"shend" meaning in English

See shend in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /ʃɛnd/ Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-shend.wav Forms: shends [present, singular, third-person], shending [participle, present], shent [participle, past], shent [past], no-table-tags [table-tags], shend [infinitive]
Rhymes: -ɛnd Etymology: From Middle English shenden, from Old English sċendan (“to put to shame, blame, disgrace”), from Proto-West Germanic *skandijan (“to scold, berate”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kem- (“to cover”). Cognate with Dutch schenden (“to infringe, profane, defile”), German schänden (“defile”). Related to Old English sċand (“infamy, shame, scandal”). More at shand, shame. Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|shenden}} Middle English shenden, {{inh|en|ang|sċendan|t=to put to shame, blame, disgrace}} Old English sċendan (“to put to shame, blame, disgrace”), {{inh|en|gmw-pro|*skandijan|t=to scold, berate}} Proto-West Germanic *skandijan (“to scold, berate”), {{der|en|ine-pro|*(s)kem-|t=to cover}} Proto-Indo-European *(s)kem- (“to cover”), {{cog|nl|schenden|t=to infringe, profane, defile}} Dutch schenden (“to infringe, profane, defile”), {{cog|de|schänden|t=defile}} German schänden (“defile”), {{cog|ang|sċand|t=infamy, shame, scandal}} Old English sċand (“infamy, shame, scandal”) Head templates: {{en-verb|shends|shending|shent}} shend (third-person singular simple present shends, present participle shending, simple past and past participle shent) Inflection templates: {{en-conj-simple|past=shent|past_2sg_old=shentest}}
  1. (obsolete) To disgrace or put to shame. Tags: obsolete
    Sense id: en-shend-en-verb-anyIesVX
  2. (archaic) To blame. Tags: archaic
    Sense id: en-shend-en-verb-o1iRQn0z Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 31 64 4 1 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 32 60 4 3 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 32 64 2 2
  3. (archaic) To destroy; to spoil. Tags: archaic
    Sense id: en-shend-en-verb-fGgPuNhK
  4. (archaic) To overpower; to surpass. Tags: archaic
    Sense id: en-shend-en-verb-UENuIc~o
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: shendship

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "shendship"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "shenden"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English shenden",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "sċendan",
        "t": "to put to shame, blame, disgrace"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English sċendan (“to put to shame, blame, disgrace”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*skandijan",
        "t": "to scold, berate"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *skandijan (“to scold, berate”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)kem-",
        "t": "to cover"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)kem- (“to cover”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "schenden",
        "t": "to infringe, profane, defile"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch schenden (“to infringe, profane, defile”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "schänden",
        "t": "defile"
      },
      "expansion": "German schänden (“defile”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "sċand",
        "t": "infamy, shame, scandal"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English sċand (“infamy, shame, scandal”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English shenden, from Old English sċendan (“to put to shame, blame, disgrace”), from Proto-West Germanic *skandijan (“to scold, berate”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kem- (“to cover”). Cognate with Dutch schenden (“to infringe, profane, defile”), German schänden (“defile”). Related to Old English sċand (“infamy, shame, scandal”). More at shand, shame.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "shends",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shending",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shent",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shent",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "en-conj-simple",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shend",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "shends",
        "2": "shending",
        "3": "shent"
      },
      "expansion": "shend (third-person singular simple present shends, present participle shending, simple past and past participle shent)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "past": "shent",
        "past_2sg_old": "shentest"
      },
      "name": "en-conj-simple"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book I, Canto I”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:",
          "text": "Her fawning love with foule disdainefull spight\nHe would not shend",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "c. 1608–1609 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Coriolanus”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene ii]:",
          "text": "Do you hear how we are shent for keeping your greatness back?",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To disgrace or put to shame."
      ],
      "id": "en-shend-en-verb-anyIesVX",
      "links": [
        [
          "disgrace",
          "disgrace"
        ],
        [
          "shame",
          "shame"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) To disgrace or put to shame."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "31 64 4 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "32 60 4 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "32 64 2 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To blame."
      ],
      "id": "en-shend-en-verb-o1iRQn0z",
      "links": [
        [
          "blame",
          "blame"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) To blame."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1880, Richard Francis Burton, Os Lusíadas, volume II, page 279:",
          "text": "Go see their fleet and arms, their manner view / of moulded metal, ready all to shend[.]",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To destroy; to spoil."
      ],
      "id": "en-shend-en-verb-fGgPuNhK",
      "links": [
        [
          "destroy",
          "destroy"
        ],
        [
          "spoil",
          "spoil"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) To destroy; to spoil."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1880, Richard Francis Burton, Os Lusíadas, volume II, page 339:",
          "text": "Since sware the Parcæ unto me, their friend, / they shall adore my name, my favour prize; / and, as their feats of armèd prowess shend / all feats of rival Rome, I lief devise / some mode of aidance in what things I may, / far as our force o'er man extendeth sway.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To overpower; to surpass."
      ],
      "id": "en-shend-en-verb-UENuIc~o",
      "links": [
        [
          "overpower",
          "overpower"
        ],
        [
          "surpass",
          "surpass"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) To overpower; to surpass."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ʃɛnd/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-shend.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-shend.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-shend.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-shend.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-shend.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛnd"
    }
  ],
  "word": "shend"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English irregular verbs",
    "English lemmas",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old English",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms inherited from Old English",
    "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "English verbs",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:English/ɛnd",
    "Rhymes:English/ɛnd/1 syllable"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "shendship"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "shenden"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English shenden",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "sċendan",
        "t": "to put to shame, blame, disgrace"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English sċendan (“to put to shame, blame, disgrace”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*skandijan",
        "t": "to scold, berate"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *skandijan (“to scold, berate”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)kem-",
        "t": "to cover"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)kem- (“to cover”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "schenden",
        "t": "to infringe, profane, defile"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch schenden (“to infringe, profane, defile”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "schänden",
        "t": "defile"
      },
      "expansion": "German schänden (“defile”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "sċand",
        "t": "infamy, shame, scandal"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English sċand (“infamy, shame, scandal”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English shenden, from Old English sċendan (“to put to shame, blame, disgrace”), from Proto-West Germanic *skandijan (“to scold, berate”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kem- (“to cover”). Cognate with Dutch schenden (“to infringe, profane, defile”), German schänden (“defile”). Related to Old English sċand (“infamy, shame, scandal”). More at shand, shame.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "shends",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shending",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shent",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shent",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "en-conj-simple",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shend",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "shends",
        "2": "shending",
        "3": "shent"
      },
      "expansion": "shend (third-person singular simple present shends, present participle shending, simple past and past participle shent)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "past": "shent",
        "past_2sg_old": "shentest"
      },
      "name": "en-conj-simple"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with obsolete senses",
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book I, Canto I”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:",
          "text": "Her fawning love with foule disdainefull spight\nHe would not shend",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "c. 1608–1609 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Coriolanus”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene ii]:",
          "text": "Do you hear how we are shent for keeping your greatness back?",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To disgrace or put to shame."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "disgrace",
          "disgrace"
        ],
        [
          "shame",
          "shame"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) To disgrace or put to shame."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with archaic senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To blame."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "blame",
          "blame"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) To blame."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with archaic senses",
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1880, Richard Francis Burton, Os Lusíadas, volume II, page 279:",
          "text": "Go see their fleet and arms, their manner view / of moulded metal, ready all to shend[.]",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To destroy; to spoil."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "destroy",
          "destroy"
        ],
        [
          "spoil",
          "spoil"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) To destroy; to spoil."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with archaic senses",
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1880, Richard Francis Burton, Os Lusíadas, volume II, page 339:",
          "text": "Since sware the Parcæ unto me, their friend, / they shall adore my name, my favour prize; / and, as their feats of armèd prowess shend / all feats of rival Rome, I lief devise / some mode of aidance in what things I may, / far as our force o'er man extendeth sway.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To overpower; to surpass."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "overpower",
          "overpower"
        ],
        [
          "surpass",
          "surpass"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) To overpower; to surpass."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ʃɛnd/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-shend.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-shend.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-shend.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-shend.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-shend.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛnd"
    }
  ],
  "word": "shend"
}

Download raw JSONL data for shend meaning in English (5.4kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.