See surveil in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "surveillance"
},
"expansion": "Back-formation from surveillance",
"name": "back-form"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "surveiller"
},
"expansion": "French surveiller",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "1903. Back-formation from surveillance (but compare also French surveiller and the variant surveille).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "surveils",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "surveilling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "surveilled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "surveilled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "++"
},
"expansion": "surveil (third-person singular simple present surveils, present participle surveilling, simple past and past participle surveilled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "American English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English back-formations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Espionage",
"orig": "en:Espionage",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The plaintiff also stresses that the store as a whole, and the customer exits especially, were closely surveilled.\nAlexandre of London v. Indem. Ins. Co., 182 F. Supp. 748, 750 (United States District Court for the District of Columbia) (1960), cited in Bryan A. Garner. A Dictionary of Modern Legal Usage (2nd ed., 2001) p. 861"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To keep someone or something under surveillance."
],
"id": "en-surveil-en-verb-0-RXIZMA",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, US) To keep someone or something under surveillance."
],
"tags": [
"US",
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "To keep someone or something under surveillance",
"word": "overvåge"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "To keep someone or something under surveillance",
"word": "valvoa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "To keep someone or something under surveillance",
"word": "surveiller"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "To keep someone or something under surveillance",
"word": "überwachen"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "To keep someone or something under surveillance",
"word": "megfigyel"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "To keep someone or something under surveillance",
"word": "vigiar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "To keep someone or something under surveillance",
"word": "övervaka"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sɚˈveɪl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/səˈveɪl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪl"
}
],
"word": "surveil"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "surveillance"
},
"expansion": "Back-formation from surveillance",
"name": "back-form"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "surveiller"
},
"expansion": "French surveiller",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "1903. Back-formation from surveillance (but compare also French surveiller and the variant surveille).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "surveils",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "surveilling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "surveilled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "surveilled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "++"
},
"expansion": "surveil (third-person singular simple present surveils, present participle surveilling, simple past and past participle surveilled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"American English",
"English back-formations",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English transitive verbs",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/eɪl",
"Rhymes:English/eɪl/2 syllables",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"en:Espionage"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The plaintiff also stresses that the store as a whole, and the customer exits especially, were closely surveilled.\nAlexandre of London v. Indem. Ins. Co., 182 F. Supp. 748, 750 (United States District Court for the District of Columbia) (1960), cited in Bryan A. Garner. A Dictionary of Modern Legal Usage (2nd ed., 2001) p. 861"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To keep someone or something under surveillance."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, US) To keep someone or something under surveillance."
],
"tags": [
"US",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sɚˈveɪl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/səˈveɪl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪl"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "To keep someone or something under surveillance",
"word": "overvåge"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "To keep someone or something under surveillance",
"word": "valvoa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "To keep someone or something under surveillance",
"word": "surveiller"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "To keep someone or something under surveillance",
"word": "überwachen"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "To keep someone or something under surveillance",
"word": "megfigyel"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "To keep someone or something under surveillance",
"word": "vigiar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "To keep someone or something under surveillance",
"word": "övervaka"
}
],
"word": "surveil"
}
Download raw JSONL data for surveil meaning in English (3.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-02-14 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-02-01 using wiktextract (f492ef9 and 59dc20b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.