"phugoid" meaning in English

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          "text": "The Phugoid theory deals with the longitudinal stability, and the form and equations of the flight path of an aerodone.",
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          "word": "fugoidi-"
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          "text": "As the amplitude of the phugoid is increased beyond the limits of the semicircle, there is a rapid shortening of the time period as shown by the manner in which the time curve falls away almost immediately after that critical form of flight path is passed. […] [I]f we select phugoids of greater and greater velocity, for a given aerodone the form of the tumbler curve approximates more and more closely to a circle of radius #x3D;2H#x5F;n.",
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          "ref": "2016 November 2, Rob Taylor, “Malaysia Airlines Flight 370 likely in steep dive before crash”, in The Wall Street Journal, New York, N.Y.: Dow Jones & Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-03-26:",
          "text": "As well as physical debris, the report drew on recent analysis by Australian defense scientists of burst frequency signals from Flight 370 to satellites that indicated the aircraft had been descending fast, likely in an automated series of swooping dives called fugoids.",
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          "code": "ar",
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          "word": "fugoidi"
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          "tags": [
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          "word": "phugoïde"
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        {
          "code": "de",
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          "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
          "word": "Phygoide"
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        {
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          "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
          "word": "fugoide"
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        {
          "alt": "フゴイドうんどう",
          "code": "ja",
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          "roman": "fugoidoundō",
          "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
          "word": "フゴイド運動"
        },
        {
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "pugoidu",
          "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
          "word": "푸고이드"
        },
        {
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
          "word": "fugoidă"
        },
        {
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "fugóid",
          "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "фуго́ид"
        },
        {
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
          "word": "fugoide"
        },
        {
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
          "word": "phugoidrörelse"
        },
        {
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
          "word": "fugoidrörelse"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfjuːɡɔɪd/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-phugoid.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/95/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-phugoid.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-phugoid.wav.mp3",
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    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfjuˌɡɔɪd/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-us-phugoid.oga",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/60/En-us-phugoid.oga/En-us-phugoid.oga.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/En-us-phugoid.oga"
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  ],
  "word": "phugoid"
}

{
  "categories": [
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    "English coinages",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English learned borrowings from Ancient Greek",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms borrowed from Ancient Greek",
    "English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰewg- (flee)",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *weyd-",
    "English terms suffixed with -oid",
    "English uncomparable adjectives",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Requests for gender in German entries",
    "Requests for gender in Italian entries",
    "Requests for gender in Romanian entries",
    "Requests for gender in Spanish entries",
    "Requests for gender in Swedish entries",
    "Terms with Arabic translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Korean translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Romanian translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰewg-",
        "4": "*weyd-",
        "id": "flee"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "adjective",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "φῠγή",
        "nocap": "1",
        "t": "fleeing, flight; escape; retreat"
      },
      "expansion": "learned borrowing from Ancient Greek φῠγή (phugḗ, “fleeing, flight; escape; retreat”)",
      "name": "lbor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰewg-",
        "t": "to flee"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰewg- (“to flee”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "suffix",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "Frederick W. Lanchester",
        "nat": "the British",
        "nobycat": "1",
        "nocap": "1",
        "occ": "aerodynamicist and engineer"
      },
      "expansion": "coined by the British aerodynamicist and engineer Frederick W. Lanchester",
      "name": "coinage"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "􂀿...􂁀 With Appendices on the Theory and Application of the Gyroscope, on the Flight of Projectiles, etc."
      },
      "expansion": "[…]",
      "name": "nb..."
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Ltd., Orange Street, Leicester Square"
      },
      "expansion": "[…]",
      "name": "nb..."
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "φ􂀿υ􂁀γη"
      },
      "expansion": "φ[υ]γη",
      "name": "lang"
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    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ειδος"
      },
      "expansion": "ειδος",
      "name": "lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "noun",
      "name": "glossary"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "The adjective is a learned borrowing from Ancient Greek φῠγή (phugḗ, “fleeing, flight; escape; retreat”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewg- (“to flee”)) + English -oid (suffix meaning ‘having the likeness of, resembling’, forming adjectives and nouns). The word was coined by the British aerodynamicist and engineer Frederick W. Lanchester (1868–1946) in his book Aerodonetics (1908), the author mistaking the meaning of φῠγή (phugḗ) to be “flight” in the sense of “the act of flying”: see the quotations.\nThe noun is derived from the adjective.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "phugoid (not comparable)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
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    "phug‧oid"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "en:Aeronautics",
        "en:Aviation"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1908, F[rederick] W[illiam] Lanchester, “The Phugoid Theory—The Equations of the Flight Path”, in Aerodonetics: Constituting the Second Volume of a Complete Work on Aerial Flight […], London: Archibald Constable & Co. […], →OCLC, § 18 (Introductory), page 37:",
          "text": "The Phugoid theory deals with the longitudinal stability, and the form and equations of the flight path of an aerodone.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Of the motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object: continuously oscillating in a vertical plane due to the object pitching up and climbing, thus slowing down; then pitching down and descending, thus speeding up."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "aeronautics",
          "aeronautics"
        ],
        [
          "aviation",
          "aviation"
        ],
        [
          "motion",
          "motion#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "aircraft",
          "aircraft"
        ],
        [
          "missile",
          "missile"
        ],
        [
          "flying",
          "flying#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "object",
          "object#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "continuously",
          "continuously"
        ],
        [
          "oscillating",
          "oscillate"
        ],
        [
          "vertical",
          "vertical#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "plane",
          "plane#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "pitching",
          "pitch#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "climbing",
          "climb#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "slowing down",
          "slow down"
        ],
        [
          "descend",
          "descend"
        ],
        [
          "speeding up",
          "speed up"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(aeronautics, aviation) Of the motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object: continuously oscillating in a vertical plane due to the object pitching up and climbing, thus slowing down; then pitching down and descending, thus speeding up."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "not-comparable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "aeronautics",
        "aerospace",
        "aviation",
        "business",
        "engineering",
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfjuːɡɔɪd/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
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    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfjuˌɡɔɪd/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
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      "audio": "En-us-phugoid.oga",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/60/En-us-phugoid.oga/En-us-phugoid.oga.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/En-us-phugoid.oga"
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  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "of the motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object: continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
      "word": "fugoidi-"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "of the motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object: continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
      "word": "korkeus-nopeusheilahtelun omainen"
    }
  ],
  "word": "phugoid"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English adjectives",
    "English coinages",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English learned borrowings from Ancient Greek",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms borrowed from Ancient Greek",
    "English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰewg- (flee)",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *weyd-",
    "English terms suffixed with -oid",
    "English uncomparable adjectives",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Requests for gender in German entries",
    "Requests for gender in Italian entries",
    "Requests for gender in Romanian entries",
    "Requests for gender in Spanish entries",
    "Requests for gender in Swedish entries",
    "Terms with Arabic translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Korean translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Romanian translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰewg-",
        "4": "*weyd-",
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      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "adjective"
      },
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      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
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        "nocap": "1",
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      },
      "expansion": "learned borrowing from Ancient Greek φῠγή (phugḗ, “fleeing, flight; escape; retreat”)",
      "name": "lbor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
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      "name": "der"
    },
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      "args": {
        "1": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "suffix",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "Frederick W. Lanchester",
        "nat": "the British",
        "nobycat": "1",
        "nocap": "1",
        "occ": "aerodynamicist and engineer"
      },
      "expansion": "coined by the British aerodynamicist and engineer Frederick W. Lanchester",
      "name": "coinage"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "􂀿...􂁀 With Appendices on the Theory and Application of the Gyroscope, on the Flight of Projectiles, etc."
      },
      "expansion": "[…]",
      "name": "nb..."
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Ltd., Orange Street, Leicester Square"
      },
      "expansion": "[…]",
      "name": "nb..."
    },
    {
      "args": {
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        "2": "φ􂀿υ􂁀γη"
      },
      "expansion": "φ[υ]γη",
      "name": "lang"
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    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ειδος"
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      "expansion": "ειδος",
      "name": "lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "noun",
      "name": "glossary"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "The adjective is a learned borrowing from Ancient Greek φῠγή (phugḗ, “fleeing, flight; escape; retreat”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewg- (“to flee”)) + English -oid (suffix meaning ‘having the likeness of, resembling’, forming adjectives and nouns). The word was coined by the British aerodynamicist and engineer Frederick W. Lanchester (1868–1946) in his book Aerodonetics (1908), the author mistaking the meaning of φῠγή (phugḗ) to be “flight” in the sense of “the act of flying”: see the quotations.\nThe noun is derived from the adjective.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "phugoids",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "phugoid (plural phugoids)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "phug‧oid"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "en:Aeronautics",
        "en:Aviation"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1908, F[rederick] W[illiam] Lanchester, “The Phugoid Theory—The Flight Path Plotted”, in Aerodonetics: Constituting the Second Volume of a Complete Work on Aerial Flight […], London: Archibald Constable & Co. […], →OCLC, § 35 (The Time Period and Form of the Phugoid Path. Special Cases (continued).), page 63:",
          "text": "As the amplitude of the phugoid is increased beyond the limits of the semicircle, there is a rapid shortening of the time period as shown by the manner in which the time curve falls away almost immediately after that critical form of flight path is passed. […] [I]f we select phugoids of greater and greater velocity, for a given aerodone the form of the tumbler curve approximates more and more closely to a circle of radius #x3D;2H#x5F;n.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2016 November 2, Rob Taylor, “Malaysia Airlines Flight 370 likely in steep dive before crash”, in The Wall Street Journal, New York, N.Y.: Dow Jones & Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-03-26:",
          "text": "As well as physical debris, the report drew on recent analysis by Australian defense scientists of burst frequency signals from Flight 370 to satellites that indicated the aircraft had been descending fast, likely in an automated series of swooping dives called fugoids.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane due to the object pitching up and climbing, thus slowing down; then pitching down and descending, thus speeding up."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "aeronautics",
          "aeronautics"
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        [
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          "aviation"
        ],
        [
          "motion",
          "motion#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "aircraft",
          "aircraft"
        ],
        [
          "missile",
          "missile"
        ],
        [
          "flying",
          "flying#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "object",
          "object#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "continuously",
          "continuously"
        ],
        [
          "oscillating",
          "oscillate"
        ],
        [
          "vertical",
          "vertical#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "plane",
          "plane#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "pitching",
          "pitch#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "climbing",
          "climb#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "slowing down",
          "slow down"
        ],
        [
          "descend",
          "descend"
        ],
        [
          "speeding up",
          "speed up"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(aeronautics, aviation) The motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane due to the object pitching up and climbing, thus slowing down; then pitching down and descending, thus speeding up."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "aeronautics",
        "aerospace",
        "aviation",
        "business",
        "engineering",
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfjuːɡɔɪd/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-phugoid.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/95/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-phugoid.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-phugoid.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/95/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-phugoid.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-phugoid.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfjuˌɡɔɪd/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-us-phugoid.oga",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/60/En-us-phugoid.oga/En-us-phugoid.oga.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/En-us-phugoid.oga"
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  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "fugoid"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "fūgūyd",
      "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
      "word": "فوغويد"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
      "word": "起伏運動"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "qǐfúyùndòng",
      "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
      "word": "起伏运动"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
      "word": "週期運動"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "zhōuqīyùndòng, zhōuqíyùndòng",
      "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
      "word": "周期运动"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
      "word": "fugoidi"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
      "word": "fugoidiliike"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
      "word": "korkeus-nopeusheilahtelu"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "phugoïde"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
      "word": "Phygoide"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
      "word": "fugoide"
    },
    {
      "alt": "フゴイドうんどう",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "fugoidoundō",
      "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
      "word": "フゴイド運動"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "pugoidu",
      "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
      "word": "푸고이드"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
      "word": "fugoidă"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "fugóid",
      "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "фуго́ид"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
      "word": "fugoide"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
      "word": "phugoidrörelse"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
      "word": "fugoidrörelse"
    }
  ],
  "word": "phugoid"
}