"pharmacology" meaning in English

See pharmacology in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˌfɑɹməˈkɒləd͡ʒi/ Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vininn126-pharmacology.wav [US]
enPR: fär'mə-kŏl'əjē Etymology: pharmaco- + -logy Etymology templates: {{affix|en|pharmaco-|-logy}} pharmaco- + -logy Head templates: {{en-noun|-}} pharmacology (uncountable)
  1. (medicine) The science of drugs including their origin, composition, pharmacokinetics, therapeutic use, and toxicology. Tags: uncountable Categories (topical): Medicine, Pharmacology Synonyms (science of drugs): materia medica (english: archaic or historical) Meronyms (science of drugs): pharmacognosy Translations (science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals): farmakologie (Afrikaans), farmakologji [feminine] (Albanian), عِلْم اَلصَّيْدَلَة (ʕilm aṣ-ṣaydala) [masculine] (Arabic), farmacoloxía [feminine] (Asturian), farmakologiya (Azerbaijani), фармакало́гія (farmakalóhija) [feminine] (Belarusian), фармакология (farmakologija) [feminine] (Bulgarian), farmacologia [feminine] (Catalan), 藥理學 (Chinese Mandarin), 药理学 (yàolǐxué) (Chinese Mandarin), 藥材 (Chinese Mandarin), 药材 (yàocái) (Chinese Mandarin), farmakologie [feminine] (Czech), farmakologi [common-gender] (Danish), farmacologie [feminine] (Dutch), farmakologio (Esperanto), farmakologia (Finnish), pharmacologie [feminine] (French), farmacoloxía [feminine] (Galician), ფარმაკოლოგია (parmaḳologia) (Georgian), Pharmakologie [feminine] (German), φαρμακολογία (farmakología) [feminine] (Greek), פרמקולוגיה (farmakologya) [feminine] (Hebrew), gyógyszerhatástan (Hungarian), farmakológia (Hungarian), lyfjafræði (Icelandic), farmakologi (Indonesian), míochaine [feminine] (Irish), farmacologia [feminine] (Italian), 薬理学 (yakurigaku) (alt: やくりがく) (Japanese), 약리학 (yangnihak) (alt: 藥理學) (Korean), farmakoloģija [feminine] (Latvian), farmakologija [feminine] (Lithuanian), mātai taka rongoā (Maori), farmakologi [masculine] (Norwegian Bokmål), farmakologi [masculine] (Norwegian Nynorsk), درملپوهنه (dərməlpohəna) [feminine] (Pashto), فارماکولوژی (fârmâkoloži) (Persian), داروشناسی (Persian), farmakologia [feminine] (Polish), farmacologia [feminine] (Portuguese), farmacologie [feminine] (Romanian), фармаколо́гия (farmakológija) [feminine] (Russian), фармаколо̀гија [feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), farmakològija [feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), farmakológia (Slovak), farmakologíja [feminine] (Slovene), farmacología [feminine] (Spanish), farmakologi [common-gender] (Swedish), farmakoloji (Turkish), eczabilim (Turkish), ilaç bilimi (Turkish), фармаколо́гія (farmakolóhija) [feminine] (Ukrainian), dược lý học (alt: 藥理學) (Vietnamese), dược học (Vietnamese)
    Sense id: en-pharmacology-en-noun-lMV~Mxpz Disambiguation of Pharmacology: 53 47 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English entries with language name categories using raw markup, English entries with topic categories using raw markup, English terms prefixed with pharmaco-, English terms suffixed with -logy, English terms suffixed with -ology Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 48 52 Disambiguation of English entries with language name categories using raw markup: 65 35 Disambiguation of English entries with topic categories using raw markup: 66 34 Disambiguation of English terms prefixed with pharmaco-: 59 41 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -logy: 64 36 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -ology: 63 37 Topics: medicine, sciences Disambiguation of 'science of drugs': 72 28 Disambiguation of 'science of drugs': 72 28 Disambiguation of 'science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals': 61 39
  2. (medicine) The properties and reactions of drugs especially with relation to their therapeutic value. Tags: uncountable Categories (topical): Medicine, Pharmacology
    Sense id: en-pharmacology-en-noun-JY9Zf0TF Disambiguation of Pharmacology: 53 47 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 48 52 Topics: medicine, sciences
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: cytopharmacology, pharmacologic, pharmacological, pharmacologically, pharmacologist, phytopharmacology Related terms: pharmacy

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for pharmacology meaning in English (14.3kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "cytopharmacology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "pharmacologic"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "pharmacological"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "pharmacologically"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "pharmacologist"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "phytopharmacology"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "pharmaco-",
        "3": "-logy"
      },
      "expansion": "pharmaco- + -logy",
      "name": "affix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "pharmaco- + -logy",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "pharmacology (uncountable)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "pharmacy"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Medicine",
          "orig": "en:Medicine",
          "parents": [
            "Biology",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "48 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "65 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "66 34",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "59 41",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms prefixed with pharmaco-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "64 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms suffixed with -logy",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "63 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms suffixed with -ology",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "53 47",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Pharmacology",
          "orig": "en:Pharmacology",
          "parents": [
            "Biochemistry",
            "Medicine",
            "Biology",
            "Chemistry",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The science of drugs including their origin, composition, pharmacokinetics, therapeutic use, and toxicology."
      ],
      "id": "en-pharmacology-en-noun-lMV~Mxpz",
      "links": [
        [
          "medicine",
          "medicine"
        ],
        [
          "pharmacokinetics",
          "pharmacokinetics"
        ],
        [
          "toxicology",
          "toxicology"
        ]
      ],
      "meronyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "sense": "science of drugs",
          "word": "pharmacognosy"
        }
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(medicine) The science of drugs including their origin, composition, pharmacokinetics, therapeutic use, and toxicology."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "english": "archaic or historical",
          "sense": "science of drugs",
          "word": "materia medica"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "af",
          "lang": "Afrikaans",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "word": "farmakologie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "sq",
          "lang": "Albanian",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "farmakologji"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "ʕilm aṣ-ṣaydala",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "عِلْم اَلصَّيْدَلَة"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "ast",
          "lang": "Asturian",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "farmacoloxía"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "word": "farmakologiya"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "farmakalóhija",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "фармакало́гія"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "farmakologija",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "фармакология"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "farmacologia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "word": "藥理學"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "yàolǐxué",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "word": "药理学"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "word": "藥材"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "yàocái",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "word": "药材"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "farmakologie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "farmakologi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "farmacologie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "word": "farmakologio"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "word": "farmakologia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "pharmacologie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "farmacoloxía"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "parmaḳologia",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "word": "ფარმაკოლოგია"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Pharmakologie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "farmakología",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "φαρμακολογία"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "he",
          "lang": "Hebrew",
          "roman": "farmakologya",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "פרמקולוגיה"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "word": "gyógyszerhatástan"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "word": "farmakológia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "is",
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "word": "lyfjafræði"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "id",
          "lang": "Indonesian",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "word": "farmakologi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "míochaine"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "farmacologia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "alt": "やくりがく",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "yakurigaku",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "word": "薬理学"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "alt": "藥理學",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "yangnihak",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "word": "약리학"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "lv",
          "lang": "Latvian",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "farmakoloģija"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "lt",
          "lang": "Lithuanian",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "farmakologija"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "word": "mātai taka rongoā"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "farmakologi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "farmakologi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "ps",
          "lang": "Pashto",
          "roman": "dərməlpohəna",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "درملپوهنه"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "fârmâkoloži",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "word": "فارماکولوژی"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "word": "داروشناسی"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "farmakologia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "farmacologia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "farmacologie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "farmakológija",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "фармаколо́гия"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "фармаколо̀гија"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "farmakològija"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "word": "farmakológia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "sl",
          "lang": "Slovene",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "farmakologíja"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "farmacología"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "farmakologi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "word": "farmakoloji"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "word": "eczabilim"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "word": "ilaç bilimi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "farmakolóhija",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "фармаколо́гія"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "alt": "藥理學",
          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "word": "dược lý học"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 39",
          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
          "word": "dược học"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Medicine",
          "orig": "en:Medicine",
          "parents": [
            "Biology",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "48 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "53 47",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Pharmacology",
          "orig": "en:Pharmacology",
          "parents": [
            "Biochemistry",
            "Medicine",
            "Biology",
            "Chemistry",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The properties and reactions of drugs especially with relation to their therapeutic value."
      ],
      "id": "en-pharmacology-en-noun-JY9Zf0TF",
      "links": [
        [
          "medicine",
          "medicine"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(medicine) The properties and reactions of drugs especially with relation to their therapeutic value."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌfɑɹməˈkɒləd͡ʒi/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vininn126-pharmacology.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/40/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-pharmacology.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-pharmacology.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/40/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-pharmacology.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-pharmacology.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    },
    {
      "enpr": "fär'mə-kŏl'əjē"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "pharmacology"
  ],
  "word": "pharmacology"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English 5-syllable words",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
    "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms prefixed with pharmaco-",
    "English terms suffixed with -logy",
    "English terms suffixed with -ology",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "en:Pharmacology"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "cytopharmacology"
    },
    {
      "word": "pharmacologic"
    },
    {
      "word": "pharmacological"
    },
    {
      "word": "pharmacologically"
    },
    {
      "word": "pharmacologist"
    },
    {
      "word": "phytopharmacology"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "pharmaco-",
        "3": "-logy"
      },
      "expansion": "pharmaco- + -logy",
      "name": "affix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "pharmaco- + -logy",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "pharmacology (uncountable)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "meronyms": [
    {
      "sense": "science of drugs",
      "word": "pharmacognosy"
    }
  ],
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "pharmacy"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Medicine"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The science of drugs including their origin, composition, pharmacokinetics, therapeutic use, and toxicology."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "medicine",
          "medicine"
        ],
        [
          "pharmacokinetics",
          "pharmacokinetics"
        ],
        [
          "toxicology",
          "toxicology"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(medicine) The science of drugs including their origin, composition, pharmacokinetics, therapeutic use, and toxicology."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Medicine"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The properties and reactions of drugs especially with relation to their therapeutic value."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "medicine",
          "medicine"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(medicine) The properties and reactions of drugs especially with relation to their therapeutic value."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌfɑɹməˈkɒləd͡ʒi/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vininn126-pharmacology.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/40/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-pharmacology.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-pharmacology.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/40/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-pharmacology.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-pharmacology.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    },
    {
      "enpr": "fär'mə-kŏl'əjē"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "english": "archaic or historical",
      "sense": "science of drugs",
      "word": "materia medica"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "af",
      "lang": "Afrikaans",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "word": "farmakologie"
    },
    {
      "code": "sq",
      "lang": "Albanian",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "farmakologji"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "ʕilm aṣ-ṣaydala",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "عِلْم اَلصَّيْدَلَة"
    },
    {
      "code": "ast",
      "lang": "Asturian",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "farmacoloxía"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "word": "farmakologiya"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "farmakalóhija",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "фармакало́гія"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "farmakologija",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "фармакология"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "farmacologia"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "word": "藥理學"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "yàolǐxué",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "word": "药理学"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "word": "藥材"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "yàocái",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "word": "药材"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "farmakologie"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "farmakologi"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "farmacologie"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "word": "farmakologio"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "word": "farmakologia"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "pharmacologie"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "farmacoloxía"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "parmaḳologia",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "word": "ფარმაკოლოგია"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Pharmakologie"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "farmakología",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "φαρμακολογία"
    },
    {
      "code": "he",
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "roman": "farmakologya",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "פרמקולוגיה"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "word": "gyógyszerhatástan"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "word": "farmakológia"
    },
    {
      "code": "is",
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "word": "lyfjafræði"
    },
    {
      "code": "id",
      "lang": "Indonesian",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "word": "farmakologi"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "míochaine"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "farmacologia"
    },
    {
      "alt": "やくりがく",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "yakurigaku",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "word": "薬理学"
    },
    {
      "alt": "藥理學",
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "yangnihak",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "word": "약리학"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "farmakoloģija"
    },
    {
      "code": "lt",
      "lang": "Lithuanian",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "farmakologija"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "word": "mātai taka rongoā"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "farmakologi"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "farmakologi"
    },
    {
      "code": "ps",
      "lang": "Pashto",
      "roman": "dərməlpohəna",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "درملپوهنه"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "fârmâkoloži",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "word": "فارماکولوژی"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "word": "داروشناسی"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "farmakologia"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "farmacologia"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "farmacologie"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "farmakológija",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "фармаколо́гия"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "фармаколо̀гија"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "farmakològija"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "word": "farmakológia"
    },
    {
      "code": "sl",
      "lang": "Slovene",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "farmakologíja"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "farmacología"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "farmakologi"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "word": "farmakoloji"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "word": "eczabilim"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "word": "ilaç bilimi"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "farmakolóhija",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "фармаколо́гія"
    },
    {
      "alt": "藥理學",
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "word": "dược lý học"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals",
      "word": "dược học"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "pharmacology"
  ],
  "word": "pharmacology"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (82c8ff9 and f4967a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.