See rud in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{ "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*h₁rewdʰ-" }, "expansion": "", "name": "root" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "rudden" }, "expansion": "Middle English rudden", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "rudian", "t": "to be ruddy" }, "expansion": "Old English rudian (“to be ruddy”)", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*rudāną" }, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rudāną", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*h₁rudʰéh₁ti" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁rudʰéh₁ti", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "oco", "2": "rud" }, "expansion": "Old Cornish rud", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "sga", "2": "rúad" }, "expansion": "Old Irish rúad", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "From Middle English rudden, ruden, from Old English rudian (“to be ruddy”) (compare rudu (“redness”)), from Proto-Germanic *rudāną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rudʰéh₁ti, from *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”); cognate with Old Cornish rud and Old Irish rúad). (Compare red).", "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "-" }, "expansion": "rud (uncountable)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "redness; blush" ], "id": "en-rud-en-noun-0hNdpj-G", "links": [ [ "redness", "redness" ], [ "blush", "blush" ] ], "tags": [ "uncountable" ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "1 88 8 2 1", "kind": "other", "name": "English entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "1 55 5 3 1 16 19", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 6 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "1 57 3 2 1 17 20", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "ruddle; red ochre" ], "id": "en-rud-en-noun-re1TCsdL", "links": [ [ "ruddle", "ruddle" ], [ "ochre", "ochre" ] ], "tags": [ "uncountable" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ɹʌd/" }, { "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-rud.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rud.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rud.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rud.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rud.wav.ogg" }, { "rhymes": "-ʌd" } ], "word": "rud" } { "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*h₁rewdʰ-" }, "expansion": "", "name": "root" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "rudden" }, "expansion": "Middle English rudden", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "rudian", "t": "to be ruddy" }, "expansion": "Old English rudian (“to be ruddy”)", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*rudāną" }, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rudāną", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*h₁rudʰéh₁ti" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁rudʰéh₁ti", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "oco", "2": "rud" }, "expansion": "Old Cornish rud", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "sga", "2": "rúad" }, "expansion": "Old Irish rúad", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "From Middle English rudden, ruden, from Old English rudian (“to be ruddy”) (compare rudu (“redness”)), from Proto-Germanic *rudāną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rudʰéh₁ti, from *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”); cognate with Old Cornish rud and Old Irish rúad). (Compare red).", "forms": [ { "form": "ruds", "tags": [ "present", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "rudding", "tags": [ "participle", "present" ] }, { "form": "rudded", "tags": [ "participle", "past" ] }, { "form": "rudded", "tags": [ "past" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "rud (third-person singular simple present ruds, present participle rudding, simple past and past participle rudded)", "name": "en-verb" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "related": [ { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "ruddy" } ], "senses": [ { "categories": [], "glosses": [ "To become red; redden." ], "id": "en-rud-en-verb-eLFlBH8L", "links": [ [ "redden", "redden" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(intransitive) To become red; redden." ], "tags": [ "intransitive" ] }, { "categories": [], "examples": [ { "ref": "1591, Ed[mund] Sp[enser], “Epithalamion”, in Complaints. Containing Sundrie Small Poemes of the Worlds Vanitie. […], London: […] William Ponsonbie, […], →OCLC:", "text": "Her cheekes lyke apples which the sun hath rudded", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "To make red." ], "id": "en-rud-en-verb-LmEzp18l", "links": [ [ "red", "red" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(obsolete, transitive) To make red." ], "tags": [ "obsolete", "transitive" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ɹʌd/" }, { "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-rud.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rud.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rud.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rud.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rud.wav.ogg" }, { "rhymes": "-ʌd" } ], "word": "rud" } { "etymology_number": 2, "forms": [ { "form": "ruds", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "rud (plural ruds)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "alt_of": [ { "extra": "fish", "word": "rudd" } ], "glosses": [ "Alternative form of rudd (“fish”)." ], "id": "en-rud-en-noun-1R3apb99", "links": [ [ "rudd", "rudd#English" ] ], "tags": [ "alt-of", "alternative" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ɹʌd/" }, { "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-rud.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rud.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rud.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rud.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rud.wav.ogg" }, { "rhymes": "-ʌd" } ], "word": "rud" }
{ "categories": [ "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁rewdʰ-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Pages with 6 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:English/ʌd", "Rhymes:English/ʌd/1 syllable" ], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*h₁rewdʰ-" }, "expansion": "", "name": "root" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "rudden" }, "expansion": "Middle English rudden", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "rudian", "t": "to be ruddy" }, "expansion": "Old English rudian (“to be ruddy”)", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*rudāną" }, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rudāną", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*h₁rudʰéh₁ti" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁rudʰéh₁ti", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "oco", "2": "rud" }, "expansion": "Old Cornish rud", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "sga", "2": "rúad" }, "expansion": "Old Irish rúad", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "From Middle English rudden, ruden, from Old English rudian (“to be ruddy”) (compare rudu (“redness”)), from Proto-Germanic *rudāną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rudʰéh₁ti, from *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”); cognate with Old Cornish rud and Old Irish rúad). (Compare red).", "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "-" }, "expansion": "rud (uncountable)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "redness; blush" ], "links": [ [ "redness", "redness" ], [ "blush", "blush" ] ], "tags": [ "uncountable" ] }, { "glosses": [ "ruddle; red ochre" ], "links": [ [ "ruddle", "ruddle" ], [ "ochre", "ochre" ] ], "tags": [ "uncountable" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ɹʌd/" }, { "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-rud.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rud.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rud.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rud.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rud.wav.ogg" }, { "rhymes": "-ʌd" } ], "word": "rud" } { "categories": [ "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁rewdʰ-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Pages with 6 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:English/ʌd", "Rhymes:English/ʌd/1 syllable" ], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*h₁rewdʰ-" }, "expansion": "", "name": "root" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "rudden" }, "expansion": "Middle English rudden", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "rudian", "t": "to be ruddy" }, "expansion": "Old English rudian (“to be ruddy”)", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*rudāną" }, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rudāną", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*h₁rudʰéh₁ti" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁rudʰéh₁ti", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "oco", "2": "rud" }, "expansion": "Old Cornish rud", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "sga", "2": "rúad" }, "expansion": "Old Irish rúad", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "From Middle English rudden, ruden, from Old English rudian (“to be ruddy”) (compare rudu (“redness”)), from Proto-Germanic *rudāną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rudʰéh₁ti, from *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”); cognate with Old Cornish rud and Old Irish rúad). (Compare red).", "forms": [ { "form": "ruds", "tags": [ "present", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "rudding", "tags": [ "participle", "present" ] }, { "form": "rudded", "tags": [ "participle", "past" ] }, { "form": "rudded", "tags": [ "past" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "rud (third-person singular simple present ruds, present participle rudding, simple past and past participle rudded)", "name": "en-verb" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "related": [ { "word": "ruddy" } ], "senses": [ { "categories": [ "English intransitive verbs" ], "glosses": [ "To become red; redden." ], "links": [ [ "redden", "redden" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(intransitive) To become red; redden." ], "tags": [ "intransitive" ] }, { "categories": [ "English terms with obsolete senses", "English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs" ], "examples": [ { "ref": "1591, Ed[mund] Sp[enser], “Epithalamion”, in Complaints. Containing Sundrie Small Poemes of the Worlds Vanitie. […], London: […] William Ponsonbie, […], →OCLC:", "text": "Her cheekes lyke apples which the sun hath rudded", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "To make red." ], "links": [ [ "red", "red" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(obsolete, transitive) To make red." ], "tags": [ "obsolete", "transitive" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ɹʌd/" }, { "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-rud.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rud.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rud.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rud.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rud.wav.ogg" }, { "rhymes": "-ʌd" } ], "word": "rud" } { "categories": [ "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "Pages with 6 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:English/ʌd", "Rhymes:English/ʌd/1 syllable" ], "etymology_number": 2, "forms": [ { "form": "ruds", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "rud (plural ruds)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "alt_of": [ { "extra": "fish", "word": "rudd" } ], "glosses": [ "Alternative form of rudd (“fish”)." ], "links": [ [ "rudd", "rudd#English" ] ], "tags": [ "alt-of", "alternative" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ɹʌd/" }, { "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-rud.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rud.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rud.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rud.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rud.wav.ogg" }, { "rhymes": "-ʌd" } ], "word": "rud" }
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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (32c88e6 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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