indicative",
"negative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "-tusin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"positive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"negative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "olin -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"positive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ei olnud -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"negative",
"pluperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "polnud -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"negative",
"pluperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tusid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"positive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"negative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "olid -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"positive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ei olnud -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"negative",
"pluperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "polnud -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"negative",
"pluperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tus",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"positive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"negative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "oli -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"positive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ei olnud -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"negative",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "polnud -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"negative",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tusime",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"negative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "olime -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "ei olnud -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"negative",
"pluperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "polnud -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"negative",
"pluperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-tusite",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"positive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"negative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "olite -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"positive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ei olnud -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"negative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "polnud -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"negative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tusid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"positive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"negative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "oli -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"positive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ei olnud -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"negative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "polnud -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"negative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tuti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"indicative",
"past",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tutud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"indicative",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "oli -tutud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "ei olnud -tutud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"indicative",
"negative",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "polnud -tutud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"indicative",
"negative",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "-tuksin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"positive",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tuks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"negative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tunuksin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"perfect",
"positive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "oleksin -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"perfect",
"positive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tunuks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"negative",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ei oleks -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"negative",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "poleks -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"negative",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tuksid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"positive",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tuks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tunuksid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"perfect",
"positive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "oleksid -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"perfect",
"positive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tunuks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ei oleks -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "poleks -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tuks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"positive",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tuks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tunuks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"perfect",
"positive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "oleks -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"perfect",
"positive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tunuks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ei oleks -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "poleks -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tuksime",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"plural",
"positive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tuks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"negative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-tunuksime",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"perfect",
"plural",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "oleksime -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"perfect",
"plural",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tunuks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"negative",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ei oleks -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"negative",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "poleks -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"negative",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-tuksite",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"positive",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tuks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tunuksite",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"perfect",
"plural",
"positive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "oleksite -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"perfect",
"plural",
"positive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tunuks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ei oleks -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "poleks -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tuksid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"positive",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tuks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tunuksid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"perfect",
"plural",
"positive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "oleksid -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"perfect",
"plural",
"positive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tunuks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ei oleks -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "poleks -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tutaks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"impersonal",
"positive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tutaks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"impersonal",
"negative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "oleks -tutud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"impersonal",
"perfect",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "ei oleks -tutud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"impersonal",
"negative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "poleks -tutud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"impersonal",
"negative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"positive",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"negative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"perfect",
"positive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"negative",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"positive",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ära -tu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ole -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"perfect",
"positive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ära ole -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tugu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"positive",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ärgu -tugu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "olgu -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"perfect",
"positive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ärgu olgu -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tugem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural",
"positive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ärme -tume",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ärme -tu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ärgem -tugem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "olgem -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "ärme oleme -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"negative",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ärme ole -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"negative",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ärgem olgem -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"negative",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-tuge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"positive",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ärge -tuge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "olge -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"positive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ärge olge -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tugu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"positive",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ärgu -tugu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "olgu -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"positive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ärgu olgu -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tutagu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"impersonal",
"positive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ärgu -tutagu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"impersonal",
"negative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "olgu -tutud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"impersonal",
"perfect",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "ärgu olgu -tutud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"impersonal",
"negative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "-tuvat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"positive",
"present",
"quotative"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tuvat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"negative",
"present",
"quotative"
]
},
{
"form": "olevat -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect",
"positive",
"quotative"
]
},
{
"form": "ei olevat -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"negative",
"perfect",
"quotative"
]
},
{
"form": "polevat -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"negative",
"perfect",
"quotative"
]
},
{
"form": "-tutavat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"positive",
"present",
"quotative"
]
},
{
"form": "ei -tutavat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative",
"passive",
"present",
"quotative"
]
},
{
"form": "olevat -tutud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"perfect",
"positive",
"quotative"
]
},
{
"form": "ei olevat -tutud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative",
"passive",
"perfect",
"quotative"
]
},
{
"form": "polevat -tutud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative",
"passive",
"perfect",
"quotative"
]
},
{
"form": "-tuma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"infinitive",
"infinitive-ma",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-tutama",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"infinitive-ma",
"nominative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-tuda",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "olla -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-tuma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"illative",
"infinitive",
"infinitive-ma"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"infinitive",
"infinitive-ma",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-tudes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "olles -tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-tumas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"inessive",
"infinitive",
"infinitive-ma"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"infinitive",
"infinitive-ma",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-tumast",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"elative",
"infinitive",
"infinitive-ma"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"infinitive",
"infinitive-ma",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-tuv",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-tutav",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-tumaks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"infinitive",
"infinitive-ma",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"infinitive-ma",
"passive",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-tunud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-tutud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-tumata",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"active",
"infinitive",
"infinitive-ma"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"infinitive",
"infinitive-ma",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-tumatu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"negative",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative",
"participle",
"passive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "suffixes",
"3": "da-infinitive",
"4": "-tuda",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"cat2": "verb-forming suffixes",
"f1accel-form": "da-infinitive",
"f1request": "1",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-tuma (da-infinitive -tuda)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-tuda",
"suff": "1"
},
"expansion": "-tuma (da-infinitive -tuda)",
"name": "et-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-tu"
},
"name": "et-conj-elama"
}
],
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Estonian elama-type verbs",
"Estonian entries with incorrect language header",
"Estonian lemmas",
"Estonian suffixes",
"Estonian terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
"Estonian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic",
"Estonian verb-forming suffixes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "jää (“ice”) + -tuma → jäätuma (“freeze (over)”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "käima (“go”) + -tuma → käituma (“behave”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "käima (“go”) + -tuma → käivituma (“be triggered, started”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "muu (“other”) + -tuma → muutuma (“change”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "täis (“full”) + -tuma → täituma (“fill (up)”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms inchoative, passive and middle intransitive verbs meaning \"becoming\" or \"making into\".; -en, -fy"
],
"links": [
[
"inchoative",
"inchoative#English"
],
[
"passive",
"passive#English"
],
[
"middle",
"middle#English"
],
[
"-en",
"-en#English"
],
[
"-fy",
"-fy#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-tuma"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -tuma meaning in Estonian (23.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Estonian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.