"pentimento" meaning in English

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*peh₁-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "it",
        "3": "pentimento",
        "t": "repentance, penance, penitence; remorse; change of opinion; correction; traces of a previous image or work in an artwork"
      },
      "expansion": "Learned borrowing from Italian pentimento (“repentance, penance, penitence; remorse; change of opinion; correction; traces of a previous image or work in an artwork”)",
      "name": "lbor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "suffix",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "noun",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "verb",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "paenitēre"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin paenitēre",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "present"
      },
      "expansion": "present",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "active"
      },
      "expansion": "active",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "infinitive"
      },
      "expansion": "infinitive",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*peh₁-",
        "t": "to hate; to hurt"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *peh₁- (“to hate; to hurt”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "plural"
      },
      "expansion": "plural",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "it",
        "3": "pentimenti"
      },
      "expansion": "Italian pentimenti",
      "name": "bor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "[Alt: A blue-tinted painting of a man's bent neck, with a faint image of a woman's face in its background]\nLearned borrowing from Italian pentimento (“repentance, penance, penitence; remorse; change of opinion; correction; traces of a previous image or work in an artwork”), from pentìrsi (“to repent; to regret”) + -mento (suffix forming nouns representing the actions of verbs to which it is attached). Pentìrsi is derived from Latin paenitēre, the present active infinitive of paeniteō (“to cause to repent; to repent; to be sorry, regret”), from Proto-Indo-European *peh₁- (“to hate; to hurt”).\nThe plural form is also borrowed from Italian pentimenti.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pentimenti",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pentimenti"
      },
      "expansion": "pentimento (plural pentimenti)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "pen‧ti‧men‧to",
    "pen‧ti‧men‧ti"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Art",
          "orig": "en:Art",
          "parents": [
            "Culture",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Literature",
          "orig": "en:Literature",
          "parents": [
            "Culture",
            "Entertainment",
            "Writing",
            "Society",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Language",
            "All topics",
            "Human",
            "Communication",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Painting",
          "orig": "en:Painting",
          "parents": [
            "Art",
            "Culture",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "pentimentoed"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2012, Lorraine T. Gilman, chapter 20, in Princeton Pentimento, Bloomington, Ind.: WestBow Press, Thomas Nelson, page 205",
          "text": "She thought of the painting in the shop, the pentimento. Her life, the one she had so carefully planned for herself had crumbled like the paint on the surface.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2019, Timothy J. Benoy, William A. Edwards, Howell G. M. Edwards, “Evidence of Pentimenti for the Authentication of Paintings: A Challenge for Analytical Science at the Interface with Art History”, in Peter Vandenabeele, Howell Edwards, editors, Raman Spectroscopy in Archaeology and Art History, volume 2, London: Royal Society of Chemistry, page 33",
          "text": "[T]he presence of a pentimento is an extremely valuable entity which supports the conclusion that a painting is an original composition – so, by inference, therefore, refuting any later suggestion that the painting could be the work of a copyist, who would have been engaged upon copying an existing painting as seen! The identification of a pentimento in an artwork can occur in one of two ways: by analytical interrogation of the subsurface using penetrative radiation such as IRR or XRD, or by direct visual observation, where the overlaying paint has worn away […]",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The presence of traces of a previous work in an artistic or literary work; especially (painting) an image which has been painted over but is still detectable."
      ],
      "id": "en-pentimento-en-noun-qzAbTcV2",
      "links": [
        [
          "art",
          "art#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "literature",
          "literature"
        ],
        [
          "presence",
          "presence#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "traces",
          "trace#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "previous",
          "previous#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "work",
          "work#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "artistic",
          "artistic#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "literary",
          "literary"
        ],
        [
          "painting",
          "painting#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "image",
          "image#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "painted",
          "paint#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "detectable",
          "detectable"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(art, literature) The presence of traces of a previous work in an artistic or literary work; especially (painting) an image which has been painted over but is still detectable."
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "palimpsest"
        }
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "pentiment"
        }
      ],
      "topics": [
        "art",
        "arts",
        "literature",
        "media",
        "publishing"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "code": "eu",
          "lang": "Basque",
          "sense": "presence of traces of a previous work in an artistic or literary work",
          "word": "pentimento"
        },
        {
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "presence of traces of a previous work in an artistic or literary work",
          "word": "pentimento"
        },
        {
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "presence of traces of a previous work in an artistic or literary work",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "repentir"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "presence of traces of a previous work in an artistic or literary work",
          "tags": [
            "plural",
            "plural-only"
          ],
          "word": "Pentimenti"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "presence of traces of a previous work in an artistic or literary work",
          "word": "Pentiment"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "presence of traces of a previous work in an artistic or literary work",
          "word": "Reuestriche"
        },
        {
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "presence of traces of a previous work in an artistic or literary work",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "pentimento"
        },
        {
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "presence of traces of a previous work in an artistic or literary work",
          "word": "pentimento"
        },
        {
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "presence of traces of a previous work in an artistic or literary work",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "pentimento"
        },
        {
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "presence of traces of a previous work in an artistic or literary work",
          "word": "pentimento"
        },
        {
          "code": "sl",
          "lang": "Slovene",
          "sense": "presence of traces of a previous work in an artistic or literary work",
          "word": "pentimento"
        },
        {
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "presence of traces of a previous work in an artistic or literary work",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "pentimento"
        },
        {
          "code": "th",
          "lang": "Thai",
          "sense": "presence of traces of a previous work in an artistic or literary work",
          "word": "การแก้จิตรกรรม"
        }
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Pablo Picasso",
        "The Old Guitarist"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌpɛntɪˈmɛntəʊ/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌpɛntəˈmɛntoʊ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[-ɾə-]",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[-ɾoʊ]",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛntəʊ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌpɛntɪˈmɛnti/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌpɛntəˈmɛnti/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[-ɾə-]",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[-ɾi]",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-pentimento.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pentimento.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pentimento.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pentimento.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pentimento.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pentimento"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "pentimentoed"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*peh₁-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "it",
        "3": "pentimento",
        "t": "repentance, penance, penitence; remorse; change of opinion; correction; traces of a previous image or work in an artwork"
      },
      "expansion": "Learned borrowing from Italian pentimento (“repentance, penance, penitence; remorse; change of opinion; correction; traces of a previous image or work in an artwork”)",
      "name": "lbor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "suffix",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "noun",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "verb",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "paenitēre"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin paenitēre",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "present"
      },
      "expansion": "present",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "active"
      },
      "expansion": "active",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "infinitive"
      },
      "expansion": "infinitive",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*peh₁-",
        "t": "to hate; to hurt"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *peh₁- (“to hate; to hurt”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "plural"
      },
      "expansion": "plural",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "it",
        "3": "pentimenti"
      },
      "expansion": "Italian pentimenti",
      "name": "bor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "[Alt: A blue-tinted painting of a man's bent neck, with a faint image of a woman's face in its background]\nLearned borrowing from Italian pentimento (“repentance, penance, penitence; remorse; change of opinion; correction; traces of a previous image or work in an artwork”), from pentìrsi (“to repent; to regret”) + -mento (suffix forming nouns representing the actions of verbs to which it is attached). Pentìrsi is derived from Latin paenitēre, the present active infinitive of paeniteō (“to cause to repent; to repent; to be sorry, regret”), from Proto-Indo-European *peh₁- (“to hate; to hurt”).\nThe plural form is also borrowed from Italian pentimenti.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pentimenti",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pentimenti"
      },
      "expansion": "pentimento (plural pentimenti)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "pen‧ti‧men‧to",
    "pen‧ti‧men‧ti"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "palimpsest"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English 4-syllable words",
        "English countable nouns",
        "English entries with incorrect language header",
        "English learned borrowings from Italian",
        "English lemmas",
        "English nouns",
        "English nouns with irregular plurals",
        "English terms borrowed from Italian",
        "English terms derived from Italian",
        "English terms derived from Latin",
        "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₁-",
        "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "English terms with audio links",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "Rhymes:English/ɛntəʊ",
        "Rhymes:English/ɛntəʊ/4 syllables",
        "en:Art",
        "en:Literature",
        "en:Painting"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2012, Lorraine T. Gilman, chapter 20, in Princeton Pentimento, Bloomington, Ind.: WestBow Press, Thomas Nelson, page 205",
          "text": "She thought of the painting in the shop, the pentimento. Her life, the one she had so carefully planned for herself had crumbled like the paint on the surface.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2019, Timothy J. Benoy, William A. Edwards, Howell G. M. Edwards, “Evidence of Pentimenti for the Authentication of Paintings: A Challenge for Analytical Science at the Interface with Art History”, in Peter Vandenabeele, Howell Edwards, editors, Raman Spectroscopy in Archaeology and Art History, volume 2, London: Royal Society of Chemistry, page 33",
          "text": "[T]he presence of a pentimento is an extremely valuable entity which supports the conclusion that a painting is an original composition – so, by inference, therefore, refuting any later suggestion that the painting could be the work of a copyist, who would have been engaged upon copying an existing painting as seen! The identification of a pentimento in an artwork can occur in one of two ways: by analytical interrogation of the subsurface using penetrative radiation such as IRR or XRD, or by direct visual observation, where the overlaying paint has worn away […]",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The presence of traces of a previous work in an artistic or literary work; especially (painting) an image which has been painted over but is still detectable."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "art",
          "art#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "literature",
          "literature"
        ],
        [
          "presence",
          "presence#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "traces",
          "trace#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "previous",
          "previous#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "work",
          "work#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "artistic",
          "artistic#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "literary",
          "literary"
        ],
        [
          "painting",
          "painting#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "image",
          "image#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "painted",
          "paint#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "detectable",
          "detectable"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(art, literature) The presence of traces of a previous work in an artistic or literary work; especially (painting) an image which has been painted over but is still detectable."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "pentiment"
        }
      ],
      "topics": [
        "art",
        "arts",
        "literature",
        "media",
        "publishing"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Pablo Picasso",
        "The Old Guitarist"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌpɛntɪˈmɛntəʊ/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌpɛntəˈmɛntoʊ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[-ɾə-]",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[-ɾoʊ]",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛntəʊ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌpɛntɪˈmɛnti/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌpɛntəˈmɛnti/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[-ɾə-]",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[-ɾi]",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-pentimento.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pentimento.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pentimento.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pentimento.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pentimento.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "eu",
      "lang": "Basque",
      "sense": "presence of traces of a previous work in an artistic or literary work",
      "word": "pentimento"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "presence of traces of a previous work in an artistic or literary work",
      "word": "pentimento"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "presence of traces of a previous work in an artistic or literary work",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "repentir"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "presence of traces of a previous work in an artistic or literary work",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "plural-only"
      ],
      "word": "Pentimenti"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "presence of traces of a previous work in an artistic or literary work",
      "word": "Pentiment"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "presence of traces of a previous work in an artistic or literary work",
      "word": "Reuestriche"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "presence of traces of a previous work in an artistic or literary work",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "pentimento"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "presence of traces of a previous work in an artistic or literary work",
      "word": "pentimento"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "presence of traces of a previous work in an artistic or literary work",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "pentimento"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "presence of traces of a previous work in an artistic or literary work",
      "word": "pentimento"
    },
    {
      "code": "sl",
      "lang": "Slovene",
      "sense": "presence of traces of a previous work in an artistic or literary work",
      "word": "pentimento"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "presence of traces of a previous work in an artistic or literary work",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "pentimento"
    },
    {
      "code": "th",
      "lang": "Thai",
      "sense": "presence of traces of a previous work in an artistic or literary work",
      "word": "การแก้จิตรกรรม"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pentimento"
}