"victimize" meaning in English

See victimize in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /ˈvɪktɪmaɪz/ Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-victimize.wav [Southern-England] Forms: victimizes [present, singular, third-person], victimizing [participle, present], victimized [participle, past], victimized [past], victimise [alternative]
Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *weyk-der. Latin victima Middle French victimebor. English victim Proto-Indo-European *-id- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti Proto-Hellenic *-íd͏̌d͏̌ō Ancient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)bor. Late Latin -izōder. Middle French -iserbor. Middle English -isen English -ize English victimize From victim + -ize. Etymology templates: {{ety|en|:af|victim|-ize|text=+|tree=1}} Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *weyk-der. Latin victima Middle French victimebor. English victim Proto-Indo-European *-id- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti Proto-Hellenic *-íd͏̌d͏̌ō Ancient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)bor. Late Latin -izōder. Middle French -iserbor. Middle English -isen English -ize English victimize [Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "separate", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*weyk-", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "victima", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Middle French", "term" : "victime", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "frm" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "victim", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "en" }, { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "bor.", "keyword_label" : "Borrowed from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "bor.", "keyword_label" : "Borrowed from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "verbal", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-id-", "status" : "missing", "lang" : "ine-pro" }, { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-yéti", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-idyéti", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Hellenic", "term" : "*-íďďō", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "grk-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Ancient Greek", "term" : "-ῐ́ζω", "lang" : "grc" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "lang_name" : "Late Latin", "term" : "-izō", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "la-lat" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Middle French", "term" : "-iser", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "frm" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "lang_name" : "Middle English", "term" : "-isen", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "enm" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "-ize", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "en" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "victimize", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "en" }" data-lang="en" data-title="victimize"> From victim + -ize. Head templates: {{en-verb}} victimize (third-person singular simple present victimizes, present participle victimizing, simple past and past participle victimized)
  1. (transitive) To make (someone) a victim or sacrifice. Tags: transitive Translations (to make someone a victim or sacrifice): жертвам (žertvam) (Bulgarian), victimitzar (Catalan), victimiser (French), victimer (French), vitimizar (Galician), მსხვერპლად ქცევა (msxverṗlad kceva) (Georgian), მსხვერპლად შეწირვა (msxverṗlad šec̣irva) (Georgian), viktimisieren (German), zum Opfer machen (German), opfern (German), vittimizzare (Italian), victimizō (Latin), victimō (Latin), hawene (Māori), poświęcać w ofierze [imperfective] (Polish), poświęcić w ofierze [perfective] (Polish), vitimar (Portuguese), vitimizar (Portuguese), viktimizirati (Serbo-Croatian), victimizar (Spanish)
    Sense id: en-victimize-en-verb-ATaGDEKR Categories (other): English entries referencing pages with etymology sections missing etymons, English entries with etymology texts, English entries with etymology trees, English entries with etymon, English entries with incorrect language header, English terms suffixed with -ize, Entries with translation boxes, Pages using etymon with no ID, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Pages with etymology trees, Pages with etymon, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with Catalan translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with Galician translations, Terms with Georgian translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Latin translations, Terms with Māori translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations, Terms with Spanish translations Disambiguation of English entries referencing pages with etymology sections missing etymons: 41 27 32 Disambiguation of English entries with etymology texts: 40 27 32 Disambiguation of English entries with etymology trees: 40 27 32 Disambiguation of English entries with etymon: 39 28 33 Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 49 24 27 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -ize: 42 27 32 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 51 23 27 Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 56 20 24 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 54 21 25 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 69 14 17 Disambiguation of Pages with etymology trees: 68 15 17 Disambiguation of Pages with etymon: 71 13 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Bulgarian translations: 72 12 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Catalan translations: 69 13 18 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 61 18 20 Disambiguation of Terms with Galician translations: 69 13 18 Disambiguation of Terms with Georgian translations: 71 12 16 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 69 13 18 Disambiguation of Terms with Italian translations: 69 14 17 Disambiguation of Terms with Latin translations: 69 14 17 Disambiguation of Terms with Māori translations: 68 15 18 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 60 18 22 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 71 12 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations: 70 13 17 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 72 13 15 Disambiguation of 'to make someone a victim or sacrifice': 97 1 2
  2. (transitive) To punish unjustly. Tags: transitive Translations (to punish someone unjustly): измъчвам (izmăčvam) (Bulgarian), schikanieren (German), ungerecht behandeln (German), ungerechterweise bestrafen (German), prześladować [imperfective] (Polish), represjonować [imperfective] (Polish), injustiçar (Portuguese)
    Sense id: en-victimize-en-verb-PzBbchJB Categories (other): English entries with etymon Disambiguation of English entries with etymon: 39 28 33 Disambiguation of 'to punish someone unjustly': 1 96 3
  3. (transitive) To swindle or defraud. Tags: transitive Translations (to defraud): oszukiwać [imperfective] (Polish), oszukać [perfective] (Polish), sprzeniewierzać [imperfective] (Polish), sprzeniewierzyć [perfective] (Polish), defraudować [imperfective] (Polish), zdefraudować [perfective] (Polish), wyłudzać [imperfective] (Polish), wyłudzić [perfective] (Polish), szwindlować [imperfective] (Polish)
    Sense id: en-victimize-en-verb-pXtbdwIf Categories (other): English entries with etymon Disambiguation of English entries with etymon: 39 28 33 Disambiguation of 'to defraud': 2 3 95
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: cybervictimize, devictimize, nonvictimizingn, revictimize, self-victimize, victimizable, victimization, victimizer

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "cybervictimize"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "devictimize"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "nonvictimizingn"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "revictimize"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "self-victimize"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "victimizable"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "victimization"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "victimizer"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":af",
        "3": "victim",
        "4": "-ize",
        "text": "+",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *weyk-der.\nLatin victima\nMiddle French victimebor.\nEnglish victim\nProto-Indo-European *-id-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-idyéti\nProto-Hellenic *-íd͏̌d͏̌ō\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)bor.\nLate Latin -izōder.\nMiddle French -iserbor.\nMiddle English -isen\nEnglish -ize\nEnglish victimize\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"separate\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*weyk-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"victima\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle French\", \"term\" : \"victime\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"frm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"victim\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-id-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-idyéti\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*-íďďō\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ῐ́ζω\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Late Latin\", \"term\" : \"-izō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-lat\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle French\", \"term\" : \"-iser\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"frm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-isen\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ize\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"victimize\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"victimize\">\nFrom victim + -ize.",
      "name": "ety"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *weyk-der.\nLatin victima\nMiddle French victimebor.\nEnglish victim\nProto-Indo-European *-id-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-idyéti\nProto-Hellenic *-íd͏̌d͏̌ō\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)bor.\nLate Latin -izōder.\nMiddle French -iserbor.\nMiddle English -isen\nEnglish -ize\nEnglish victimize\nFrom victim + -ize.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "victimizes",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "victimizing",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "victimized",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "victimized",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "victimise",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "victimize (third-person singular simple present victimizes, present participle victimizing, simple past and past participle victimized)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
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          "_dis": "41 27 32",
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          "name": "English entries referencing pages with etymology sections missing etymons",
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      "glosses": [
        "To make (someone) a victim or sacrifice."
      ],
      "id": "en-victimize-en-verb-ATaGDEKR",
      "links": [
        [
          "victim",
          "victim"
        ],
        [
          "sacrifice",
          "sacrifice"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To make (someone) a victim or sacrifice."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "97 1 2",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "lang_code": "bg",
          "roman": "žertvam",
          "sense": "to make someone a victim or sacrifice",
          "word": "жертвам"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "97 1 2",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "lang_code": "ca",
          "sense": "to make someone a victim or sacrifice",
          "word": "victimitzar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "97 1 2",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "lang_code": "fr",
          "sense": "to make someone a victim or sacrifice",
          "word": "victimiser"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "97 1 2",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "lang_code": "fr",
          "sense": "to make someone a victim or sacrifice",
          "word": "victimer"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "97 1 2",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "lang_code": "gl",
          "sense": "to make someone a victim or sacrifice",
          "word": "vitimizar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "97 1 2",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "lang_code": "ka",
          "roman": "msxverṗlad kceva",
          "sense": "to make someone a victim or sacrifice",
          "word": "მსხვერპლად ქცევა"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "97 1 2",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "lang_code": "ka",
          "roman": "msxverṗlad šec̣irva",
          "sense": "to make someone a victim or sacrifice",
          "word": "მსხვერპლად შეწირვა"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "97 1 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "lang_code": "de",
          "sense": "to make someone a victim or sacrifice",
          "word": "viktimisieren"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "97 1 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "lang_code": "de",
          "sense": "to make someone a victim or sacrifice",
          "word": "zum Opfer machen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "97 1 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "lang_code": "de",
          "sense": "to make someone a victim or sacrifice",
          "word": "opfern"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "97 1 2",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "lang_code": "it",
          "sense": "to make someone a victim or sacrifice",
          "word": "vittimizzare"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "97 1 2",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "lang_code": "la",
          "sense": "to make someone a victim or sacrifice",
          "word": "victimizō"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "97 1 2",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "lang_code": "la",
          "sense": "to make someone a victim or sacrifice",
          "word": "victimō"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "97 1 2",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Māori",
          "lang_code": "mi",
          "sense": "to make someone a victim or sacrifice",
          "word": "hawene"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "97 1 2",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "lang_code": "pl",
          "sense": "to make someone a victim or sacrifice",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "poświęcać w ofierze"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "97 1 2",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "lang_code": "pl",
          "sense": "to make someone a victim or sacrifice",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "poświęcić w ofierze"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "97 1 2",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "lang_code": "pt",
          "sense": "to make someone a victim or sacrifice",
          "word": "vitimar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "97 1 2",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "lang_code": "pt",
          "sense": "to make someone a victim or sacrifice",
          "word": "vitimizar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "97 1 2",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "lang_code": "sh",
          "sense": "to make someone a victim or sacrifice",
          "word": "viktimizirati"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "97 1 2",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "lang_code": "es",
          "sense": "to make someone a victim or sacrifice",
          "word": "victimizar"
        }
      ]
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          ],
          "ref": "2025 January 19, Heba Gowayed, “The Laken Riley Act exposes Democrats’ hypocrisy on immigration”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:",
          "text": "Yet, even as Democratic party leadership has decried this mass deportation plan and even as the bill maligns Democrats as victimizing Americans through its policy of “open borders,” 48 Democratic members of Congress voted for this GOP-backed bill.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To punish unjustly."
      ],
      "id": "en-victimize-en-verb-PzBbchJB",
      "links": [
        [
          "punish",
          "punish"
        ],
        [
          "unjustly",
          "unjustly"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To punish unjustly."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "1 96 3",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "lang_code": "bg",
          "roman": "izmăčvam",
          "sense": "to punish someone unjustly",
          "word": "измъчвам"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 96 3",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "lang_code": "de",
          "sense": "to punish someone unjustly",
          "word": "schikanieren"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 96 3",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "lang_code": "de",
          "sense": "to punish someone unjustly",
          "word": "ungerecht behandeln"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 96 3",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "lang_code": "de",
          "sense": "to punish someone unjustly",
          "word": "ungerechterweise bestrafen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 96 3",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "lang_code": "pl",
          "sense": "to punish someone unjustly",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "prześladować"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 96 3",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "lang_code": "pl",
          "sense": "to punish someone unjustly",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "represjonować"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 96 3",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "lang_code": "pt",
          "sense": "to punish someone unjustly",
          "word": "injustiçar"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "39 28 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To swindle or defraud."
      ],
      "id": "en-victimize-en-verb-pXtbdwIf",
      "links": [
        [
          "swindle",
          "swindle"
        ],
        [
          "defraud",
          "defraud"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To swindle or defraud."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "2 3 95",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "lang_code": "pl",
          "sense": "to defraud",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "oszukiwać"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 3 95",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "lang_code": "pl",
          "sense": "to defraud",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "oszukać"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 3 95",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "lang_code": "pl",
          "sense": "to defraud",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "sprzeniewierzać"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 3 95",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "lang_code": "pl",
          "sense": "to defraud",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "sprzeniewierzyć"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 3 95",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "lang_code": "pl",
          "sense": "to defraud",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "defraudować"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 3 95",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "lang_code": "pl",
          "sense": "to defraud",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "zdefraudować"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 3 95",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "lang_code": "pl",
          "sense": "to defraud",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "wyłudzać"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 3 95",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "lang_code": "pl",
          "sense": "to defraud",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "wyłudzić"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 3 95",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "lang_code": "pl",
          "sense": "to defraud",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "szwindlować"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈvɪktɪmaɪz/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-victimize.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-victimize.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-victimize.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-victimize.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-victimize.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "victimize"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English entries referencing pages with etymology sections missing etymons",
    "English entries with etymology texts",
    "English entries with etymology trees",
    "English entries with etymon",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *weyk- (separate)",
    "English terms suffixed with -ize",
    "English transitive verbs",
    "English verbs",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages using etymon with no ID",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Pages with etymology trees",
    "Pages with etymon",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Catalan translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Galician translations",
    "Terms with Georgian translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Latin translations",
    "Terms with Māori translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "cybervictimize"
    },
    {
      "word": "devictimize"
    },
    {
      "word": "nonvictimizingn"
    },
    {
      "word": "revictimize"
    },
    {
      "word": "self-victimize"
    },
    {
      "word": "victimizable"
    },
    {
      "word": "victimization"
    },
    {
      "word": "victimizer"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":af",
        "3": "victim",
        "4": "-ize",
        "text": "+",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *weyk-der.\nLatin victima\nMiddle French victimebor.\nEnglish victim\nProto-Indo-European *-id-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-idyéti\nProto-Hellenic *-íd͏̌d͏̌ō\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)bor.\nLate Latin -izōder.\nMiddle French -iserbor.\nMiddle English -isen\nEnglish -ize\nEnglish victimize\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"separate\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*weyk-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"victima\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle French\", \"term\" : \"victime\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"frm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"victim\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-id-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-idyéti\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*-íďďō\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ῐ́ζω\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Late Latin\", \"term\" : \"-izō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-lat\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle French\", \"term\" : \"-iser\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"frm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-isen\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ize\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"victimize\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"victimize\">\nFrom victim + -ize.",
      "name": "ety"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *weyk-der.\nLatin victima\nMiddle French victimebor.\nEnglish victim\nProto-Indo-European *-id-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-idyéti\nProto-Hellenic *-íd͏̌d͏̌ō\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)bor.\nLate Latin -izōder.\nMiddle French -iserbor.\nMiddle English -isen\nEnglish -ize\nEnglish victimize\nFrom victim + -ize.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "victimizes",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "victimizing",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "victimized",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "victimized",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "victimise",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "victimize (third-person singular simple present victimizes, present participle victimizing, simple past and past participle victimized)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To make (someone) a victim or sacrifice."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "victim",
          "victim"
        ],
        [
          "sacrifice",
          "sacrifice"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To make (someone) a victim or sacrifice."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              122,
              133
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2025 January 19, Heba Gowayed, “The Laken Riley Act exposes Democrats’ hypocrisy on immigration”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:",
          "text": "Yet, even as Democratic party leadership has decried this mass deportation plan and even as the bill maligns Democrats as victimizing Americans through its policy of “open borders,” 48 Democratic members of Congress voted for this GOP-backed bill.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To punish unjustly."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "punish",
          "punish"
        ],
        [
          "unjustly",
          "unjustly"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To punish unjustly."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To swindle or defraud."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "swindle",
          "swindle"
        ],
        [
          "defraud",
          "defraud"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To swindle or defraud."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈvɪktɪmaɪz/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-victimize.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-victimize.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-victimize.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-victimize.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-victimize.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "lang_code": "bg",
      "roman": "žertvam",
      "sense": "to make someone a victim or sacrifice",
      "word": "жертвам"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "lang_code": "ca",
      "sense": "to make someone a victim or sacrifice",
      "word": "victimitzar"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "lang_code": "fr",
      "sense": "to make someone a victim or sacrifice",
      "word": "victimiser"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "lang_code": "fr",
      "sense": "to make someone a victim or sacrifice",
      "word": "victimer"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "lang_code": "gl",
      "sense": "to make someone a victim or sacrifice",
      "word": "vitimizar"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "lang_code": "ka",
      "roman": "msxverṗlad kceva",
      "sense": "to make someone a victim or sacrifice",
      "word": "მსხვერპლად ქცევა"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "lang_code": "ka",
      "roman": "msxverṗlad šec̣irva",
      "sense": "to make someone a victim or sacrifice",
      "word": "მსხვერპლად შეწირვა"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "to make someone a victim or sacrifice",
      "word": "viktimisieren"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "to make someone a victim or sacrifice",
      "word": "zum Opfer machen"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "to make someone a victim or sacrifice",
      "word": "opfern"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "lang_code": "it",
      "sense": "to make someone a victim or sacrifice",
      "word": "vittimizzare"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "lang_code": "la",
      "sense": "to make someone a victim or sacrifice",
      "word": "victimizō"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "lang_code": "la",
      "sense": "to make someone a victim or sacrifice",
      "word": "victimō"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Māori",
      "lang_code": "mi",
      "sense": "to make someone a victim or sacrifice",
      "word": "hawene"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "lang_code": "pl",
      "sense": "to make someone a victim or sacrifice",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "poświęcać w ofierze"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "lang_code": "pl",
      "sense": "to make someone a victim or sacrifice",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "poświęcić w ofierze"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "to make someone a victim or sacrifice",
      "word": "vitimar"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "to make someone a victim or sacrifice",
      "word": "vitimizar"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "lang_code": "sh",
      "sense": "to make someone a victim or sacrifice",
      "word": "viktimizirati"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "sense": "to make someone a victim or sacrifice",
      "word": "victimizar"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "lang_code": "bg",
      "roman": "izmăčvam",
      "sense": "to punish someone unjustly",
      "word": "измъчвам"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "to punish someone unjustly",
      "word": "schikanieren"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "to punish someone unjustly",
      "word": "ungerecht behandeln"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "to punish someone unjustly",
      "word": "ungerechterweise bestrafen"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "lang_code": "pl",
      "sense": "to punish someone unjustly",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "prześladować"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "lang_code": "pl",
      "sense": "to punish someone unjustly",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "represjonować"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "to punish someone unjustly",
      "word": "injustiçar"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "lang_code": "pl",
      "sense": "to defraud",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "oszukiwać"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "lang_code": "pl",
      "sense": "to defraud",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "oszukać"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "lang_code": "pl",
      "sense": "to defraud",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "sprzeniewierzać"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "lang_code": "pl",
      "sense": "to defraud",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "sprzeniewierzyć"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "lang_code": "pl",
      "sense": "to defraud",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "defraudować"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "lang_code": "pl",
      "sense": "to defraud",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "zdefraudować"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "lang_code": "pl",
      "sense": "to defraud",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "wyłudzać"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "lang_code": "pl",
      "sense": "to defraud",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "wyłudzić"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "lang_code": "pl",
      "sense": "to defraud",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "szwindlować"
    }
  ],
  "word": "victimize"
}

Download raw JSONL data for victimize meaning in English (11.9kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.