"ombudsman" meaning in English

See ombudsman in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈɒmbədzmən/ [UK], /ˈɑmbədzmən/ [Canada, US], /ɒmˈbʊdzmən/ [Philippine, nonstandard] Audio: en-au-ombudsman.ogg [Australia], en-us-ombudsman.ogg Forms: ombudsmen [plural]
Etymology: Borrowed from Swedish ombudsman (equivalent to ombud (“representative, proxy”) + man), from Old Norse umboðsmaðr. Etymology templates: {{bor|en|sv|ombudsman}} Swedish ombudsman, {{m|sv|ombud|t=representative, proxy}} ombud (“representative, proxy”), {{m|sv|man}} man, {{der|en|non|umboðsmaðr}} Old Norse umboðsmaðr Head templates: {{en-noun|ombudsmen}} ombudsman (plural ombudsmen)
  1. An appointed official whose duty is to investigate complaints, generally on behalf of individuals such as consumers or taxpayers, against institutions such as companies and government departments. Categories (topical): Insurance, Occupations Translations (official who investigates complaints): أَمِين اَلْمَظَالِم (ʔamīn al-maẓālim) [masculine] (Arabic), օմբուդսմեն (ōmbudsmen) (Armenian), մարդու իրավունքների պաշտպան (mardu iravunkʻneri paštpan) (Armenian), омбудсман (ombudsman) (Bulgarian), síndic de greuges [masculine] (Catalan), defensor del poble (Catalan), 申訴專員 (Chinese Mandarin), 申诉专员 (shēnsù zhuānyuán) (Chinese Mandarin), 調查專員 (Chinese Mandarin), 调查专员 (diàochá zhuānyuán) (Chinese Mandarin), ombudsman [masculine] (Czech), ombudsmand [common-gender] (Danish), ombudsman (Dutch), umboðsmaður (Faroese), oikeusasiamies (Finnish), välimies (Finnish), ombudsman [masculine] (French), médiateur [masculine] (French), ragador [masculine] (Galician), meeiro [masculine] (Galician), avindeiro [masculine] (Galician), triquiñón [masculine] (Galician), valedor [masculine] (Galician), ომბუდსმენი (ombudsmeni) (Georgian), სახალხო დამცველი (saxalxo damcveli) (Georgian), Ombudsmann [masculine] (German), लोकपाल (lokpāl) (Hindi), लोकायुक्त (lokāyukt) (Hindi), ombudsman (Hungarian), mediacanto (Ido), ombudsman (Indonesian), オンブズマン (onbuzuman) (Japanese), 苦情調査官 (kujō chōsakan) (alt: くじょうちょうさかん) (Japanese), омбудсмен (ombudsmen) (Kazakh), 옴부즈만 (ombujeuman) (Korean), омбудсмен (ombudsmen) (Kyrgyz), народен правобранител (naroden pravobranitel) (Macedonian), омбудсман (ombudsman) (Macedonian), ഓംബുഡ്സ്മാൻ (ōmbuḍsmāṉ) (Malayalam), ombudsmann [masculine] (Norwegian Bokmål), ombodsmann [masculine] (Norwegian Nynorsk), دادآور (dâd-âvar) (Persian), ombudsman [masculine] (Polish), rzecznik [masculine] (Polish), ombudsman [masculine] (Portuguese), ouvidor [masculine] (Portuguese), ombudsman [masculine] (Romanian), уполномо́ченный по права́м челове́ка (upolnomóčennyj po pravám čelovéka) [masculine] (Russian), омбудсме́н (ombudsmén) [masculine] (Russian), омбудсма́н (ombudsmán) [masculine] (Russian), омбу̀дсман [Cyrillic, masculine] (Serbo-Croatian), ombùdsman [Latin, masculine] (Serbo-Croatian), pȗčkī pravobrànitelj [Latin, masculine] (Serbo-Croatian), mediador (Spanish), defensor del pueblo (Spanish), ombudsman (Swedish), додовар (dodovar) (Tajik), ผู้ตรวจการแผ่นดิน (pûu-dtrùuat-gaan-pɛ̀n-din) (Thai), ombudsman (Turkish), kamu denetçisi (Turkish), омбудсме́н (ombudsmén) [masculine] (Ukrainian), омбудсма́н (ombudsmán) [masculine] (Ukrainian), محتسب (mohtasib) [masculine] (Urdu), ombwdsmon [masculine] (Welsh)
    Sense id: en-ombudsman-en-noun-r-RQ54LV Disambiguation of Insurance: 59 41 Disambiguation of Occupations: 56 44 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 65 35 Disambiguation of 'official who investigates complaints': 92 8
  2. A designated internal mediator in an organization whose duty is to assist members with conflict resolution and other problems and to serve as an independent consultant to recommend changes to policies or procedures to improve organization effectiveness, efficiency, and humaneness. Categories (topical): Public administration
    Sense id: en-ombudsman-en-noun-ktXxkGn- Disambiguation of Public administration: 40 60
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: ombud, ombuds, ombudsperson, ombudswoman

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for ombudsman meaning in English (13.3kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "ombud"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "ombuds"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "ombudsperson"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "ombudswoman"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "sv",
        "3": "ombudsman"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish ombudsman",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "ombud",
        "t": "representative, proxy"
      },
      "expansion": "ombud (“representative, proxy”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "man"
      },
      "expansion": "man",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "non",
        "3": "umboðsmaðr"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse umboðsmaðr",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Swedish ombudsman (equivalent to ombud (“representative, proxy”) + man), from Old Norse umboðsmaðr.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ombudsmen",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ombudsmen"
      },
      "expansion": "ombudsman (plural ombudsmen)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "65 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "59 41",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Insurance",
          "orig": "en:Insurance",
          "parents": [
            "Finance",
            "Industries",
            "Business",
            "Economics",
            "Society",
            "Social sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Sciences",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "56 44",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Occupations",
          "orig": "en:Occupations",
          "parents": [
            "People",
            "Work",
            "Human",
            "Human activity",
            "All topics",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An appointed official whose duty is to investigate complaints, generally on behalf of individuals such as consumers or taxpayers, against institutions such as companies and government departments."
      ],
      "id": "en-ombudsman-en-noun-r-RQ54LV",
      "links": [
        [
          "appointed",
          "appointed"
        ],
        [
          "official",
          "official"
        ],
        [
          "investigate",
          "investigate"
        ],
        [
          "complaint",
          "complaint"
        ],
        [
          "individual",
          "individual"
        ],
        [
          "consumer",
          "consumer"
        ],
        [
          "taxpayer",
          "taxpayer"
        ],
        [
          "institutions",
          "institutions"
        ],
        [
          "companies",
          "companies"
        ],
        [
          "government",
          "government"
        ],
        [
          "department",
          "department"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "ʔamīn al-maẓālim",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "أَمِين اَلْمَظَالِم"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "ōmbudsmen",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "word": "օմբուդսմեն"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "mardu iravunkʻneri paštpan",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "word": "մարդու իրավունքների պաշտպան"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "ombudsman",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "word": "омбудсман"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "síndic de greuges"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "word": "defensor del poble"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "word": "申訴專員"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "shēnsù zhuānyuán",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "word": "申诉专员"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "word": "調查專員"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "diàochá zhuānyuán",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "word": "调查专员"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "ombudsman"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "ombudsmand"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "word": "ombudsman"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "fo",
          "lang": "Faroese",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "word": "umboðsmaður"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "word": "oikeusasiamies"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "word": "välimies"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "ombudsman"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "médiateur"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "ragador"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "meeiro"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "avindeiro"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "triquiñón"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "valedor"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "ombudsmeni",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "word": "ომბუდსმენი"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "saxalxo damcveli",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "word": "სახალხო დამცველი"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Ombudsmann"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "hi",
          "lang": "Hindi",
          "roman": "lokpāl",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "word": "लोकपाल"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "hi",
          "lang": "Hindi",
          "roman": "lokāyukt",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "word": "लोकायुक्त"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "word": "ombudsman"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "io",
          "lang": "Ido",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "word": "mediacanto"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "id",
          "lang": "Indonesian",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "word": "ombudsman"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "onbuzuman",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "word": "オンブズマン"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "alt": "くじょうちょうさかん",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "kujō chōsakan",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "word": "苦情調査官"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "kk",
          "lang": "Kazakh",
          "roman": "ombudsmen",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "word": "омбудсмен"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "ombujeuman",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "word": "옴부즈만"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "ky",
          "lang": "Kyrgyz",
          "roman": "ombudsmen",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "word": "омбудсмен"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "naroden pravobranitel",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "word": "народен правобранител"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "ombudsman",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "word": "омбудсман"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "ml",
          "lang": "Malayalam",
          "roman": "ōmbuḍsmāṉ",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "word": "ഓംബുഡ്സ്മാൻ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "ombudsmann"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "ombodsmann"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "dâd-âvar",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "word": "دادآور"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "ombudsman"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "rzecznik"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "ombudsman"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "ouvidor"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "ombudsman"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "upolnomóčennyj po pravám čelovéka",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "уполномо́ченный по права́м челове́ка"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "ombudsmén",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "омбудсме́н"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "ombudsmán",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "омбудсма́н"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "омбу̀дсман"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "ombùdsman"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "pȗčkī pravobrànitelj"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "word": "mediador"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "word": "defensor del pueblo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "word": "ombudsman"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "tg",
          "lang": "Tajik",
          "roman": "dodovar",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "word": "додовар"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "th",
          "lang": "Thai",
          "roman": "pûu-dtrùuat-gaan-pɛ̀n-din",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "word": "ผู้ตรวจการแผ่นดิน"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "word": "ombudsman"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "word": "kamu denetçisi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "ombudsmén",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "омбудсме́н"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "ombudsmán",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "омбудсма́н"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "ur",
          "lang": "Urdu",
          "roman": "mohtasib",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "محتسب"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "cy",
          "lang": "Welsh",
          "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "ombwdsmon"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "40 60",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Public administration",
          "orig": "en:Public administration",
          "parents": [
            "Government",
            "Politics",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A designated internal mediator in an organization whose duty is to assist members with conflict resolution and other problems and to serve as an independent consultant to recommend changes to policies or procedures to improve organization effectiveness, efficiency, and humaneness."
      ],
      "id": "en-ombudsman-en-noun-ktXxkGn-",
      "links": [
        [
          "mediator",
          "mediator"
        ],
        [
          "conflict",
          "conflict"
        ],
        [
          "resolution",
          "resolution"
        ],
        [
          "consultant",
          "consultant"
        ],
        [
          "humaneness",
          "humaneness"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɒmbədzmən/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɑmbədzmən/",
      "tags": [
        "Canada",
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɒmˈbʊdzmən/",
      "tags": [
        "Philippine",
        "nonstandard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-au-ombudsman.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8f/En-au-ombudsman.ogg/En-au-ombudsman.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/En-au-ombudsman.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Australia"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (AU)"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-ombudsman.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/68/En-us-ombudsman.ogg/En-us-ombudsman.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/68/En-us-ombudsman.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "ombudsman"
  ],
  "word": "ombudsman"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English 3-syllable words",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English nouns with irregular plurals",
    "English terms borrowed from Swedish",
    "English terms derived from Old Norse",
    "English terms derived from Swedish",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "en:Insurance",
    "en:Occupations",
    "en:Public administration"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "ombud"
    },
    {
      "word": "ombuds"
    },
    {
      "word": "ombudsperson"
    },
    {
      "word": "ombudswoman"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "sv",
        "3": "ombudsman"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish ombudsman",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "ombud",
        "t": "representative, proxy"
      },
      "expansion": "ombud (“representative, proxy”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "man"
      },
      "expansion": "man",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "non",
        "3": "umboðsmaðr"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse umboðsmaðr",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Swedish ombudsman (equivalent to ombud (“representative, proxy”) + man), from Old Norse umboðsmaðr.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ombudsmen",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ombudsmen"
      },
      "expansion": "ombudsman (plural ombudsmen)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "An appointed official whose duty is to investigate complaints, generally on behalf of individuals such as consumers or taxpayers, against institutions such as companies and government departments."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "appointed",
          "appointed"
        ],
        [
          "official",
          "official"
        ],
        [
          "investigate",
          "investigate"
        ],
        [
          "complaint",
          "complaint"
        ],
        [
          "individual",
          "individual"
        ],
        [
          "consumer",
          "consumer"
        ],
        [
          "taxpayer",
          "taxpayer"
        ],
        [
          "institutions",
          "institutions"
        ],
        [
          "companies",
          "companies"
        ],
        [
          "government",
          "government"
        ],
        [
          "department",
          "department"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A designated internal mediator in an organization whose duty is to assist members with conflict resolution and other problems and to serve as an independent consultant to recommend changes to policies or procedures to improve organization effectiveness, efficiency, and humaneness."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mediator",
          "mediator"
        ],
        [
          "conflict",
          "conflict"
        ],
        [
          "resolution",
          "resolution"
        ],
        [
          "consultant",
          "consultant"
        ],
        [
          "humaneness",
          "humaneness"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɒmbədzmən/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɑmbədzmən/",
      "tags": [
        "Canada",
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɒmˈbʊdzmən/",
      "tags": [
        "Philippine",
        "nonstandard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-au-ombudsman.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8f/En-au-ombudsman.ogg/En-au-ombudsman.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/En-au-ombudsman.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Australia"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (AU)"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-ombudsman.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/68/En-us-ombudsman.ogg/En-us-ombudsman.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/68/En-us-ombudsman.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "ʔamīn al-maẓālim",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "أَمِين اَلْمَظَالِم"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "ōmbudsmen",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "word": "օմբուդսմեն"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "mardu iravunkʻneri paštpan",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "word": "մարդու իրավունքների պաշտպան"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "ombudsman",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "word": "омбудсман"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "síndic de greuges"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "word": "defensor del poble"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "word": "申訴專員"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "shēnsù zhuānyuán",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "word": "申诉专员"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "word": "調查專員"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "diàochá zhuānyuán",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "word": "调查专员"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ombudsman"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "ombudsmand"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "word": "ombudsman"
    },
    {
      "code": "fo",
      "lang": "Faroese",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "word": "umboðsmaður"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "word": "oikeusasiamies"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "word": "välimies"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ombudsman"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "médiateur"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ragador"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "meeiro"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "avindeiro"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "triquiñón"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "valedor"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "ombudsmeni",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "word": "ომბუდსმენი"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "saxalxo damcveli",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "word": "სახალხო დამცველი"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Ombudsmann"
    },
    {
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "roman": "lokpāl",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "word": "लोकपाल"
    },
    {
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "roman": "lokāyukt",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "word": "लोकायुक्त"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "word": "ombudsman"
    },
    {
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "word": "mediacanto"
    },
    {
      "code": "id",
      "lang": "Indonesian",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "word": "ombudsman"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "onbuzuman",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "word": "オンブズマン"
    },
    {
      "alt": "くじょうちょうさかん",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "kujō chōsakan",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "word": "苦情調査官"
    },
    {
      "code": "kk",
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "roman": "ombudsmen",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "word": "омбудсмен"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "ombujeuman",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "word": "옴부즈만"
    },
    {
      "code": "ky",
      "lang": "Kyrgyz",
      "roman": "ombudsmen",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "word": "омбудсмен"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "naroden pravobranitel",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "word": "народен правобранител"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "ombudsman",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "word": "омбудсман"
    },
    {
      "code": "ml",
      "lang": "Malayalam",
      "roman": "ōmbuḍsmāṉ",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "word": "ഓംബുഡ്സ്മാൻ"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ombudsmann"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ombodsmann"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "dâd-âvar",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "word": "دادآور"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ombudsman"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "rzecznik"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ombudsman"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ouvidor"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ombudsman"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "upolnomóčennyj po pravám čelovéka",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "уполномо́ченный по права́м челове́ка"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "ombudsmén",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "омбудсме́н"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "ombudsmán",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "омбудсма́н"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "омбу̀дсман"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ombùdsman"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "pȗčkī pravobrànitelj"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "word": "mediador"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "word": "defensor del pueblo"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "word": "ombudsman"
    },
    {
      "code": "tg",
      "lang": "Tajik",
      "roman": "dodovar",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "word": "додовар"
    },
    {
      "code": "th",
      "lang": "Thai",
      "roman": "pûu-dtrùuat-gaan-pɛ̀n-din",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "word": "ผู้ตรวจการแผ่นดิน"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "word": "ombudsman"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "word": "kamu denetçisi"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "ombudsmén",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "омбудсме́н"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "ombudsmán",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "омбудсма́н"
    },
    {
      "code": "ur",
      "lang": "Urdu",
      "roman": "mohtasib",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "محتسب"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "official who investigates complaints",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ombwdsmon"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "ombudsman"
  ],
  "word": "ombudsman"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.