"phugoid" meaning in All languages combined

See phugoid on Wiktionary

Adjective [English]

IPA: /ˈfjuːɡɔɪd/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ˈfjuˌɡɔɪd/ [General-American] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-phugoid.wav [Southern-England], En-us-phugoid.oga [General-American]
Etymology: The adjective is a learned borrowing from Ancient Greek φῠγή (phugḗ, “fleeing, flight; escape; retreat”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewg- (“to flee”)) + English -oid (suffix meaning ‘having the likeness of, resembling’, forming adjectives and nouns). The word was coined by the British aerodynamicist and engineer Frederick W. Lanchester (1868–1946) in his book Aerodonetics (1908), the author mistaking the meaning of φῠγή (phugḗ) to be “flight” in the sense of “the act of flying”: see the quotations. The noun is derived from the adjective. Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*bʰewg-|*weyd-|id=flee}}, {{glossary|adjective}} adjective, {{lbor|en|grc|φῠγή|nocap=1|t=fleeing, flight; escape; retreat}} learned borrowing from Ancient Greek φῠγή (phugḗ, “fleeing, flight; escape; retreat”), {{der|en|ine-pro|*bʰewg-|t=to flee}} Proto-Indo-European *bʰewg- (“to flee”), {{glossary|suffix}} suffix, {{coinage|en|Frederick W. Lanchester|nat=the British|nobycat=1|nocap=1|occ=aerodynamicist and engineer}} coined by the British aerodynamicist and engineer Frederick W. Lanchester, {{nb...|􂀿...􂁀 With Appendices on the Theory and Application of the Gyroscope, on the Flight of Projectiles, etc.}} […], {{nb...|Ltd., Orange Street, Leicester Square}} […], {{lang|grc|φ􂀿υ􂁀γη}} φ[υ]γη, {{lang|grc|ειδος}} ειδος, {{glossary|noun}} noun Head templates: {{en-adj|-}} phugoid (not comparable)
  1. (aeronautics, aviation) Of the motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object: continuously oscillating in a vertical plane due to the object pitching up and climbing, thus slowing down; then pitching down and descending, thus speeding up. Tags: not-comparable Categories (topical): Aeronautics, Aviation Translations (of the motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object: continuously oscillating in a vertical plane): fugoidi- (Finnish), korkeus-nopeusheilahtelun omainen (Finnish)
    Sense id: en-phugoid-en-adj-d3Gjgk2K Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English entries with language name categories using raw markup, English terms suffixed with -oid Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 50 50 Disambiguation of English entries with language name categories using raw markup: 50 50 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -oid: 49 51 Topics: aeronautics, aerospace, aviation, business, engineering, natural-sciences, physical-sciences

Noun [English]

IPA: /ˈfjuːɡɔɪd/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ˈfjuˌɡɔɪd/ [General-American] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-phugoid.wav [Southern-England], En-us-phugoid.oga [General-American] Forms: phugoids [plural]
Etymology: The adjective is a learned borrowing from Ancient Greek φῠγή (phugḗ, “fleeing, flight; escape; retreat”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewg- (“to flee”)) + English -oid (suffix meaning ‘having the likeness of, resembling’, forming adjectives and nouns). The word was coined by the British aerodynamicist and engineer Frederick W. Lanchester (1868–1946) in his book Aerodonetics (1908), the author mistaking the meaning of φῠγή (phugḗ) to be “flight” in the sense of “the act of flying”: see the quotations. The noun is derived from the adjective. Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*bʰewg-|*weyd-|id=flee}}, {{glossary|adjective}} adjective, {{lbor|en|grc|φῠγή|nocap=1|t=fleeing, flight; escape; retreat}} learned borrowing from Ancient Greek φῠγή (phugḗ, “fleeing, flight; escape; retreat”), {{der|en|ine-pro|*bʰewg-|t=to flee}} Proto-Indo-European *bʰewg- (“to flee”), {{glossary|suffix}} suffix, {{coinage|en|Frederick W. Lanchester|nat=the British|nobycat=1|nocap=1|occ=aerodynamicist and engineer}} coined by the British aerodynamicist and engineer Frederick W. Lanchester, {{nb...|􂀿...􂁀 With Appendices on the Theory and Application of the Gyroscope, on the Flight of Projectiles, etc.}} […], {{nb...|Ltd., Orange Street, Leicester Square}} […], {{lang|grc|φ􂀿υ􂁀γη}} φ[υ]γη, {{lang|grc|ειδος}} ειδος, {{glossary|noun}} noun Head templates: {{en-noun}} phugoid (plural phugoids)
  1. (aeronautics, aviation) The motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane due to the object pitching up and climbing, thus slowing down; then pitching down and descending, thus speeding up. Categories (topical): Aeronautics, Aviation Synonyms: fugoid Translations (motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane): فوغويد (fūgūyd) (Arabic), 起伏運動 (Chinese Mandarin), 起伏运动 (qǐfúyùndòng) (Chinese Mandarin), 週期運動 (Chinese Mandarin), 周期运动 (zhōuqīyùndòng, zhōuqíyùndòng) (Chinese Mandarin), fugoidi (Finnish), fugoidiliike (Finnish), korkeus-nopeusheilahtelu (Finnish), phugoïde [feminine] (French), Phygoide (German), fugoide (Italian), フゴイド運動 (fugoidoundō) (alt: フゴイドうんどう) (Japanese), 푸고이드 (pugoidu) (Korean), fugoidă (Romanian), фуго́ид (fugóid) [masculine] (Russian), fugoide (Spanish), phugoidrörelse (Swedish), fugoidrörelse (Swedish)
    Sense id: en-phugoid-en-noun-a0VOkyQM Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English entries with language name categories using raw markup, English terms suffixed with -oid Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 50 50 Disambiguation of English entries with language name categories using raw markup: 50 50 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -oid: 49 51 Topics: aeronautics, aerospace, aviation, business, engineering, natural-sciences, physical-sciences

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for phugoid meaning in All languages combined (15.6kB)

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        "Of the motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object: continuously oscillating in a vertical plane due to the object pitching up and climbing, thus slowing down; then pitching down and descending, thus speeding up."
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        "(aeronautics, aviation) Of the motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object: continuously oscillating in a vertical plane due to the object pitching up and climbing, thus slowing down; then pitching down and descending, thus speeding up."
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          "text": "As the amplitude of the phugoid is increased beyond the limits of the semicircle, there is a rapid shortening of the time period as shown by the manner in which the time curve falls away almost immediately after that critical form of flight path is passed. […] [I]f we select phugoids of greater and greater velocity, for a given aerodone the form of the tumbler curve approximates more and more closely to a circle of radius #x3D;2H#x5F;n.",
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          "ref": "2016 November 2, Rob Taylor, “Malaysia Airlines Flight 370 likely in steep dive before crash”, in The Wall Street Journal, New York, N.Y.: Dow Jones & Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-03-26",
          "text": "As well as physical debris, the report drew on recent analysis by Australian defense scientists of burst frequency signals from Flight 370 to satellites that indicated the aircraft had been descending fast, likely in an automated series of swooping dives called fugoids.",
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        "(aeronautics, aviation) The motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane due to the object pitching up and climbing, thus slowing down; then pitching down and descending, thus speeding up."
      ],
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        {
          "code": "ar",
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          "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
          "word": "فوغويد"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
          "word": "起伏運動"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "qǐfúyùndòng",
          "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
          "word": "起伏运动"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
          "word": "週期運動"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "zhōuqīyùndòng, zhōuqíyùndòng",
          "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
          "word": "周期运动"
        },
        {
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
          "word": "fugoidi"
        },
        {
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
          "word": "fugoidiliike"
        },
        {
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
          "word": "korkeus-nopeusheilahtelu"
        },
        {
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "phugoïde"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
          "word": "Phygoide"
        },
        {
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
          "word": "fugoide"
        },
        {
          "alt": "フゴイドうんどう",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "fugoidoundō",
          "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
          "word": "フゴイド運動"
        },
        {
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "pugoidu",
          "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
          "word": "푸고이드"
        },
        {
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
          "word": "fugoidă"
        },
        {
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "fugóid",
          "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "фуго́ид"
        },
        {
          "code": "es",
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          "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
          "word": "fugoide"
        },
        {
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
          "word": "phugoidrörelse"
        },
        {
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
          "word": "fugoidrörelse"
        }
      ]
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  "word": "phugoid"
}
{
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    "English learned borrowings from Ancient Greek",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms borrowed from Ancient Greek",
    "English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰewg- (flee)",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *weyd-",
    "English terms suffixed with -oid",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English uncomparable adjectives",
    "Requests for gender in German entries",
    "Requests for gender in Italian entries",
    "Requests for gender in Romanian entries",
    "Requests for gender in Spanish entries",
    "Requests for gender in Swedish entries"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
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      "name": "root"
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      "name": "lbor"
    },
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        "en:Aviation"
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          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Of the motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object: continuously oscillating in a vertical plane due to the object pitching up and climbing, thus slowing down; then pitching down and descending, thus speeding up."
      ],
      "links": [
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          "aeronautics",
          "aeronautics"
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        ],
        [
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          "aircraft"
        ],
        [
          "missile",
          "missile"
        ],
        [
          "flying",
          "flying#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "object",
          "object#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "continuously",
          "continuously"
        ],
        [
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          "oscillate"
        ],
        [
          "vertical",
          "vertical#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "plane",
          "plane#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "pitching",
          "pitch#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "climbing",
          "climb#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "slowing down",
          "slow down"
        ],
        [
          "descend",
          "descend"
        ],
        [
          "speeding up",
          "speed up"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(aeronautics, aviation) Of the motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object: continuously oscillating in a vertical plane due to the object pitching up and climbing, thus slowing down; then pitching down and descending, thus speeding up."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "not-comparable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "aeronautics",
        "aerospace",
        "aviation",
        "business",
        "engineering",
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences"
      ]
    }
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  "translations": [
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      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "of the motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object: continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
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    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "of the motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object: continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
      "word": "korkeus-nopeusheilahtelun omainen"
    }
  ],
  "word": "phugoid"
}

{
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    "English lemmas",
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    "English terms borrowed from Ancient Greek",
    "English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
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    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *weyd-",
    "English terms suffixed with -oid",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English uncomparable adjectives",
    "Requests for gender in German entries",
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          "ref": "1908, F[rederick] W[illiam] Lanchester, “The Phugoid Theory—The Flight Path Plotted”, in Aerodonetics: Constituting the Second Volume of a Complete Work on Aerial Flight […], London: Archibald Constable & Co. […], →OCLC, § 35 (The Time Period and Form of the Phugoid Path. Special Cases (continued).), page 63",
          "text": "As the amplitude of the phugoid is increased beyond the limits of the semicircle, there is a rapid shortening of the time period as shown by the manner in which the time curve falls away almost immediately after that critical form of flight path is passed. […] [I]f we select phugoids of greater and greater velocity, for a given aerodone the form of the tumbler curve approximates more and more closely to a circle of radius #x3D;2H#x5F;n.",
          "type": "quotation"
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        {
          "ref": "2016 November 2, Rob Taylor, “Malaysia Airlines Flight 370 likely in steep dive before crash”, in The Wall Street Journal, New York, N.Y.: Dow Jones & Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-03-26",
          "text": "As well as physical debris, the report drew on recent analysis by Australian defense scientists of burst frequency signals from Flight 370 to satellites that indicated the aircraft had been descending fast, likely in an automated series of swooping dives called fugoids.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
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      ],
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          "oscillate"
        ],
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        ],
        [
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          "plane#Noun"
        ],
        [
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          "pitch#Verb"
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        [
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          "climb#Verb"
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          "slowing down",
          "slow down"
        ],
        [
          "descend",
          "descend"
        ],
        [
          "speeding up",
          "speed up"
        ]
      ],
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        "(aeronautics, aviation) The motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane due to the object pitching up and climbing, thus slowing down; then pitching down and descending, thus speeding up."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "aeronautics",
        "aerospace",
        "aviation",
        "business",
        "engineering",
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences"
      ]
    }
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  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "fugoid"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "fūgūyd",
      "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
      "word": "فوغويد"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
      "word": "起伏運動"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "qǐfúyùndòng",
      "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
      "word": "起伏运动"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
      "word": "週期運動"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "zhōuqīyùndòng, zhōuqíyùndòng",
      "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
      "word": "周期运动"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
      "word": "fugoidi"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
      "word": "fugoidiliike"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
      "word": "korkeus-nopeusheilahtelu"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "phugoïde"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
      "word": "Phygoide"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
      "word": "fugoide"
    },
    {
      "alt": "フゴイドうんどう",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "fugoidoundō",
      "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
      "word": "フゴイド運動"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "pugoidu",
      "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
      "word": "푸고이드"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
      "word": "fugoidă"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "fugóid",
      "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "фуго́ид"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
      "word": "fugoide"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
      "word": "phugoidrörelse"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane",
      "word": "fugoidrörelse"
    }
  ],
  "word": "phugoid"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (46b31b8 and c7ea76d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.