See pastoral in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
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"ref": "1981, William Irwin Thompson, The Time Falling Bodies Take to Light: Mythology, Sexuality and the Origins of Culture, London: Rider/Hutchinson & Co., page 160:",
"text": "Like the Mesolithic age of 10,000-8000 B.C., the period 6000-4000 B.C. seems to be one of the fall of fortresses and the rise of pastoral nomadism.",
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{
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"_dis1": "84 2 14",
"code": "pt",
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"word": "пастуший"
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"text": "[…] these pastoral farms, / Green to the very door; and wreaths of smoke / Sent up, in silence, from among the trees!",
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"ref": "1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], Francesca Carrara. […], volume II, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, pages 219–220:",
"text": "There was a tone, too, of pastoral poetry shed over the new scenes to which they were just introduced, that had a greater effect from the contrast to those, artificial and crowded, which they had just left.",
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"ref": "1985, Cormac McCarthy, Blood Meridian […] , →OCLC:",
"text": "He wanders west as far as Memphis, a solitary migrant upon that flat and pastoral landscape.",
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"ref": "2024 April 8, Jason Horowitz, Elisabetta Povoledo, quoting Víctor Manuel Fernández, “Vatican Document Casts Gender Change and Fluidity as Threat to Human Dignity”, in The New York Times:",
"text": "“In terms of pastoral consequences,” Cardinal Víctor Manuel Fernández, who leads the Vatican’s office on doctrine, said in a news conference Monday, “the principle of welcoming all is clear in the words of Pope Francis.”",
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{
"_dis1": "11 9 15 65",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "letter of the house of bishops",
"word": "paimenkirje"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 9 15 65",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "letter of the house of bishops",
"word": "piispan kirje"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 9 15 65",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "letter of the house of bishops",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "list pasterski"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpæs.tə.ɹəl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɑːstə.ɹəl/"
},
{
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},
{
"enpr": "păs\"tōr-al"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌpæsˈtɔːɹəl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːɹəl"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"pastoral"
],
"word": "pastoral"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
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"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "agropastoral"
},
{
"word": "antipastoral"
},
{
"word": "nonpastoral"
},
{
"word": "pastoral care"
},
{
"word": "pastoral charge"
},
{
"word": "pastoralism"
},
{
"word": "pastoralist"
},
{
"word": "pastoralize"
},
{
"word": "pastoral letter"
},
{
"word": "pastorally"
},
{
"word": "pastoralness"
},
{
"word": "pastoral staff"
},
{
"word": "pastoral theology"
},
{
"word": "prepastoral"
},
{
"word": "silvipastoral"
},
{
"word": "unpastoral"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
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"args": {
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"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*peh₂-"
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"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle French",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "pastoral"
},
"expansion": "Old French pastoral",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "pāstōrālis"
},
"expansion": "Latin pāstōrālis",
"name": "uder"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle French, Old French pastoral, from Latin pāstōrālis, from pāstor (“shepherd”), + adjective suffix -ālis.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more pastoral",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most pastoral",
"tags": [
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}
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"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "al pastor"
}
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"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1981, William Irwin Thompson, The Time Falling Bodies Take to Light: Mythology, Sexuality and the Origins of Culture, London: Rider/Hutchinson & Co., page 160:",
"text": "Like the Mesolithic age of 10,000-8000 B.C., the period 6000-4000 B.C. seems to be one of the fall of fortresses and the rise of pastoral nomadism.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of or pertaining to shepherds or herders of other livestock."
],
"links": [
[
"shepherd",
"shepherd"
],
[
"herder",
"herder"
],
[
"livestock",
"livestock"
]
]
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"categories": [
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"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "We were living a pastoral life.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1798, Wordsworth, Lines Composed a Few Lines Above Tintern Abbey, lines 16–18:",
"text": "[…] these pastoral farms, / Green to the very door; and wreaths of smoke / Sent up, in silence, from among the trees!",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], Francesca Carrara. […], volume II, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, pages 219–220:",
"text": "There was a tone, too, of pastoral poetry shed over the new scenes to which they were just introduced, that had a greater effect from the contrast to those, artificial and crowded, which they had just left.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1985, Cormac McCarthy, Blood Meridian […] , →OCLC:",
"text": "He wanders west as far as Memphis, a solitary migrant upon that flat and pastoral landscape.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Relating to rural life and scenes, in particular of poetry."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "pastoral duties",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "a pastoral letter",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2024 April 8, Jason Horowitz, Elisabetta Povoledo, quoting Víctor Manuel Fernández, “Vatican Document Casts Gender Change and Fluidity as Threat to Human Dignity”, in The New York Times:",
"text": "“In terms of pastoral consequences,” Cardinal Víctor Manuel Fernández, who leads the Vatican’s office on doctrine, said in a news conference Monday, “the principle of welcoming all is clear in the words of Pope Francis.”",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Relating to the care of souls, to the pastor of a church or to any local religious leader charged with the service of individual parishioners, i.e. a priest or rabbi."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
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"ipa": "/ˈpæs.tə.ɹəl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɑːstə.ɹəl/"
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{
"enpr": "păs\"tōr-al"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌpæsˈtɔːɹəl/"
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"rhymes": "-ɔːɹəl"
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],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pastirski",
"sense": "of or pertaining to shepherds",
"word": "пастирски"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "of or pertaining to shepherds",
"word": "牧人的"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "of or pertaining to shepherds",
"word": "pastoraal"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to shepherds",
"word": "paimen-"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to shepherds",
"word": "pastoraalinen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of or pertaining to shepherds",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pastoral"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "poimenikós",
"sense": "of or pertaining to shepherds",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ποιμενικός"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "voukolikós",
"sense": "of or pertaining to shepherds",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "βουκολικός"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "boukolikós",
"sense": "of or pertaining to shepherds",
"word": "βουκολικός"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to shepherds",
"word": "pasterski"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of or pertaining to shepherds",
"word": "pastoral"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of or pertaining to shepherds",
"word": "pastoril"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pastušij",
"sense": "of or pertaining to shepherds",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "пастуший"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to shepherds",
"word": "pastoral"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to shepherds",
"word": "pastoral"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pastorski",
"sense": "relating to the care of souls, or to the pastor of a church",
"word": "пасторски"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "relating to the care of souls, or to the pastor of a church",
"word": "主教的"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "relating to the care of souls, or to the pastor of a church",
"word": "pastra"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "relating to the care of souls, or to the pastor of a church",
"word": "papillinen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "relating to the care of souls, or to the pastor of a church",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pastoral"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "poimantikós",
"sense": "relating to the care of souls, or to the pastor of a church",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ποιμαντικός"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "relating to the care of souls, or to the pastor of a church",
"word": "duszpasterski"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "relating to the care of souls, or to the pastor of a church",
"word": "pasterski"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "relating to the care of souls, or to the pastor of a church",
"word": "pastoralny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "relating to the care of souls, or to the pastor of a church",
"word": "pastoral"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"pastoral"
],
"word": "pastoral"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
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"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₂-",
"English undefined derivations",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːɹəl",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːɹəl/3 syllables",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
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{
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"name": "uder"
},
{
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],
"etymology_text": "From Middle French, Old French pastoral, from Latin pāstōrālis, from pāstor (“shepherd”), + adjective suffix -ālis.",
"forms": [
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"form": "pastorals",
"tags": [
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}
],
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"args": {},
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"senses": [
{
"categories": [
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],
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{
"ref": "1837, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter XV, in Ethel Churchill: Or, The Two Brides. […], volume II, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, page 115:",
"text": "Ethel was silent from surprise: she had prepared herself for anger—even sorrow; but ridicule left her without an answer. What could she say to a hearer, who only smiled, and to whom emotion was only a scene in a pastoral?",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A poem describing the life and manners of shepherds; a poem in which the speakers assume the character of shepherds; an idyll; a bucolic."
]
},
{
"categories": [
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],
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],
"links": [
[
"music",
"music"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(music) A cantata relating to rural life; a composition for instruments characterized by simplicity and sweetness; a lyrical composition the subject of which is taken from rural life."
],
"topics": [
"entertainment",
"lifestyle",
"music"
]
},
{
"categories": [
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"en:Religion"
],
"glosses": [
"A letter of a pastor to his charge; specifically, a letter addressed by a bishop to his diocese."
],
"links": [
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"religion",
"religion"
],
[
"Christianity",
"Christianity"
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[
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],
"raw_glosses": [
"(religion, Christianity) A letter of a pastor to his charge; specifically, a letter addressed by a bishop to his diocese."
],
"topics": [
"Christianity",
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Christianity",
"en:Religion"
],
"glosses": [
"A letter of the House of Bishops, to be read in each parish."
],
"links": [
[
"religion",
"religion"
],
[
"Christianity",
"Christianity"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(religion, Christianity) A letter of the House of Bishops, to be read in each parish."
],
"topics": [
"Christianity",
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpæs.tə.ɹəl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɑːstə.ɹəl/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-pastoral.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pastoral.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pastoral.wav.mp3",
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},
{
"enpr": "păs\"tōr-al"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌpæsˈtɔːɹəl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːɹəl"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pastoral",
"sense": "poem",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "пасторал"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "poem",
"word": "田园诗"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "poem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pastorale"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "poem",
"word": "pastoraali"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "poem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sielanka"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pastorálʹ",
"sense": "poem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "пастора́ль"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "cantata",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pastorale"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "cantata",
"word": "pastoraali"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pastorálʹ",
"sense": "cantata",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "пастора́ль"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "letter of a pastor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "herderlijke brief"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "letter of a pastor",
"word": "paimenkirje"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "letter of the house of bishops",
"word": "paimenkirje"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "letter of the house of bishops",
"word": "piispan kirje"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "letter of the house of bishops",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "list pasterski"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"pastoral"
],
"word": "pastoral"
}
Download raw JSONL data for pastoral meaning in English (15.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.