See monolingual in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
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"etymology_text": "From mono- + lingual.",
"forms": [
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"form": "more monolingual",
"tags": [
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{
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{
"ref": "2019, Li Huang, James Lambert, “Another Arrow for the Quiver: A New Methodology for Multilingual Researchers”, in Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, →DOI, page 5:",
"text": "Thus approximately 98% of signs contained English, and 93.5% of signs were wholly in English. As far as linguistic landscapes go, this is a case of extreme monolingual dominance in a multilingual setting.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Knowing or using a single language; written or spoken in a single language."
],
"id": "en-monolingual-en-adj-AUhFx97B",
"links": [
[
"Knowing",
"knowing"
],
[
"using",
"using"
],
[
"language",
"language"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "unilingual"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "njëgjuhësh"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔuḥādī l-luḡa",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "أُحَادِي اَللُّغَة"
},
{
"code": "aii",
"lang": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic",
"roman": "ḥdānāy liššānā",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ܚܕܵܢܵܝ ܠܸܫܵܢܵܐ"
},
{
"code": "aii",
"lang": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic",
"roman": "ḥdānāyat liššānā",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ܚܕܵܢܵܝܲܬ ܠܸܫܵܢܵܐ"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "təkdilli"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "elebakar"
},
{
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "unyezhek"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "monolingüe"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "unilingüe"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "單語"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dānyǔ",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "单语"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "jednojazyčný"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "ensproget"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "eentalig"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "ühekeelne"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "yksikielinen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "monolingue"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "unilingue"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "monolingüe"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "unilingüe"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ertenovani",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "ერთენოვანი"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "monolingvuri",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "მონოლინგვური"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "einsprachig"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "monolingual"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "monóglossos",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "μονόγλωσσος"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "ekbhāṣī",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "एकभाषी"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "eintyngdur"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "einmálga"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "monolingue"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "aonteangach"
},
{
"alt": "たんいつげんご",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tanitsugengo",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "単一言語"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "ednojázičen",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "едноја́зичен"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "ekabahasa"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "un-çhengagh"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "reo tōtahi"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "ettspråklig"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "تکزبانه"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "یکزبانه"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "jednojęzyczny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "monolíngue"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "monolingv"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "unilingv"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "odnojazýčnyj",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "одноязы́чный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"english": "seldom",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "monojazyčnyj",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"tags": [
"sometimes"
],
"word": "моноязычный"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "monolingüe"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "enspråkig"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "sanwika"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "odnomóvnyj",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "одномо́вний"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"rhymes": "-ɪŋɡwəl"
}
],
"word": "monolingual"
}
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],
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],
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]
}
],
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"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Interlingua translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Manx translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"en:Language",
"en:People"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "mono-",
"3": "lingual"
},
"expansion": "mono- + lingual",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From mono- + lingual.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more monolingual",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most monolingual",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "monolingual (comparative more monolingual, superlative most monolingual)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "multilingual"
},
{
"word": "plurilingual"
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2019, Li Huang, James Lambert, “Another Arrow for the Quiver: A New Methodology for Multilingual Researchers”, in Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, →DOI, page 5:",
"text": "Thus approximately 98% of signs contained English, and 93.5% of signs were wholly in English. As far as linguistic landscapes go, this is a case of extreme monolingual dominance in a multilingual setting.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Knowing or using a single language; written or spoken in a single language."
],
"links": [
[
"Knowing",
"knowing"
],
[
"using",
"using"
],
[
"language",
"language"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "unilingual"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"rhymes": "-ɪŋɡwəl"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "njëgjuhësh"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔuḥādī l-luḡa",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "أُحَادِي اَللُّغَة"
},
{
"code": "aii",
"lang": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic",
"roman": "ḥdānāy liššānā",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ܚܕܵܢܵܝ ܠܸܫܵܢܵܐ"
},
{
"code": "aii",
"lang": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic",
"roman": "ḥdānāyat liššānā",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ܚܕܵܢܵܝܲܬ ܠܸܫܵܢܵܐ"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "təkdilli"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "elebakar"
},
{
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "unyezhek"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "monolingüe"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "unilingüe"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "單語"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dānyǔ",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "单语"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "jednojazyčný"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "ensproget"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "eentalig"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "ühekeelne"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "yksikielinen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "monolingue"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "unilingue"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "monolingüe"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "unilingüe"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ertenovani",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "ერთენოვანი"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "monolingvuri",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "მონოლინგვური"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "einsprachig"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "monolingual"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "monóglossos",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "μονόγλωσσος"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "ekbhāṣī",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "एकभाषी"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "eintyngdur"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "einmálga"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "monolingue"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "aonteangach"
},
{
"alt": "たんいつげんご",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tanitsugengo",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "単一言語"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "ednojázičen",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "едноја́зичен"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "ekabahasa"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "un-çhengagh"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "reo tōtahi"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "ettspråklig"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "تکزبانه"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "یکزبانه"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "jednojęzyczny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "monolíngue"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "monolingv"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "unilingv"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "odnojazýčnyj",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "одноязы́чный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"english": "seldom",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "monojazyčnyj",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"tags": [
"sometimes"
],
"word": "моноязычный"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "monolingüe"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "enspråkig"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "sanwika"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "odnomóvnyj",
"sense": "only knowing or spoken in one language",
"word": "одномо́вний"
}
],
"word": "monolingual"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English hybridisms",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms prefixed with mono-",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɪŋɡwəl",
"Rhymes:English/ɪŋɡwəl/4 syllables",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Assyrian Neo-Aramaic translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Basque translations",
"Terms with Breton translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Interlingua translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Manx translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"en:Language",
"en:People"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "mono-",
"3": "lingual"
},
"expansion": "mono- + lingual",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From mono- + lingual.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "monolinguals",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "monolingual (plural monolinguals)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a person who knows or uses only a single language; a monoglot"
],
"links": [
[
"monoglot",
"monoglot"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"rhymes": "-ɪŋɡwəl"
}
],
"word": "monolingual"
}
Download raw JSONL data for monolingual meaning in English (11.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.