See thalidomide in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "phthalic<alt:(ph)thal(ic acid)>",
"4": "imido<alt:(im)ido>",
"5": "imide<alt:(i)mide>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nEnglish (ph)thal(ic acid)\nEnglish (im)ido\nEgyptian jmnbor.\nAncient Greek Ᾰ̓́μμων (Ắmmōn)bor.\nLatin Ammōn\nLatin ammoniacusder.\nEnglish ammonia\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der.\nProto-Italic *-iðos\nLatin -idusder.\nEnglish -ide\nEnglish amide\nEnglish (i)mide\nEnglish thalidomide\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"hide\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang_name\" : \"Egyptian\", \"term\" : \"jmn\", \"gloss\" : \"Amun\", \"lang\" : \"egy\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"Ᾰ̓́μμων\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"Ammōn\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"ammoniacus\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"ammonia\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"do\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dʰeh₁-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-iðos\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-idus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ide\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"amide\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"imide\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"thalidomide\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"thalidomide\">\nFrom (ph)thal(ic acid) + (im)ido + (i)mide.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nEnglish (ph)thal(ic acid)\nEnglish (im)ido\nEgyptian jmnbor.\nAncient Greek Ᾰ̓́μμων (Ắmmōn)bor.\nLatin Ammōn\nLatin ammoniacusder.\nEnglish ammonia\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der.\nProto-Italic *-iðos\nLatin -idusder.\nEnglish -ide\nEnglish amide\nEnglish (i)mide\nEnglish thalidomide\nFrom (ph)thal(ic acid) + (im)ido + (i)mide. The chemical was synthesized and marketed in the 1950s.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "thalidomides",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "phthalidomide",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "thalidomide (countable and uncountable, plural thalidomides)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries referencing missing etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Pharmaceutical drugs",
"orig": "en:Pharmaceutical drugs",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "flid"
},
{
"word": "pseudothalidomide syndrome"
},
{
"word": "thalidomide baby"
},
{
"word": "thalidomide child"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
96,
107
]
],
"ref": "1988, E[dward] J[ames] Moran Campbell, Not Always on the Level, [London]: British Medical Journal, →ISBN, page 194:",
"text": "I have tried all the medium and short acting non-barbiturate sedatives since the war (including thalidomide) but they don’t work and I don’t trust the newfangled long acting, “safe” analgesics.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
26,
37
]
],
"ref": "2001, “Left Behind}”, in Corey Taylor (lyrics), Iowa, performed by Slipknot, Los Angeles, California:",
"text": "I can't stand to see your thalidomide robot face",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An immunomodulatory drug used to treat a number of cancers and skin disorders, historically promoted as a sedative and medication for morning sickness."
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"word": "teratogen"
}
],
"id": "en-thalidomide-en-noun-Vwre16NF",
"links": [
[
"pharmacology",
"pharmacology"
],
[
"immunomodulatory",
"immunomodulatory"
],
[
"drug",
"drug"
],
[
"sedative",
"sedative"
],
[
"morning sickness",
"morning sickness"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(pharmacology) An immunomodulatory drug used to treat a number of cancers and skin disorders, historically promoted as a sedative and medication for morning sickness."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"pharmacology",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"sense": "drug",
"word": "反應停 /反应停"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "drug",
"word": "talidomido"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "drug",
"word": "talidomidi"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "drug",
"word": "thalidomide"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "drug",
"word": "Thalidomid"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "drug",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Contergan"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "thalidomídi",
"sense": "drug",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "θαλιδομίδη"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "drug",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "talidomida"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "talidomíd",
"sense": "drug",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "талидоми́д"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/θəˈlɪ.dəˌmaɪd/"
}
],
"word": "thalidomide"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "flid"
},
{
"word": "pseudothalidomide syndrome"
},
{
"word": "thalidomide baby"
},
{
"word": "thalidomide child"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "phthalic<alt:(ph)thal(ic acid)>",
"4": "imido<alt:(im)ido>",
"5": "imide<alt:(i)mide>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nEnglish (ph)thal(ic acid)\nEnglish (im)ido\nEgyptian jmnbor.\nAncient Greek Ᾰ̓́μμων (Ắmmōn)bor.\nLatin Ammōn\nLatin ammoniacusder.\nEnglish ammonia\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der.\nProto-Italic *-iðos\nLatin -idusder.\nEnglish -ide\nEnglish amide\nEnglish (i)mide\nEnglish thalidomide\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"hide\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang_name\" : \"Egyptian\", \"term\" : \"jmn\", \"gloss\" : \"Amun\", \"lang\" : \"egy\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"Ᾰ̓́μμων\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"Ammōn\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"ammoniacus\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"ammonia\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"do\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dʰeh₁-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-iðos\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-idus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ide\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"amide\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"imide\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"thalidomide\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"thalidomide\">\nFrom (ph)thal(ic acid) + (im)ido + (i)mide.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nEnglish (ph)thal(ic acid)\nEnglish (im)ido\nEgyptian jmnbor.\nAncient Greek Ᾰ̓́μμων (Ắmmōn)bor.\nLatin Ammōn\nLatin ammoniacusder.\nEnglish ammonia\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der.\nProto-Italic *-iðos\nLatin -idusder.\nEnglish -ide\nEnglish amide\nEnglish (i)mide\nEnglish thalidomide\nFrom (ph)thal(ic acid) + (im)ido + (i)mide. The chemical was synthesized and marketed in the 1950s.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "thalidomides",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "phthalidomide",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "thalidomide (countable and uncountable, plural thalidomides)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English compound terms",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries referencing missing etymons",
"English entries with etymology texts",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰeh₁-",
"English terms with quotations",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"en:Pharmaceutical drugs"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
96,
107
]
],
"ref": "1988, E[dward] J[ames] Moran Campbell, Not Always on the Level, [London]: British Medical Journal, →ISBN, page 194:",
"text": "I have tried all the medium and short acting non-barbiturate sedatives since the war (including thalidomide) but they don’t work and I don’t trust the newfangled long acting, “safe” analgesics.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
26,
37
]
],
"ref": "2001, “Left Behind}”, in Corey Taylor (lyrics), Iowa, performed by Slipknot, Los Angeles, California:",
"text": "I can't stand to see your thalidomide robot face",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An immunomodulatory drug used to treat a number of cancers and skin disorders, historically promoted as a sedative and medication for morning sickness."
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"word": "teratogen"
}
],
"links": [
[
"pharmacology",
"pharmacology"
],
[
"immunomodulatory",
"immunomodulatory"
],
[
"drug",
"drug"
],
[
"sedative",
"sedative"
],
[
"morning sickness",
"morning sickness"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(pharmacology) An immunomodulatory drug used to treat a number of cancers and skin disorders, historically promoted as a sedative and medication for morning sickness."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"pharmacology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/θəˈlɪ.dəˌmaɪd/"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"sense": "drug",
"word": "反應停 /反应停"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "drug",
"word": "talidomido"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "drug",
"word": "talidomidi"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "drug",
"word": "thalidomide"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "drug",
"word": "Thalidomid"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "drug",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Contergan"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "thalidomídi",
"sense": "drug",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "θαλιδομίδη"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "drug",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "talidomida"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "talidomíd",
"sense": "drug",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "талидоми́д"
}
],
"word": "thalidomide"
}
Download raw JSONL data for thalidomide meaning in English (7.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-07 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-08-05 using wiktextract (d9fa233 and 9e92f4b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.